PBDB Collection

Swartkrans - Member 5 (Pleistocene of South Africa)

Also known as ETE Locality 647, Swartkrans - Member 5,

Where: South Africa (26.0° S, 27.7° E: paleocoordinates 26.2° S, 27.6° E)

When: 15 Member (Swartkrans Formation), Pleistocene (2.6 - 0.0 Ma)

• ETE dating method: absolute, ETE age comment: dates from Antidorcas bondi bones radiometric intage_max, radiometric intage_min

Environment/lithology:

• ETE sed env 1: ., ETE sed env 2: . ETE event: ., ETE env comment: storm-water entering cave carr. sed. eroded f/hill

• ETE rock type adj: 0, ETE lithology comments: lightly calcified deposit that partially fills an erosional space surr. a massive stalagmite mass on NW side of cave

Collection methods: quarrying

• ETE Size: both; ETE reference list: 485, 484, 482, 481, 480, 479, 478, 477, 456, 454, 445, 121, ; ETE museum list: TM

Primary reference: C. K. Brain. 1993. Swartkrans: A Cave's Chronicle of Early Man. Transvaal Museum Monograph Transvaal Museum. Pretoria 8 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Kosnik]more details

PaleoDB collection 21829: authorized by Anna Behrensmeyer, entered by Anna Behrensmeyer on 17.10.1995, edited by Richard Potts and John Damuth

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

Amphibia
-	Amphibia indet. Amphibia indet. Linnaeus 1758 tetrapod ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: frog/toad
Reptilia
-	Reptilia indet. Reptilia indet. Laurenti 1768 reptile ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Reptilia
Aves
-	Aves indet., Aves indet., Aves indet., Aves indet. Aves indet. Linnaeus 1758 bird ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Aves size II Aves indet. Linnaeus 1758 bird ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Aves size I Aves indet. Linnaeus 1758 bird ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Aves size III Aves indet. Linnaeus 1758 bird ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Aves size IV
Struthioniformes - Struthionidae	Struthio sp. Struthio sp. Linnaeus 1758 ostrich
Ciconiiformes - Plataleidae	Plataleidae indet. Plataleidae indet. Bonaparte 1838 spoonbill ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: ibis
Mammalia
-	Mammalia indet., Mammalia indet., Mammalia indet. Mammalia indet. Linnaeus 1758 mammal ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Mammalia Mammalia indet. Linnaeus 1758 mammal ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Carnivora Mammalia indet. Linnaeus 1758 mammal ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Lagomorpha
Hyracoidea - Procaviidae	Procavia transvaalensis, Procavia capensis Procavia transvaalensis Shaw 1937 Cape hyrax Procavia capensis Pallas 1766 Cape hyrax
Carnivora - Canidae	Canidae indet., Canidae indet., "Canis cf. mesomelas" = Lupulella mesomelas Canidae indet. Fischer de Waldheim 1817 canid ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Canidae-small Canidae indet. Fischer de Waldheim 1817 canid ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Canidae "Canis cf. mesomelas" = Lupulella mesomelas Schreber 1775 black-backed jackal
Carnivora - Viverridae	Viverridae indet., Viverridae indet. Viverridae indet. Gray 1821 civet ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: mongoose Viverridae indet. Gray 1821 civet ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Viverridae
Carnivora - Herpestidae	Suricata suricatta Suricata suricatta Schreber 1776 meerkat
Carnivora - Hyaenidae	Hyaenidae indet., Proteles cristatus Hyaenidae indet. Gray 1821 hyaena ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Hyaenidae Proteles cristatus Sparrman 1783 aardwolf
Carnivora - Felidae	Panthera pardus Panthera pardus Linnaeus 1758 leopard
Perissodactyla - Equidae	Equus capensis, "Equus burchelli" = Equus quagga burchelli Equus capensis Broom 1909 horse "Equus burchelli" = Equus quagga burchelli Gray 1824 Burchell's zebra
Artiodactyla - Suidae	Phacochoerus sp., "cf. Tapinochoerus meadowsi" = Metridiochoerus Phacochoerus sp. Cuvier 1826 warthog "cf. Tapinochoerus meadowsi" = Metridiochoerus pig
Artiodactyla - Bovidae	Bovidae indet., Bovidae indet., Bovidae indet., Bovidae indet., Bovidae indet., Bovidae indet., Bovidae indet., "Antidorcas bondi" = Gazella bondi, Raphicerus campestris, Pelea sp., Hippotragus cf. niger, Damaliscus sp., Connochaetes sp., Beatragus sp., Megalotragus sp., Redunca cf. arundinum, Antidorcas sp., "Antidorcas australis" = Antidorcas marsupialis australis, Taurotragus oryx, Syncerus sp. Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae size I Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: alcelaphine Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae size II Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae size III Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae size IV Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Hippo./Reduncini Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae "Antidorcas bondi" = Gazella bondi Cooke and Wells 1951 gazelle Raphicerus campestris Thunberg 1811 steenbok Pelea sp. Gray 1851 antelope Hippotragus cf. niger Harris 1838 sable antelope Damaliscus sp. Sclater and Thomas 1894 antelope Connochaetes sp. Lichtenstein 1812 wildebeest Beatragus sp. Heller 1912 hirola ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: or Alcelaphus Megalotragus sp. van Hoepen 1932 antelope Redunca cf. arundinum Boddaert 1785 southern reedbuck Antidorcas sp. Sundevall 1847 springbok "Antidorcas australis" = Antidorcas marsupialis australis Hendey and Hendey 1968 springbok ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: or marsupialis Taurotragus oryx Pallas 1766 common eland Syncerus sp. Hodgson 1847 African buffalo
Rodentia - Hystricidae	Hystrix africaeaustralis Hystrix africaeaustralis Peters 1852 Cape porcupine
Rodentia - Pedetidae	Pedetes sp. Pedetes sp. Illiger 1811 springhaas
Primates - Hominidae	Homo sapiens Homo sapiens Linnaeus 1758 human
Primates - Cercopithecidae	Cercopithecidae indet., Papio ursinus Cercopithecidae indet. Gray 1821 monkey ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Cercopithecidae Papio ursinus Kerr 1792 baboon