Camp Cady (Pleistocene of the United States)

Also known as Lake Manix

Where: San Bernardino County, California (34.8° N, 117.0° W)

• coordinate based on political unit

When: Manix Formation, Late/Upper Pleistocene (0.1 - 0.0 Ma)

Environment/lithology: terrestrial; lithology not reported

Size class: macrofossils

Primary reference: G. T. Jefferson. 1987. The Camp Cady Local Fauna: Paleoenvironment of the Lake Manix Basin. San Bernardino County Museum Association Quarterly 34(3-4):3-35 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/P. Holroyd]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 20273: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 26.03.1995, edited by Patricia Holroyd

Creative Commons license: CC0 (CC0)

Taxonomic list

• from a 39 m section spanning four members, but "all abundantly represented... mammalian taxa are known from the basal 1 m of Member C"
unit bracketed by U-Th dates of 183.8 +/- 12.0 kya and > 350 kya: McGill et al. 1988; average is 0.267 Ma, concordant with Jefferson's "estimate" of 0.295 Ma
list repeated by Jefferson 1991
numerous CIT, LACM, SBCM, UCRV, and USGS localities
generically determinae NISP 632
Show authors, comments, and common names
unclassified
  -
Planorbilla ammon, Planorbilla subcrenata, Planorbilla ? tenuis
Gastropoda
 Heterostropha - Lymnaeidae
Fossaria modicella
 Heterostropha - Planorbidae
Vorticifex effusa, Gyraulus vermicularis
Gyraulus vermicularis Gould 1847 Pacific coast gyro
 Heterostropha - Physidae
Physa sp.
Physa sp. Draparnaud 1801 snail
 Heterostropha - Valvatidae
Valvata humeralis
Valvata humeralis Say 1829 glossy valvata
Bivalvia
 Cardiida - Sphaeriidae
Pisidium compressum
 Unionida - Unionidae
Anodonta californiensis
Anodonta californiensis freshwater mussel
Ostracoda
  -
Heterocypris sp.
Heterocypris sp. Claus 1893 ostracod
 Podocopida - Limnocytheridae
Limnocythere bradburyi, Limnocythere ceriotuberosa, Limnocythere platyforma, Limnocythere robusta
Osteichthyes
 Cypriniformes - Cyprinidae
Gila bicolor
Gila bicolor carp-like fish
Gila bicolor mojavensis
 Perciformes - Gasterosteidae
Gasterosteus aculeatus
Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus 1758 three-spined stickleback
Mammalia
  - Mylodontidae
Mylodontidae indet.1
Mylodontidae indet.1 Ameghino 1889 edentate
 Megatherioidea - Nothrotheriidae
"Nothrotheriops shastensis" = Nothrotherium shastense
"Nothrotheriops shastensis" = Nothrotherium shastense Sinclair 1905 Shasta ground sloth
 Megatherioidea - Megalonychidae
Megalonyx sp.
Megalonyx sp. Jefferson 1799 edentate
 Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Lepus sp.
Lepus sp. Linnaeus 1758 hare
 Rodentia - Cricetidae
Cricetidae indet.
Cricetidae indet. Fischer von Waldheim 1817 rodent
 Carnivora - Ursidae
Arctodus sp., cf. Ursus sp.
Arctodus sp. Leidy 1854 bear
cf. Ursus sp. Linnaeus 1758 bear
 Carnivora - Felidae
Puma sp.1, "Homotherium cf. serum" = Homotherium latidens2
Puma sp.1 Jardine 1834 cougar
"Homotherium cf. serum" = Homotherium latidens2 Owen 1846 scimitar toothed cat
 Carnivora - Canidae
"Canis cf. dirus" = Aenocyon dirus, Canis latrans
"Canis cf. dirus" = Aenocyon dirus Leidy 1858 dire wolf
Canis latrans Say 1823 coyote
 Artiodactyla - Antilocapridae
Antilocapra sp.
Antilocapra sp. Ord 1818 pronghorn
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Ovis canadensis
Ovis canadensis Shaw 1804 bighorn sheep
 Artiodactyla - Camelidae
Camelops sp.3, Camelops cf. hesternus, Camelops aff. minidokae, Lamini indet., Hemiauchenia macrocephala
Camelops sp.3 Leidy 1854 camel
Camelops cf. hesternus Leidy 1873 camel
Camelops aff. minidokae Hay 1927 camel
Lamini indet. Webb 1965 camel
said to be a new species
Hemiauchenia macrocephala Cope 1893 camel
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Equus sp., Equus conversidens
Equus sp. Linnaeus 1758 horse
Equus conversidens Owen 1869 horse
 Proboscidea - Elephantidae
Mammuthus sp.
Mammuthus sp. Brookes 1828 mammoth
Aves
 Accipitriformes - Accipitridae
Aquila chrysaetos, Haliaeetus leucocephalus
Aquila chrysaetos Linnaeus 1758 golden eagle
Haliaeetus leucocephalus Linnaeus 1766 bald eagle
 Charadriiformes - Laridae
Larus sp., Larus cf. oregonus
Larus sp. Linnaeus 1758 gull
Larus cf. oregonus Shufeldt 1891 gull
 Charadriiformes - Scolopacidae
cf. Actitis sp., "Phalaropodinae indet." = Scolopacidae
cf. Actitis sp. Illiger 1811 snipe
"Phalaropodinae indet." = Scolopacidae Rafinesque 1815 snipe
 Gaviiformes - Gaviidae
Gavia cf. arctica
Gavia cf. arctica Linnaeus 1758 Arctic loon
 Ciconiiformes - Ciconiidae
Ciconia maltha
Ciconia maltha Miller 1910 asphalt stork
 Pelecaniformes - Pelecanidae
Pelecanus macropus, Pelecanus aff. erythrorhynchos
Pelecanus aff. erythrorhynchos Gmelin 1789 American white pelican
 Phoenicopteriformes - Phoenicopteridae
Phoenicopterus copei, Phoenicopterus minutus
Phoenicopterus copei Shufeldt 1891 flamingo
Phoenicopterus minutus Howard 1955 flamingo
 Strigiformes - Strigidae
Bubo virginianus
Bubo virginianus Gmelin 1788 great horned owl
 Gruiformes - Rallidae
Fulica americana
Fulica americana Gmelin 1789 American coot
Fulica americana cf. F. a. minor
 Gruiformes - Gruidae
cf. Grus sp.
cf. Grus sp. Brisson 1760 crane
 Podicipediformes - Podicipedidae
Aechmophorus occidentalis, Podiceps cf. nigricollis
Aechmophorus occidentalis Lawrence 1858 western grebe
Podiceps cf. nigricollis Brehm 1831 black-necked grebe
 Anseriformes - Anatidae
Oxyura jamaicensis, Aythya sp., Mergus cf. merganser, Anas cf. platyrhynchos, Anas cf. crecca, Cygnus cf. columbianus, Branta canadensis
Oxyura jamaicensis Gmelin 1789 Ruddy duck
Aythya sp. Boie 1822 pochard
Mergus cf. merganser Linnaeus 1758 common merganser
Anas cf. platyrhynchos Linnaeus 1758 mallard
Anas cf. crecca Linnaeus 1758 Eurasian teal
Cygnus cf. columbianus Ord 1815 tundra swan
Branta canadensis Linnaeus 1758 Canada goose
Reptilia
 Testudines - Emydidae
"Clemmys marmorata" = Emys marmorata
"Clemmys marmorata" = Emys marmorata Baird and Girard 1852 western pond turtle
Carinifex
  -
Carinifex newberryi
1Alroy 2002; 2Jefferson and Tejada-Flores 1993; 3Scott and Cox 2002