PBDB Collection

Cutler Hammock (Pleistocene of the United States)

Also known as UF DA004

Where: Dade County, Florida (25.7° N, 80.4° W: paleocoordinates 25.8° N, 79.6° W)

• coordinate based on unpublished field data

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: Rancholabrean mammal zone, Late/Upper Pleistocene (0.1 - 0.0 Ma)

• isolated sinkhole deposit formed in Miami Limestone

Environment/lithology: sinkhole; poorly lithified, ferruginous, argillaceous, calcareous breccia

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Preservation: original phosphate, bone collector

Collected by Bob Carr et al. in 1985-1986; reposited in the FLMNH

Collection methods: bulk, sieve

Primary reference: S. D. Emslie and G. S. Morgan. 1995. Taphonomy of a late Pleistocene carnivore den, Dade County, Florida. In D. W. Steadman and J. I. Mead (eds.), Late Quaternary Environments and Deep History: A Tribute to Paul Martin 65-83 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taphonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 154722: authorized by Jonathan Bloch, entered by Richard Hulbert on 05.03.2014, edited by Grace Varnham

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

Actinopteri
Amiiformes - Amiidae	Amia calva Amia calva Linnaeus 1766 bowfin
Lepisosteiformes - Lepisosteidae	Lepisosteus sp. Lepisosteus sp. Agassiz 1843 gar
Amphibia
Caudata - Urodela	Amphiuma sp., Siren sp. Amphiuma sp. Garden 1821 amphiuma Siren sp. Linnaeus 1766 siren
Salientia - Pelobatidae	"Scaphiopus holbrooki" = Scaphiopus (Scaphiopus) holbrooki "Scaphiopus holbrooki" = Scaphiopus (Scaphiopus) holbrooki Harlan 1835 Eastern spadefoot toad
Salientia - Eleutherodactylidae	cf. Eleutherodactylus sp. cf. Eleutherodactylus sp. Duméril and Bibron 1841 frog
Salientia - Ranidae	Rana sp. Rana sp. Linnaeus 1758 frog
Salientia - Bufonidae	Bufo cf. terrestris Bufo cf. terrestris Bonnaterre 1789 Southern toad
Salientia - Hylidae	Hyla sp. Hyla sp. Laurenti 1768 tree frog
Reptilia
Squamata - Crotalidae	Crotalus adamanteus Crotalus adamanteus Palisot de Beauvois 1799 eastern diamondback rattlesnake
Squamata - Colubridae	Colubridae sp. Colubridae sp. Oppel 1811 colubrid snake 5 spp. present
Squamata - Polychrotidae	Anolis carolinensis Anolis carolinensis Voight 1832 green anole
Aves
Charadriiformes - Scolopacidae	Scolopax minor¹, Gallinago gallinago¹, Limnodromus scolopaceus¹ Scolopax minor¹ Gmelin 1789 American woodcock Gallinago gallinago¹ Linnaeus 1758 common snipe Limnodromus scolopaceus¹ Say 1822 long-billed dowitcher
Suliformes - Anhingidae	Anhinga anhinga¹ Anhinga anhinga¹ Linnaeus 1766 anhinga large sp.
Pelecaniformes - Ardeidae	Butorides virescens¹, Ardea herodias¹ Butorides virescens¹ Linnaeus 1758 green heron Ardea herodias¹ Linnaeus 1758 great blue heron
Pelecaniformes - Threskiornithidae	Eudocimus albus¹ Eudocimus albus¹ Linnaeus 1758 White ibis
Ciconiiformes - Ciconiidae	Ciconia maltha Ciconia maltha Miller 1910 asphalt stork
Gaviiformes - Gaviidae	Gavia immer Gavia immer Brunnich 1764 Common loon
Cathartiformes - Cathartidae	Coragyps atratus, Gymnogyps californianus Coragyps atratus Bechstein 1793 black vulture Gymnogyps californianus Shaw 1797 California condor
Anseriformes - Anatidae	Mergus sp.¹, Anas platyrhynchos, Oxyura jamaicensis Mergus sp.¹ Linnaeus 1758 merganser Anas platyrhynchos Linnaeus 1758 mallard Oxyura jamaicensis Gmelin 1789 Ruddy duck
Columbiformes - Columbidae	Ectopistes migratorius, Columba sp., Zenaida sp., Zenaida macroura Ectopistes migratorius Linnaeus 1758 passenger pigeon Columba sp. Linnaeus 1758 dove Zenaida sp. Bonaparte 1838 dove Zenaida macroura Linnaeus 1758 mourning dove
Piciformes - Picidae	Melanerpes sp.¹, Dryocopus sp., Colaptes auratus¹ Melanerpes sp.¹ Swainson 1832 woodpecker Dryocopus sp. Boie 1826 woodpecker Colaptes auratus¹ Linnaeus 1758 northern flicker
Strigiformes - Strigidae	"Otus asio" = Megascops asio, Strix varia, Bubo virginianus¹ "Otus asio" = Megascops asio Linnaeus 1758 eastern screech-owl Strix varia Barton 1799 barred owl Bubo virginianus¹ Gmelin 1788 great horned owl
Strigiformes - Tytonidae	Tyto alba Tyto alba Scopoli 1769 barn owl
Gruiformes - Rallidae	Fulica americana¹, Rallus elegans¹, Porzana carolina¹, "Porphyrula martinica" = Porphyrio martinica¹ Fulica americana¹ Gmelin 1789 American coot Rallus elegans¹ Audubon 1834 king rail or could be Rallus longirostris Porzana carolina¹ Linnaeus 1758 sora "Porphyrula martinica" = Porphyrio martinica¹ Linnaeus 1766 purple gallinule
Podicipediformes - Podicipedidae	Podilymbus podiceps Podilymbus podiceps Linnaeus 1758 pied-billed grebe
Passeriformes - Cardinalidae	Cardinalis cardinalis¹ Cardinalis cardinalis¹ Linnaeus 1758 northern cardinal
Passeriformes - Corvidae	cf. Pica pica¹, cf. Protocitta dixi, Corvus cf. brachyrhynchos¹, Corvus cf. ossifragus cf. Pica pica¹ Linnaeus 1758 Eurasian magpie cf. Protocitta dixi Brodkorb 1957 jay Corvus cf. brachyrhynchos¹ Brehm 1822 American crow Corvus cf. ossifragus Wilson 1812 fish crow
Passeriformes - Icteridae	"Icterinae indet." = Icteridae¹ "Icterinae indet." = Icteridae¹ Vigors 1825 perching bird
Accipitriformes - Pandionidae	Pandion haliaetus¹ Pandion haliaetus¹ Linnaeus 1758 osprey
Accipitriformes - Accipitridae	Accipiter cooperii, Aquila chrysaetos¹, Buteo sp., Buteo cf. jamaicensis¹, Buteo swainsoni¹, Buteo lineatus, Spizaetus grinnelli, Haliaeetus leucocephalus Accipiter cooperii Bonaparte 1828 Cooper's hawk Aquila chrysaetos¹ Linnaeus 1758 golden eagle Buteo sp. de Lacepède 1799 hawk Buteo cf. jamaicensis¹ Gmelin 1788 red-tailed hawk Buteo swainsoni¹ Bonaparte 1838 Swainson's hawk or could be B. lagopus Buteo lineatus Gmelin 1788 red-shouldered hawk Spizaetus grinnelli Miller 1911 hawk-eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus Linnaeus 1766 bald eagle
Galliformes - Phasianidae	Meleagris gallopavo Meleagris gallopavo Linnaeus 1758 wild turkey
Galliformes - Odontophoridae	Colinus virginianus Colinus virginianus Linnaeus 1758 northern bobwhite
Falconiformes - Falconidae	Falco sparverius¹, Falco cf. columbarius, Falco cf. peregrinus, Polyborus plancus, "Milvago readei" = Milvago chimachima Falco sparverius¹ Linnaeus 1758 American kestrel Falco cf. columbarius Linnaeus 1758 merlin Falco cf. peregrinus Tunstall 1771 Peregrine falcon Polyborus plancus Miller 1777 southern caracara "Milvago readei" = Milvago chimachima Viellot 1816 yellow-headed caracara
Falconiformes - Vulturoidae	Teratornis merriami Teratornis merriami Miller 1909 Merriam's teratorn
Reptilia
Testudines - Kinosternidae	"Kinosternidae indet." = Kinosternoidea "Kinosternidae indet." = Kinosternoidea Hay 1892 mud turtle
Testudines - Testudinidae	"Hesperotestudo incisa" = Hesperotestudo turgida, Gopherus polyphemus "Hesperotestudo incisa" = Hesperotestudo turgida Cope 1892 turtle Gopherus polyphemus Daudin 1802 Florida gopher tortoise
Testudines - Emydidae	Terrapene carolina, Pseudemys sp. Terrapene carolina Linnaeus 1758 common box turtle Pseudemys sp. Gray 1856 cooter
Mammalia
Proboscidea - Elephantidae	Mammuthus columbi Mammuthus columbi Falconer 1857 Columbian mammoth
Proboscidea - Mammutidae	Mammut americanum Mammut americanum Kerr 1792 American mastodon
Chiroptera - Vespertilionidae	Eptesicus fuscus, Nycticeius humeralis, Myotis austroriparius Eptesicus fuscus Beauvois 1796 big brown bat Nycticeius humeralis Rafinesque 1818 evening bat Myotis austroriparius Rhoads 1897 vesper bat
Chiroptera - Phyllostomidae	"Mormoops megalophylla" = Mormoops megaphylla "Mormoops megalophylla" = Mormoops megaphylla Peters 1864 leaf-nosed bat
Rodentia - Sciuridae	Sciurus carolinensis, Sciurus niger, Glaucomys volans Sciurus carolinensis Gmelin 1788 eastern gray squirrel Sciurus niger Linnaeus 1758 fox squirrel Glaucomys volans Linnaeus 1758 southern flying squirrel
Rodentia - Cricetidae	Neofiber alleni, Sigmodon hispidus, Neotoma floridana, Peromyscus polionotus, Peromyscus gossypinus², Podomys floridanus, "Pitymys pinetorum" = Microtus pinetorum, Oryzomys palustris Neofiber alleni True 1884 round-tailed muskrat Sigmodon hispidus Say and Ord 1825 hispid cotton rat Neotoma floridana Ord 1818 eastern woodrat Peromyscus polionotus Wagner 1843 oldfield mouse Peromyscus gossypinus² Le Conte 1853 cotton mouse Podomys floridanus Chapman 1889 Florida mouse "Pitymys pinetorum" = Microtus pinetorum Le Conte 1830 woodland vole Oryzomys palustris Harlan 1837 marsh rice rat
Rodentia - Geomyidae	Geomys pinetis Geomys pinetis Rafinesque 1817 southeastern pocket gopher
Lagomorpha - Leporidae	Sylvilagus floridanus Sylvilagus floridanus Allen 1890 eastern cottontail
Theriamorpha - Talpidae	Scalopus aquaticus Scalopus aquaticus Linnaeus 1758 eastern mole
Theriamorpha - Soricidae	Cryptotis parva Cryptotis parva Say 1823 North American least shrew
Carnivora - Ursidae	Tremarctos floridanus, Ursus americanus Tremarctos floridanus Gidley 1928 Florida cave bear MNI=9 Ursus americanus Pallas 1780 black bear
Carnivora - Mustelidae	"Lontra canadensis" = Lontra canadensis, "Lutra canadensis" = Lontra canadensis² "Lontra canadensis" = Lontra canadensis Schreber 1776 North American river otter "Lutra canadensis" = Lontra canadensis² Schreber 1776 North American river otter
Carnivora - Procyonidae	Procyon lotor Procyon lotor Linnaeus 1758 raccoon
Carnivora - Mephitidae	Mephitis mephitis, Spilogale putorius Mephitis mephitis Schreber 1776 striped skunk Spilogale putorius Linnaeus 1758 eastern spotted skunk
Carnivora - Felidae	Smilodon fatalis, Lynx rufus, Puma concolor, Panthera onca, "Panthera atrox" = Panthera leo atrox Smilodon fatalis Leidy 1868 saber-toothed cat Lynx rufus Schreber 1777 bobcat Puma concolor Linnaeus 1771 puma Panthera onca Linnaeus 1758 jaguar "Panthera atrox" = Panthera leo atrox Leidy 1853 lion
Carnivora - Canidae	Urocyon cinereoargenteus, Canis latrans, "Canis dirus" = Aenocyon dirus Urocyon cinereoargenteus Schreber 1775 gray fox Canis latrans Say 1823 coyote "Canis dirus" = Aenocyon dirus Leidy 1858 dire wolf MNI=42
Artiodactyla - Bovidae	Bison antiquus Bison antiquus Leidy 1852 bison
Artiodactyla - Cervidae	Odocoileus virginianus Odocoileus virginianus Zimmermann 1780 white-tailed deer
Artiodactyla - Tayassuidae	Platygonus compressus, Mylohyus nasutus Platygonus compressus Leconte 1848 peccary Mylohyus nasutus Leidy 1868 peccary MNI=75 adults and 24 juveniles
Artiodactyla - Camelidae	Palaeolama mirifica, Hemiauchenia macrocephala Palaeolama mirifica Simpson 1929 stout-legged llama Hemiauchenia macrocephala Cope 1893 camel
Perissodactyla - Equidae	Equus sp. Equus sp. Linnaeus 1758 horse 2 species reported based on size
Cingulata - Pampatheriidae	Holmesina septentrionalis Holmesina septentrionalis Leidy 1889 edentate
Cingulata - Dasypodidae	Dasypus bellus Dasypus bellus Simpson 1929 beautiful armadillo
- Mylodontidae	Paramylodon harlani Paramylodon harlani Owen 1840 Harlan's ground sloth
Didelphimorphia - Didelphidae	Didelphis virginiana Didelphis virginiana Kerr 1792 Virginia opossum

¹Emslie 1998; ²Morgan 2002