Sterkfontein - Member 4: Pliocene - Calabrian, South Africa

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Mammalia
Mammalia indet. Linnaeus 1758
330 specimens
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Mammalia
Mammalia indet. Linnaeus 1758
55 specimens
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Carnivora
Mammalia - Hyracoidea - Procaviidae
Procavia transvaalensis Shaw 1937
8 specimens
Procavia antiqua Broom 1934
16 specimens
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Elephantidae
Elephas recki Dietrich 1915
1 specimen
recombined as Palaeoloxodon recki
Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae
Canis mesomelas Schreber 1775
9 specimens
recombined as Lupulella mesomelas
Canis brevirostris
1 specimen
Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae
Felidae indet. Gray 1821
2 specimens
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Felidae
Panthera leo (Linnaeus 1758)
3 specimens
Panthera pardus (Linnaeus 1758)
1 specimen
Homotherium crenatidens Fabrini 1890
24 specimens
Dinofelis barlowi Broom 1937
7 specimens
Megantereon gracile
1 specimen
Mammalia - Carnivora - Hyaenidae
Hyaenidae indet. Gray 1821
15 specimens
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Hyaenidae
Hyaena hyaena (Linnaeus 1758)
1 specimen
Crocuta cf. spelaea
1 specimen
Crocuta crocuta (Erxleben 1777)
4 specimens
Pachycrocuta brevirostris (Gervais 1850)
4 specimens
Euryboas silberbergi
4 specimens
    = Chasmaporthetes silberbergi
McKenna and Bell 1997
Chasmaporthetes silberbergi
4 specimens
Chasmaporthetes nitidula Ewer 1955
4 specimens
Mammalia - Suidae
Metridiochoerus sp. Hopwood 1926
2 specimens
Mammalia - Bovidae
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821
12 specimens
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: antelope size I
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821
111 specimens
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: antelope size II
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821
246 specimens
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: antelope size III
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821
15 specimens
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: antelope size IV
Gazella sp. Blaineville 1816
2 specimens
Antidorcas cf. bondi (Cooke and Wells 1951)
1 specimen
original and current combination Gazella bondi
Syncerus sp. Hodgson 1847
1 specimen
Tragelaphus cf. angasi (Gray 1849)
3 specimens
original and current combination Tragelaphus angasii
Makapania cf. broomi Wells and Cooke 1956
22 specimens
Redunca cf. arundinum (Boddaert 1785)
1 specimen
original and current combination Antilope arundinum
Hippotragini indet. Sundevall 1845
23 specimens
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Hippotragini
Hippotragus cf. equinus (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1803)
2 specimens
original and current combination Antilope equina
Damaliscus sp. Sclater and Thomas 1894
25 specimens
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: sp.1-Sterkfontein
Damaliscus sp. Sclater and Thomas 1894
1 specimen
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: 142-Sterkfontein
Damaliscus sp. Sclater and Thomas 1894
25 specimens
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: 141-Sterkfontein
Connochaetes sp. (Lichtenstein 1812)
3 specimens
cf. Megalotragus sp. van Hoepen 1932
1 specimen
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Equus sp. Linnaeus 1758
2 specimens
Equus capensis Broom 1909
18 specimens
Mammalia - Rodentia - Hystricidae
Hystrix africaeaustralis Peters 1852
6 specimens
Mammalia - Primates - Cercopithecidae
Cercopithecidae indet. Gray 1821
459 specimens
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Cercopithecidae
Cercopithecoides williamsi Mollet 1947
19 specimens
Parapapio sp. Jones 1937
204 specimens
Parapapio broomi Jones 1937
97 specimens
Parapapio jonesi Broom 1940
35 specimens
Parapapio whitei Broom 1940
13 specimens
Papio izodi Gear 1926
1 specimen
Mammalia - Primates - Hominidae
Australopithecus indet. Dart 1925
Clarke and Kuman 2019
Australopithecus africanus Dart 1925
90 specimens
unclassified
Antidorcas cf. recki (Schwartz 1932)
5 specimens
original and current combination Adenota recki
see common names

Geography
Country:South Africa
Coordinates: 26.0° South, 27.7° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:26.3° South, 27.4° East
Geographic resolution:basin
Time
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 6
*Period:Tertiary *Epoch:Pliocene
*International age/stage:Calabrian (minimum)
Key time interval:Pliocene - Calabrian
Age range of interval:5.33300 - 0.77400 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Geological group:Transvaal Formation:Sterkfontein Member:14
Stratigraphy comments: ETE dating method: absolute, ETE age comment: based on two samples of bovid teeth radiometric intage_min
Lithology and environment
Lithology description: ETE rock type adj: breccia, ETE lithology comments: Bed A=dolomite/chert,Bed B+C=red brown calcified clastics, Bed D=banded calcite, fine lenses=sheetflood deposits
Environment:cave
Geology comments: ETE sed env 1: trap, ETE sed env 2: cave ETE event: ., ETE env comment: karstic sol. of dolomite,periodic floods from surf
Taphonomy
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:selective quarrying
Collection size:1929 specimens
Collection method comments: ETE Size: both; ETE reference list: 415, 414, 412, 411, 409, 123, 121, 104, ; ETE museum list: TM
Metadata
Also known as:ETE Locality 609, Lower Breccia, Sterkfontein - Member 4,
Database number:21791
Authorizer:A. Behrensmeyer, A. Turner, M. Uhen Enterer:A. Behrensmeyer, A. Perry, J. Damuth, H. O'Regan
Modifier:M. Kosnik
Created:1995-10-13 00:00:00 Last modified:2017-05-23 16:34:15
Access level:the public Released:1995-10-13 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
4867.ETE 577T. C. Partridge. 1978. Re-appraisal of lithostratigraphy of Sterkfontein hominid site. Nature 275:282-287 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Kosnik]

Secondary references:

86659 R. Clarke and K. Kuman. 2019. The skull of StW 573, a 3.67 Ma Australopithecus prometheus skeleton from Sterkfontein Caves, South Africa. 134 [M. Uhen/A. Perry]
7584 M. C. McKenna and S. K. Bell. 1997. Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level 1-640 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]