Basic info Taxonomic history Classification Included Taxa
Morphology Ecology and taphonomy External Literature Search Age range and collections

Neohipparion

Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1903Neohipparion Gidley
1907Neohipparion Gidley p. 867
1913Neohipparion Scott p. 290
1933Hipparion sanjuanensis Frick p. 549
1940Neohipparion Stirton
1942Neohipparion Gregory
1955Neohipparion Quinn p. 63
1963Neohipparion Mooser p. 394
1969Neohipparion Webb
1975Neohipparion Forsten
1981Hesperohipparion Dalquest p. 506
1984Neohipparion MacFadden p. 75
1988Neohipparion Carroll
1989Neohipparion Prothero and Schoch p. 532
1991Neohipparion Baskin p. 999
1991Neohipparion (Hesperohipparion) Baskin p. 999
1995Neohipparion Kelly p. 26
1998Neohipparion MacFadden p. 548
2006Neohipparion Hulbert and Whitmore p. 13
2019Neohipparion May

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
RankNameAuthor
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Panperissodactyla
superorderPerissodactylamorpha
orderPerissodactyla()
superfamilyEquoidea
familyEquidae
subfamilyEquinae
tribeHipparionini
genusNeohipparion

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Neohipparion Gidley 1903
show all | hide all
†Neohipparion affine Leidy 1869
hide
Invalid names: Hippotherium speciosum Leidy 1854 [synonym], Neohipparion dolichops Gidley 1906 [synonym], Neohipparion whitneyi Gidley 1903 [synonym]
hide
Invalid names: Hesperohipparion stirtoni Dalquest 1981 [synonym], Hippotherium rectidens Cope 1886 [synonym], Neohipparion arellanoi Stirton 1955 [synonym], Neohipparion floresi Stirton 1955 [synonym], Neohipparion molle Merriam 1915 [synonym], Neohipparion monias Mooser 1963 [synonym], Neohipparion otomii Mooser 1959 [synonym], Neohipparion phosphorum Simpson 1930 [synonym]
†Neohipparion gidleyi Merriam 1915
†Neohipparion leptode Merriam 1915
†Neohipparion trampasense Edwards 1982
Invalid names: Hesperohipparion Dalquest 1981 [synonym], Neohipparion sanjuanensis Frick 1933 [nomen nudum]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
J. W. Gidley 1903
Generic characters.- Protocone free, except at base, as in Hip- parion. Protoconecomparativelylargeandmuchexpandedantero- posteriorly. Enamel foldings simple. The median external basal column present in the lower milk molars as in Hipparion, but much shorterandmoreexpandedanteroposteriorly. Lateraldigitsmuch reduced.
W. W. Dalquest 1981 (Hesperohipparion)ipparions withtheprotoconesoftheuppercheekteethisolated,except thattheprotoconeofp2issometimesconnectedtotheprotolophinveryearlyorverylate
stagesofwear;protoconesmuchantero-posteriorlyelongated,usuallywith pointedends andsinuous,concave orstraightlingualborders,but not convexlingualmargins;lower
cheek teeth very high-crowned and upper part of crown anteroposteriorlyexpanded;
metaconidandmetastylidalmostprostrateinearlystagesofwear,withlongaxesofcusps
paralleltolongaxisoftooth,andwidelyseparatedbylong,shallowlinguaflexid;median
lingualspuroftenpresentincenteroflinguaflexid,plicaballinidstronglydevelopedand plicated. In more advanced stages of wear, metaconid and metastylid column
converging. In lower part of crown, tooth shorter anteroposteriorly,metaconids and
metastylids shorter and rounder, and linguaflexids shorter and broadly "U" shaped. Ectoflexids of premolars shallow, with metaconid and metastylid appearing to be elevated on the isthmus; ectoflexids of molars shallow, not penetrating between
metaconid and metastylid at any stage of wear; parastylids moderately to strongly developed but not isolated in cementum.
B. J. MacFadden 1984Medium to large-size. Moderately to very hypsodont. Mean TRL 127.30mm to ca.150.00mm. Unworn or little-worn MlMSTHT range between ca. 35 to 71 mm. DPOF poorly developed (shallow) or absent. Anterior portion of DPOF, if present, is developed on the nasal and maxillary bones and fades into the surrounding facial region. Posterior portion of the DPOF if present, is developed on the nasal, maxillary, and sometimes lacrimal bones. Also, if present, posterior portion of the DPOF is very shallow and it usually lacks a well-developed rim or pocket (except in the dorsal and posterior margins in primitive forms). In the upper cheek teeth, protocones very elongate. In the lower cheek teeth of some species, e.g., N. eurystyle, there are well-developed pli hypoconids, pli caballinids, isthmuses, and elongate entoconids and hypolophids. The degree of enamel plications varies from simple to complex. Metapodials moderate to very long.
Neohipparion differs from most Holarctic species of Hipparion sensu stricto in numerous dental characters, e.g., relatively
elongated protocones and (except for N. coloradense and some N.affine) extreme development of the pli caballinid. Neohipparion
differs from most Old World species and all North American species of Hipparion sensu stricto in the morphology of the DPOF. Neohipparion differs from Nannippus in larger size, numerous dental characters, e.g., more elongate protocones and complex enamel plications, and, except for primitive species, the development of the DPOF. Neohipparion differs from Cormohipparion in numerous dental characters, e.g., development of the pli caballinid and ectoflexid, and morphology of the DPOF.