Monastery Ravine, Volga River ('Third' Formation) (Permian of Russian Federation)

Where: Russian Federation (55.0° N, 48.9° E: paleocoordinates 27.7° N, 43.3° E)

• coordinate estimated from map

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: 'Third' Formation, Wordian (268.8 - 265.1 Ma)

• Mostly Urzhumian beds; the upper 12m of the Third Formation are Severodvinian (Nurgaliev et al. 2015)

Environment/lithology: marine; sandstone and siltstone

• "The Third Formation is distinct in the predominance of sandstones and siltstones in the succession. Carbonate beds are rare and thin. Reddish-brown shales and siltstones are most widespread and are usually intercalated by thick lenses of yellowish-brown, obliquely laminated sandstones. Carbonate rocks are represented by grey, nodular, and muddy limestones and marls. The cyclicity of the formation is distinct.

•Different levels within the formation contain the remains of non-marine bivalves, ostracods, conchostracans, fishes and tetrapods, and the imprints and fragments of plants. Grey and brown siltstones 1-1.5m above the base of the formation contain coaly remains of the trunks of plants.

•The bed of reddish-brown and greenish-grey siltstone eight metres higher than the previous one contains ostracods, bivalves, rare scales of fishes, and rare amphibian vertebrae. The argillaceous limestone four metres above contains ostracods, the remains of complete fishes, a few small bivalves and conchostracans." (Nurgaliev et al. 2015)

Size class: macrofossils

Primary reference: D. K. Nurgaliev, V. V. Silantiev, and S. V. Nikolaeva. 2015. Type and reference sections of the Middle and Upper Permian of the Volga and Kama River Regions: A Field Guidebook of XVIII International Congress on Carboniferous and Permian. 1-208 [A. Dunhill/B. Allen/P. Wagner]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 197595: authorized by Alex Dunhill, entered by Bethany Allen on 17.11.2018

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• "This section was repeatedly studied in the course of stratigraphic, lithological (Forsh, 1963, Sementovsky, 1973; Gusev, 1996b,1998b), paleomagnetic (Khramov, 1963, Burov and Boronin, 1977, Gialanella, 1997), and paleontological (Silantiev and Esin, 1993; Esaulova, 1998d, 1999; Esaulova et al., 1998; Larochkina and Silantiev, 2007) works. Recent studies, carried out on the section, revealed a new sedimentological and geochemical features (Arefiev and Silantiev, 2014), clarified the paleomagnetic data (Westfahl, 2005, Balabanov, 2014; Balabanov et al., 2009), allowed supplementing the data on tetrapods, fish and plants (Bulanov, 2014, Minikh and Minikh, 2009, Naugolnykh, 2007 and others), helped to identify and describe the paleosol profiles (Inozemtsev et al., 2011, Mouraviev et al., 2015)." (Nurgaliev et al. 2015)
Equisetopsida
 Sphenophyllales -
Sphenopsida
  -
Paracalamites frigidus
Basal siltstones
Bivalvia
 Actinodontida - Palaeomutelidae
Palaeomutela marposadica clam
Middle siltstones
Palaeomutela sp. Amalitsky 1892 clam
Upper limestones
Palaeomutela subparallela Amalitsky 1892 clam
Middle siltstones
Palaeomutela numerosa Gusev 1990 clam
Middle siltstones
Palaeomutela ulemensis Gusev 1990 clam
Middle siltstones
Palaeomutela wohrmani Netschajew 1894 clam
Middle siltstones
Ostracoda
  -
Prasuchonella nasalis ostracod
Middle siltstones; upper limestones
Prasuchonella cf. stelmachovi ostracod
Middle siltstones
Paleodarwinula elongata ostracod
Middle siltstones; upper limestones
Paleodarwinula chramovi ostracod
Middle siltstones
Paleodarwinula teodorovichi ostracod
Middle siltstones
Paleodarwinula fainae ostracod
Middle siltstones
Branchiopoda
 Diplostraca -
Conchostraca indet. Sars 1867 clam shrimp
Upper limestones
Chondrichthyes
 Xenacanthiformes - Xenosynechodontidae
Xenosynechodus sp. Gluckman 1980 elasmobranch
Upper limestones
Osteichthyes
 Elonichthyiformes - Varialepididae
Varialepis bergi Minikh 1986 ray-finned fish
Upper limestones
Varialepis orientalis Eichwald 1860 ray-finned fish
Middle siltstones; upper limestones
 Batrachomorpha -
Batrachomorpha indet. Säve-Söderbergh 1934 lobe-finned fish
Bed M08/~38
Amphibia
 Amphibia -
Amphibia indet. tetrapod
Middle siltstones
 Temnospondyli -
Archegosauroidea indet. von Meyer 1857 tetrapod
Bed M08/~38
Osteichthyes
 Therapsida -
Therapsida indet. Broom 1905 therapsid
Bed M08/~38
Reptilia
 Diapsida -
Diapsida indet. Osborn 1903 diapsid
Bed M08/~38
 Parareptilia -
Kinelia sp. Bulanov 2002 parareptile
Bed M08/~38
Osteichthyes
 Seymouriamorpha - Karpinskiosauridae
Karpinskiosaurus sp. Sushkin 1926 tetrapod
Bed M08/~38
 Seymouriamorpha - Kotlassidae
Leptoropha sp. Chudinov 1955 tetrapod
Bed M08/~38
 Palaeonisciformes - Platysomidae
Kargalichthys efremovi Minikh 1986
Upper limestones
Platysomus biarmicus Von Eichwald 1861
Upper limestones
 Palaeonisciformes -
Amblypterina sp. Berg 1940
Middle siltstones; upper limestones
Amblypterina costata Eichwald 1860
Upper limestones
 Palaeonisciformes - Palaeoniscidae
Palaeoniscum curtum
Upper limestones