MAD93-18 (SUNY): Maastrichtian, Madagascar
collected by D. Krause & crews 1993, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2004, 2007

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Pisces
Pisces indet. Linnaeus 1758
Rogers et al. 2003
synonym of Osteichthyes
Reptilia - Noasauridae
Masiakasaurus knopfleri n. gen., n. sp. Sampson et al. 2001
Sampson et al. 2001 237 specimens
(25 measurements)
Reptilia - Abelisauridae
Majungatholus atopus Sues and Taquet 1979
Sampson et al. 1998 7 specimens
synonym of Majungasaurus crenatissimus
FMNH PR 2294, 2295, 2423, 2426, 2428, 2433, 2434
Reptilia
Avialae indet. Gauthier 1986
O'Connor and Forster 2010 3 specimens
FMNH PA 741; UA 9610-9611
Avialae informal indet. E Gauthier 1986
O'Connor and Forster 2010 1 specimen
UA 9606; "Humeral Taxon E"
Avialae informal indet. F Gauthier 1986
O'Connor and Forster 2010 1 specimen
FMNH PA 749; "Humeral Taxon F"
Reptilia - Dromaeosauridae
Rahona ostromi n. gen., n. sp. Forster et al. 1998
Forster et al. 1998 1 individual
recombined as Rahonavis ostromi
(5 measurements)
? Rahonavis ostromi (Forster et al. 1998)
O'Connor and Forster 2010 2 specimens
FMNH PA 746, UA 9604; "Humeral Taxon B" (7 measurements)
Reptilia
Ornithothoraces indet. Chiappe and Calvo 1994
O'Connor and Forster 2010 1 specimen
UA 9602
Ornithurae indet. Haeckel 1866
O'Connor and Forster 2010 1 specimen
UA 9601
? Ornithurae indet. Haeckel 1866
O'Connor and Forster 2010 2 specimens
FMNH PA 748, UA 9607
Vorona berivotrensis n. gen., n. sp. Forster et al. 1996
4 specimens
UA 8651, 9609; FMNH PA 715, 717
? Vorona berivotrensis Forster et al. 1996
O'Connor and Forster 2010 4 specimens
FMNH PA 743-745; "Humeral Taxon A"; FMNH PA 750
Enantiornithes indet. Walker 1981
O'Connor and Forster 2010 4 specimens
FMNH PA 747; "Humeral Taxon C"; UA 9608; FMNH PA 752-753
? Enantiornithes indet. Walker 1981
O'Connor and Forster 2010 1 specimen
UA 9605; "Humeral Taxon D"
Curry Rogers and Wilson 2014
FMNH PR 3046 (juvenile basioccipital)
Rapetosaurus krausei Curry Rogers and Forster 2001
Curry Rogers and Forster 2004 3 individuals
FMNH PR 2342, UA 9331; 2 skulls and 1 skeleton & osteoderms (8 measurements)
Simosuchus clarki Buckley et al. 2000
Krause et al. 2010
FMNH PR 2824 (nearly complete fifth? cervical vertebra) and UA 9753 (nearly complete right femur)
Reptilia - Madtsoiidae
Serpentes indet. Linnaeus 1758
Rogers et al. 2003
    = Madtsoia madagascariensis Hoffstetter 1961
LaDuke et al. 2010
Reptilia - Testudines
Testudines indet. Batsch 1788
Rogers et al. 2003 2 specimens
    = Kinkonychelys rogersi Gaffney et al. 2009
Gaffney et al. 2009
UA 8652, 8655
Mammalia
Mammalia indet. Linnaeus 1758
Rogers et al. 2003
see common names

Geography
Country:Madagascar State/province:Mahajanga
Coordinates: 15.9° South, 46.6° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:30.1° South, 38.4° East
Basis of coordinate:based on political unit
Altitude:151 meters
Geographic resolution:small collection
Time
Period:Cretaceous Epoch:Late/Upper Cretaceous
Stage:Maastrichtian 10 m.y. bin:Cretaceous 8
*Period:Late/Upper Cretaceous *Epoch:Senonian
*International age/stage:Campanian
Key time interval:Maastrichtian
Age range of interval:72.10000 - 66.00000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Formation:Maevarano Member:Anembalemba
Stratigraphic resolution:group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: three bonebeds: BB1, BB2, BB3 - which should eventually be separated into distinct collections
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: sandstone
Includes fossils?Y
Environment:"channel"
Geology comments: "shallow and very broad channel-belt system characterized by an ephemeral and flood-prone discharge regime."
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body,trace
Degree of concentration:-multiple events
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Preservation of anatomical detail:excellent
Associated major elements:many
Disassociated major elements:many
Disassociated minor elements:many
Fragmentation:occasional
Feeding/predation traces:arthropod boring
Spatial resolution:parautochthonous
Collection methods and comments
Collection excludes:some genera,some macrofossils,species names
Collection methods:selective quarrying,mechanical,field collection
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Museum repositories:FMNH
Collectors:D. Krause & crews Collection dates:1993, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2004, 2007
Collection method comments: Faunal list from formation includes "fishes, frogs, turtles, snakes, lizards, crocodiles, sauropod and non-avian theropod dinosaurs, and mammals", but these are certainly not all from site MAD 93-18. The site is productive and does contain many other taxa, but these were collected at other times, and are not listed in this paper - other papers need to be consulted.
Metadata
Database number:25074
Authorizer:M. Carrano, P. Mannion Enterer:M. Carrano, P. Mannion
Modifier:M. Carrano Research group:vertebrate
Created:2002-08-27 14:25:59 Last modified:2014-08-26 13:47:31
Access level:the public Released:2002-08-27 14:25:59
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
7030. C. A. Forster, L. M. Chiappe, D. W. Krause and S. D. Sampson. 1996. The first Cretaceous bird from Madagascar. Nature 382:532-535 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]

Secondary references:

42471 S. H. Burch and M. T. Carrano. 2012. An articulated pectoral girdle and forelimb of the abelisaurid theropod Majungasaurus crenatissimus from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 32(1):1-16 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
44450 M. T. Carrano, M. A. Loewen, and J. J. W. Sertich. 2011. New materials of Masiakasaurus knopfleri Sampson, Carrano, and Forster, 2001, and implications for the morphology of the Noasauridae (Theropoda: Ceratosauria). Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 95:1-53 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/P. Mannion]
51085 K. Curry Rogers and J. A. Wilson. 2014. Vahiny depereti, gen. et sp. nov., a new titanosaur (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous Maevarano Formation, Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34(3):606-617 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
17719ETE K. A. Curry Rogers. 2005. Titanosauria: a phylogenetic overview. In J. A. Wilson & K. A. Curry Rogers (eds.), The Sauropods: Evolution and Paleobiology. University of California Press, Berkeley 50-103 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
10556 K. A. Curry Rogers and C. A. Forster. 2004. The skull of Rapteosaurus krausei (Sauropoda: Titanosauria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24(1):121-144 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
12456ETE C. A. Forster, S. D. Sampson, L. M. Chiappe and D. W. Krause. 1998. The theropod ancestry of birds: new evidence from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Science 279:1915-1919 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
30695ETE E. S. Gaffney, D. W. Krause, and I. S. Zalmout. 2009. Kinkonychelys, a new side-necked turtle (Pelomedusoides: Bothremydidae) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. American Museum Novitates 3662:1-25 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
49276 F. A. Gianechini, P. J. Makovicky, and S. Apesteguía. 2011. The teeth of the unenlagiine theropod Buitreraptor from the Cretaceous of Patagonia, Argentina, and the unusual dentition of the Gondwanan dromaeosaurids. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 56(2):279-290 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
24665ETE D. W. Krause, S. D. Sampson, M. T. Carrano and P. M. O'Connor. 2007. Overview of the history of discovery, taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography of Majungasaurus crenatissimus (Theropoda: Abelisauridae) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. In S. D. Sampson & D. W. Krause (eds.), Majungasaurus crenatissimus (Theropoda: Abelisauridae) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 8. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27(2, suppl.):1-20 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/J. Alroy]
38067 D. W. Krause, J. J. W. Sertich, R. R. Rogers, S. C. Kast, A. H. Rasoamiaramanana and G. A. Buckley. 2010. Overview of the discovery, distribution, and geological context of Simosuchus clarki (Crocodyliformes: Notosuchia) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 10:4-12 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
32931ETE T. C. LaDuke, D. W. Krause, J. D. Scanlon and N. J. Kley. 2010. A Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) snake assemblage from the Maevarano Formation, Mahajanga Basin, Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30(1):109-138 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
34251ETE P. M. O'Connor and C. A. Forster. 2010. A Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) avifauna from the Maevarano Formation, Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30(4):1178-1201 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
23421ETE E. M. Roberts, R. R. Rogers, and B. Z. Foreman. 2007. Continental insect borings in dinosaur bone: examples from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar and Utah. Journal of Paleontology 81(1):201-208 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
10610ETE R. R. Rogers, J. H. Hartman, and D. W. Krause. 2000. Stratigraphic analysis of Upper Cretaceous rocks in the Mahajanga Basin, northwestern Madagascar: implications for ancient and modern faunas. Journal of Geology 108:275-301 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
12923ETE R. R. Rogers, D. W. Krause, and K. Curry Rogers. 2003. Cannibalism in the Madagascan dinosaur Majungatholus atopus. Nature 422:515-518 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
23634ETE S. D. Sampson, M. T. Carrano, and C. A. Forster. 2001. A bizarre predatory dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Nature 409:504-506 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
8733 S. D. Sampson, L. M. Witmer, C. A. Forster, D. W. Krause, P. M. O'Connor, P. Dodson, and F. Ravoavy. 1998. Predatory dinosaur remains from Madagascar: implications for the Cretaceous biogeography of Gondwana. Science 280:1048-1051 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]