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Quiscalus quiscula (common grackle)

Reptilia - Passeriformes - Icteridae

Taxonomy
Gracula quiscula was named by Linnaeus (1758). It is extant.

It was recombined as Quiscalus quiscula by Wetmore (1931), Wetmore (1940), Wetmore (1956), Parmalee (1992), Powell et al. (2008) and Clements et al. (2017).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1758Gracula quiscula Linnaeus p. 109
1931Quiscalus quiscula Wetmore p. 41
1940Quiscalus quiscula Wetmore p. 76
1956Quiscalus quiscula Wetmore p. 96
1992Quiscalus quiscula Parmalee p. 316
2008Quiscalus quiscula Powell et al.
2017Quiscalus quiscula Clements et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
—Diapsida()
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
RankNameAuthor
—Crocopoda
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
—Ornithodira
—Dinosauromorpha
—Dinosauriformes
—Dinosauria()
—Theropoda()
—Neotheropoda
—AverostraPaul 2002
—Tetanurae
—Coelurosauria()
—Maniraptora
—Paraves
classAves
subclassNeornithesGadow 1893
—Neognathae(Pycraft 1900)
orderPasseriformesLinnaeus 1758
familyIcteridaeVigors 1825
genusQuiscalusVieillot 1816
speciesquiscula()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Quiscalus quiscula Linnaeus 1758 [common grackle]
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Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatiteo
Entire body: yeso
Adult length: 10 to < 100o
Adult width: 1.0 to < 10o
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10o
Architecture: compact or denseo
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partso
Grouping: solitaryo
Environment: terrestrialsubf
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: volantsubf
Diet: insectivoresubf
Diet 2: frugivoresubf
Reproduction: oviparouso
Dispersal: direct/internalo
Dispersal 2: mobileo
Created: 2009-01-03 16:48:48
Modified: 2009-01-03 18:48:48
Source: subf = subfamily, o = order
References: Marsh 1875, Naka 2004

Age range: base of the Late/Upper Pleistocene to the top of the Holocene or 0.12900 to 0.00000 Ma

Collections (6 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Rancholabrean0.3 - 0.012USA (Florida) Quiscalus quiscula (20491)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Quiscalus quiscula (154773)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Quiscalus quiscula (20595)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Quiscalus quiscula (154771)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Alabama) Quiscalus quiscula (84181)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0USA (Ohio) Quiscalus quiscula (195062)