Grillental (Miocene of Namibia)

Also known as Sperrgebiet

Where: Karas, Namibia (27.0° S, 15.3° E: paleocoordinates 27.9° S, 12.8° E)

• coordinate stated in text

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Elisabeth Bay Formation, Early/Lower Miocene (23.0 - 16.0 Ma)

• The fossiliferous beds were assigned to the Elisabeth Bay Formation by Greenman (1966, unpubl. MSc thesis) but this unit, as originally defined, is penetrated by a major unconformity comprising a hiatus of about 15 Ma (Pickford & Senut, 1999, p. 61 & 76). The name Elisabeth Bay Formation here refers only to the lower, fluvial part of the series which is of Lower Miocene age (Pickford & Senut, 1999, p. 76).

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: fluvial; siliciclastic sediments

• The Miocene sediments of the Grillental localities have been deposited in an incised valley that was cut into the pre-Miocene bedrock of the Namib Coastal Plain during the late Oligocene or earliest Miocene, "when the sea level was appreciably lower than it is today." Incised valley and Miocene deposits represent the so-called Proto-Kaukausib drainage system (Pickford & Senut, 1999, fig. 4-2/p. 62).

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collected by M. Pickford and B. Senut in the 1990s, 2000s

• The squamate material listed by Rage (2008) was collected by Martin Pickford and Brigitte Senut in the course of the Namibia Paleontology Expedition (NPE) in the 1990s and 2000s and is reposited in the Geological Survey of Namibia in Windhoek.

Primary reference: J.-C. Rage. 2008. Squamate reptiles from the Lower Miocene of the Sperrgebiet, Namibia. In M. Pickford and B. Senut (eds.), Geology and palaeobiology of the northern Sperrgebiet, Namibia. Memoir of the Geological Survey of Namibia (Ministry of Mines and Energy, Windhoek) 20:93-103 [J. Mueller/T. Liebrecht]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 168036: authorized by Johannes Mueller, entered by Torsten Liebrecht on 13.04.2015, edited by Richard Butler, Evangelos Vlachos and Patricia Holroyd

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Reptilia
 Squamata -
Scolecophidia indet. snake
1 trunk vertebra (GT 36’97p)
 Squamata - Colubridae
"Colubrinae" indet. Oppel 1811 colubrid snake
1 trunk vertebra (GT 36’97)
Natricinae indet. Bonaparte 1838 colubrid snake
1 trunk vertebra (GT 139’04), from "GT Quarry"
 Squamata - Boidae
Boidae indet. Gray 1825 boa
4 teeth (GT 36’97n), 3 vertebrae of juveniles (GT 36’97m), 1 caudal vertebra (GT 36’97t)
 Squamata -
Lacertilia "unidentified gen. et sp. 1" lizard
1 fragment of dentigerous bone (GT 36’97m)
Lacertilia indet. lizard
1 trunk vertebra (GT 36’97n)
Amphisbaenia indet. worm lizard
2 incomplete trunk vertebrae
 Testudines - Testudinidae
Namibchersus cf. namaquensis1 Stromer 1926 turtle
Mammalia
 Creodonta - Hyainailouridae
Isohyaenodon sp.2 Savage 1965 creodont
EF 208’01, left P4/
 Creodonta - Hyaenodontidae
Hyaenodontidae "unnamed species"2 Leidy 1869 creodont
GT 53’06, GT 58’06, "Hyainailouros or Megistotherium indet."
 Carnivora - Amphicyonidae
Ysengrinia sp.2 Ginsburg 1965 bear-dog
GT 4’04: right Mt IV.
 Carnivora - Nimravidae
Afrosmilus africanus2 Andrews 1914 false sabre-tooth
GT 77’07 left Mt II; GT 79’07, left scapholunar
 Carnivora - Viverridae
Leptoplesictis senutae n. sp.2 Morales et al. 2008 civet
GT6 - 1’06 right mandible with p/1-m/2.
 Artiodactyla - Anthracotheriidae
Brachyodus depereti3 Fourtau 1918 anthracothere
unnumbered South African Museum