Where: Grant County, Indiana (40.5° N, 85.8° W: paleocoordinates 40.6° N, 84.5° W)
• coordinate stated in text
When: Late/Upper Hemphillian to Late/Upper Hemphillian (10.3 - 4.9 Ma)
• said to be late Hemphillian to early Blancan
Environment/lithology: terrestrial
Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils
Primary reference: J. O. Farlow, J. A. Sunderman, J. J. Havens, A. L. Swinehart, J. A. Holman, R. L. Richards, N. G. Miller, R. A. Martin, R. M. Hunt, Jr., G. W. Storrs, B. B. Curry, R. H. Fluegeman, M. R. Dawson and M. E. T. Flint. 2001. The Pipe Creek Sinkhole biota, a diverse late Tertiary continental fossil assemblage from Grant County, Indiana. American Midland Naturalist 145(2):367-378 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]more details
PaleoDB collection 18320: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 15.05.2002
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
unclassified | |
Musci | |
Bryum sp. Hedwig 1801 | |
Angiospermae | |
| |
Caryophyllales indet. Berchtold and Presl 1820 | |
Polygonum sp. Linnaeus 1753 knotweed
Rumex sp. Linnaeus 1753 dock | |
"Compositae indet." = Asteraceae, Xanthium sp.
"Compositae indet." = Asteraceae Berchtold and Presl 1820 daisy
Xanthium sp. Linnaeus 1753 cocklebur | |
Boraginaceae indet. de Jussieu 1789 borage | |
Platanus occidentalis Linnaeus 1753 plane tree | |
Potentilla sp. Linnaeus 1753 cinquefoil | |
cf. Comptonia sp. L'Héritier de Brutelle 1789 | |
Fagus cf. grandifolia beech | |
Carya sp. Nuttall 1818 hickory | |
Populus cf. deltoides Marshall 1785 poplar
Salix sp. Linnaeus 1753 willow | |
Acer sp. Linnaeus 1753 maple | |
Vitis sp. Linnaeus 1753 grapevine | |
Dicotyledoneae | |
cf. Lyonia sp. heather | |
Angiospermae | |
Potamogeton sp. Linnaeus 1753 pondweed | |
Verbena | |
Verbena sp. Linnaeus 1753 | |
Chara sp. Linnaeus 1753 stonewort | |
Actinopteri | |
Amphibia | |
Plethodontidae indet. Gray 1850 lungless salamander | |
Rana cf. catesbeiana Shaw 1802 American bullfrog | |
Bufo sp. Laurenti 1768 toad | |
Reptilia | |
Paleoheterodon tiheni, Paracoluber storei, Coluber constrictor, Elaphe sp., Nerodia sp., Nerodia cf. erythrogaster, Thamnophis sp.
Paleoheterodon tiheni Holman 1964 colubrid snake
Paracoluber storei colubrid snake
Coluber constrictor Linnaeus 1758 black racer
Elaphe sp. Wagler 1833 colubrid snake
Nerodia sp. Baird and Girard 1853 water snake
Nerodia cf. erythrogaster Clark 1903 plain-bellied water snake
Thamnophis sp. Fitzinger 1843 garter snake | |
Aves | |
| |
Reptilia | |
Hesperotestudo sp. Williams 1950 turtle | |
Emydoidea cf. blandingii Holbrook 1838 Blanding's turtle
Trachemys cf. scripta Schoepff 1792 slider
Chrysemys cf. picta Schneider 1783 painted turtle | |
Chelydra cf. serpentina Linnaeus 1758 Common snapping turtle | |
Mammalia | |
Spermophilus sp. Cuvier 1825 ground squirrel
Spermophilus howelli Hibbard 1941 ground squirrel | |
Ogmodontomys pipecreekensis n. sp., Pliophenacomys koenigswaldi n. sp., Symmetrodontomys daamsi n. sp., Bensonomys hershkovitzi n. sp.
Ogmodontomys pipecreekensis n. sp. Martin et al. 2002 mouse
Pliophenacomys koenigswaldi n. sp. Martin et al. 2002 mouse
Symmetrodontomys daamsi n. sp. Martin et al. 2002 mouse
Bensonomys hershkovitzi n. sp. Martin et al. 2002 mouse | |
| |
Geomys cf. adamsi Hibbard 1967 pocket gopher | |
Hypolagus cf. fontinalis Dawson 1958 rabbit | |
Talpidae indet. Fischer de Waldheim 1817 mole | |
Plionarctos edensis Frick 1926 bear | |
cf. Canis sp. Linnaeus 1758 canine
Borophagus sp. Cope 1892 bone-crushing dog
Vulpes sp. Frisch 1775 fox | |
| |
| |
cf. Aepycamelus sp. Macdonald 1956 camel
cf. Hemiauchenia sp. Gervais and Ameghino 1880 camel | |
Teleoceras sp. Hatcher 1894 rhinoceros | |
Gastropoda | |
Gastropoda indet. Cuvier 1795 snail | |
Ostracoda | |
Cypridopsis aff. okeechobei ostracod
Cypridopsis cf. vidua ostracod | |
Candona cf. crogmaniana ostracod
Candona aff. elliptica ostracod | |
Insecta | |
Coleoptera indet. Linnaeus 1758 beetle |