Panakiwuk site, New Ireland (Pleistocene to of Papua New Guinea)

Where: Papua New Guinea (2.8° S, 151.2° E: paleocoordinates 2.8° S, 151.2° E)

• coordinate estimated from map

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Late/Upper Pleistocene to Late/Upper Pleistocene (0.1 - 0.0 Ma)

• Panakiwuk was first occupied at 15,000–14,000 B.P. [approximate age, based on calibrated radiocarbon (14C) dates], but occupation seems to have been sporadic. The major archaeological deposits date from 10,000 B.P. to 8,000 B.P. The site was abandoned for most of the Holocene epoch, with minor reoccupation after 1,600 B.P.

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: cave; siliciclastic sediments

Size class: macrofossils

Primary reference: D. W. Steadman, J. P. White, and J. Allen. 1999. Prehistoric birds from New Ireland, Papua New Guinea: extinctions on a large Melanesian island. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 96:2563-2568 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]more details

Purpose of describing collection: archaeological analysis

PaleoDB collection 194693: authorized by Matthew Clapham, entered by Matthew Clapham on 26.06.2018

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Aves
 Galliformes - Megapodiidae
Megapodius "n. sp." Gaimard 1823 scrubfowl
 Caprimulgiformes - Apodidae
Collocalia esculenta Linnaeus 1758 glossy swiftlet
 Cuculiformes - Cuculidae
Cacomantis variolosus Vigors and Horsfield 1827 brush cuckoo
 Psittaciformes - Psittaculidae
Lorius sp. Vigors 1825 lory
Loriinae indet. Selby 1836 parrot
 Columbiformes - Columbidae
Columbidae "indet. small" Illiger 1811 dove
Macropygia amboinensis Linnaeus 1766 Amboyna cuckoo-dove
Ptilinopus sp. Swainson 1825 fruit dove
Ptilinopus rivoli Prévost 1843 white-breasted fruit-dove
Chalcophaps stephani Pucheran 1853 Stephan's dove
"Gallicolumba jobiensis" = Alopecoenas jobiensis Meyer 1875 white-bibbed ground-dove
 Gruiformes - Rallidae
Rallidae "indet. 1" Vigors 1825 rail
Rallus/Gallirallus sp. (medium rail)
Rallidae "indet. 2" Vigors 1825 rail
Rallidae sp. (medium rail)
"Amaurornis olivaceus" = Amaurornis olivacea Meyen 1834 plain bush-hen
"Poliolimnas cinereus" = Amaurornis cinerea Vieillot 1819 white-browed crake
Gallirallus "n. sp." Lafresnaye 1841 rail
Gallirallus cf. philippensis Linnaeus 1766 buff-banded rail
Porphyrio "n. sp." Brisson 1760 rail
 Passeriformes -
Passeriformes "indet. 3" Linnaeus 1758 perching bird
large songbird
Passeriformes "indet. 4" Linnaeus 1758 perching bird
medium/large songbird
Passeriformes "indet. 5" Linnaeus 1758 perching bird
medium songbird
Passeriformes "idet. 6" Linnaeus 1758 perching bird
small/medium songbird