I-75 (Oligocene of the United States)

Where: Alachua County, Florida (29.6° N, 82.4° W: paleocoordinates 29.7° N, 75.8° W)

• coordinate based on political unit

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: Whitneyan (33.3 - 30.8 Ma)

• "The absence of mammals from I-75 that are clearly indicative of the Arikareean (e.g., Nanotragulus) favors a Whitneyan age, probably late Whitneyan (about 30–31 Ma; Prothero and Emry, 2004)" (Morgan et al. 2019)

•"the greatest depth of the deposit... is probably not more than 6 feet"

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: sinkhole; poorly lithified, black, silty, sandy claystone

• "in a small, shallow sinkhole developed in the irregular surface of the Ocala Limestone (Late Eocene)"
• "a massive, dark-brown to black, silty and slightly sandy clay. The clay is well consolidated in place but is readily friable when excavated... Dispersed throughout the deposit are small, crumbly cobbles of weathered Ocala limestone and some isolated invertebrate fossils from that formation"

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collected by M. Kontrovitz, T. H. Patton in 1965; reposited in the FLMNH

Collection methods: bulk, sieve,

• "recovery of most of the specimens was accomplished by means of washing and screening techniques"

Primary reference: T. H. Patton. 1969. An Oligocene land vertebrate fauna from Florida. Journal of Paleontology 43(2):543-546 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 17341: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 18.02.1993, edited by Jason Head, Patricia Holroyd, Philip Mannion and Bethany Allen

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• "several sharks and fishes" may have been reworked from the Ocala Limestone; Ostrea normalis is in a "bar immediately above the bone-bearing beds"
Actinopteri
 Tetraodontiformes - Diodontidae
Diodon sp. Linnaeus 1758
 Acanthomorphata - Sciaenidae
Sciaenidae indet. Cuvier 1828
 Acanthopteri - Sphyraenidae
Sphyraena sp. Artedi 1793 barracuda
Aves
  -
Aves indet. Linnaeus 1758 bird
Reptilia
 Crocodylia - Alligatoridae
Alligatoridae indet.4 Gray 1844 crocodilian
UF 16729
 Squamata -
Peltosaurus sp. Cope 1873 squamates
 Squamata - Amphisbaenidae
 Squamata - Iguanidae
Iguanidae indet. Oppel 1811 squamates
 Squamata - Boidae
Boidae indet. Gray 1825 boa
"three kinds"
Calamagras platyspondyla8 Holman 1976 dwarf boa
Geringophis indet.8 Holman 1976 sand boa
Geringophis robustus n. sp.8 Holman and Harrison 2001 sand boa
Totlandophis americanus n. sp.8 Holman and Harrison 2001 boa
 Squamata -
Conantophis alachuaensis n. gen. n. sp.7 Holman and Harrison 2000 snake
Colubroidea indet.8 Oppel 1811 snake
 Squamata - Colubridae
Colubridae indet. Oppel 1811 colubrid snake
"two kinds"
Floridaophis auffenbergi n. gen. n. sp.6 Holman 1999 colubrid snake
Nebraskophis oligocenicus n. sp.6 colubrid snake
 Testudines - Emydidae
Emydinae indet.1 Rafinesque 1815 turtle
 Testudines - Testudinidae
Floridemys sp. Williams 1950 turtle
Mammalia
 Theriamorpha - Herpetotheriidae
Herpetotherium sp.5 Cope 1873 marsupial
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Miohippus sp.5 Marsh 1874 anchitheriine horse
 Artiodactyla - Protoceratidae
? Protoceratidae indet. Marsh 1891 protoceratid
 Artiodactyla - Hypertragulidae
Nanotragulus sp. Lull 1922 ruminant
not listed by Hayes 2000
 Artiodactyla - Tayassuidae
Tayassuidae indet. Palmer 1897 peccary
 Artiodactyla - Merycoidodontidae
Merycoidodontidae indet. Cook 1912 oreodont
"Oreodonta (two kinds present)"
 Carnivora - Palaeogalidae
? Palaeogale sp. von Meyer 1846 carnivoran
not listed by Hayes 2000
 Carnivora - Amphicyonidae
? Daphoenus sp. Leidy 1853 bear-dog
 Theriamorpha -
Soricoidea indet. Gill 1872 placental
 Rodentia - Cricetidae
Cricetidae indet. Fischer von Waldheim 1817 mouse
"at least two kinds"
 Rodentia - Eomyidae
Eomyidae indet. Winge 1887 rodent
 Rodentia - Heteromyidae
Heteromyidae indet. Gray 1868 rodent
 Rodentia - Eutypomyidae
? Eutypomyidae indet. Miller and Gidley 1918 rodent
 Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Leporidae indet. Fischer de Waldheim 1817 rabbit
 Chiroptera - Phyllostomidae
"Phyllostomatidae indet." = Phyllostomidae3
"Phyllostomatidae indet." = Phyllostomidae3 Gray 1825 leaf-nosed bat
 Chiroptera - Mormoopidae
Koopmanycteris palaeomormoops10 Morgan et al. 2019 ghost-faced bat
said to be new
 Chiroptera - Vespertilionidae
Vespertilionidae indet.9 Gray 1821 vesper bat
 Chiroptera - Natalidae
Natalidae indet.9 Gray 1866 funnel-eared bat
 Chiroptera - Emballonuridae
Emballonuridae "indet. A"9 Dobson 1875 sac-winged bat
said to be new
Emballonuridae "indet. B"9 Dobson 1875 sac-winged bat
said to be new
Amphibia
 Salientia - Rhinophrynidae
Rhinophrynus sp.2 Dumeril and Bibron 1841 burrowing toad
 Salientia - Pelobatidae
Scaphiopus sp. Holbrook 1836 spadefoot toad
 Salientia - Bufonidae
Bufo sp. Laurenti 1768 toad
 Caudata - Urodela
Sirenidae indet. Gray 1825 siren
Chondrichthyes
 Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae
Myliobatis sp. Cuvier 1816 eagle ray
 Euselachiformes -
Batoidei indet. elasmobranch
 Carcharhiniformes - Hemigaleidae
Hemipristis cf. wyattdurhami White 1956 ground shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Sphyrnidae
Sphyrna sp. Rafinesque 1810 hammerhead shark
two forms, one "probably new"
 Carcharhiniformes - Carcharhinidae
Carcharhinus sp. de Blainville 1816 requiem shark
two forms, one "probably new"
Negaprion sp. Whitley 1940 lemon shark
"Galeocerdo triqueter" = Physodon triqueter Eastman 1904 requiem shark
 Lamniformes - Lamnidae
Carcharodon auriculatus Blainville 1818 white shark
"Isurus hastalis" = Carcharodon hastalis Agassiz 1838 white shark
 Lamniformes - Otodontidae
"Odontaspis cf. macrota" = Otodus macrotus
"Odontaspis cf. macrota" = Otodus macrotus Agassiz 1838 mackerel shark