PBDB Collection

Koilabas (Miocene of Nepal)

Where: Nepal (27.7° N, 82.5° E: paleocoordinates 21.9° N, 82.5° E)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Lower Churia Formation (Siwalik Group), Miocene (23.0 - 5.3 Ma)

• member-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: fluvial; sandstone

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: mold/impression

Primary reference: M. Prasad. 2008. Angiospermous fossil leaves from the Siwalik foreland basins and their palaeoclimatic implications. The Palaeobotanist 57:177-215 [B. Allen/B. Allen]more details

Purpose of describing collection: biostratigraphic analysis

PaleoDB collection 222898: authorized by Bethany Allen, entered by Bethany Allen on 28.10.2021

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

Angiospermae
Laurales - Lauraceae	Cinnamomum mioinuctum Cinnamomum mioinuctum Prasad 1990 cinnamon
Lamiales - Oleaceae	Anacolosa mioluzoniensis Anacolosa mioluzoniensis Prasad 1994
Lamiales - Verbenaceae	Vitex prenegundo, Vitex siwalica Vitex prenegundo Prasad 1990 chaste tree Vitex siwalica Prasad 1990 chaste tree
Gentianales - Rubiaceae	Morinda siwalica, Nauclea seriaensis, Canthium siwalica, Randia miowallichii, Randia miouncaria Morinda siwalica Prasad 1994 coffee Nauclea seriaensis Prasad and Dwivedi 2007 coffee Canthium siwalica Prasad and Dwivedi 2007 coffee Randia miowallichii Prasad 1990 indigoberry Randia miouncaria Prasad and Dwivedi 2007 indigoberry
Gentianales - Apocynaceae	Tabernaemontana precoronaria, Alyxia koilabasensis n. sp., Carissa koilabasensis n. sp., Alstonia nepalensis Tabernaemontana precoronaria Prasad 1990 milkwood Alyxia koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad and Dwivedi 2007 dogbane Carissa koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad 1994 dogbane Alstonia nepalensis Prasad and Dwivedi 2007 dogbane
Gentianales - Loganiaceae	Gaertnera siwalica Gaertnera siwalica Prasad 1990
Dipsacales - Caprifoliaceae	Lonicera mioquinquelocularis Lonicera mioquinquelocularis Prasad 1990 honeysuckle
Dilleniales - Dilleniaceae	Dillenia palaeoindica Dillenia palaeoindica Prasad and Prakash 1984
Violales - Flacourtiaceae	Gynocardia mioodorata, Ryparosa prekunstelri, Flacourtia koilabasensis n. sp., Flacourtia seriaensis Gynocardia mioodorata Prasad et al. 2004 Ryparosa prekunstelri Prasad 1990 Flacourtia koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad and Dwivedi 2008 Flacourtia seriaensis Prasad et al. 1997
Solanales - Solanaceae	Datura miocenica Datura miocenica Prasad 1990 thorn apple
Proteales - Proteaceae	Helicia eoerretica Helicia eoerretica Prasad et al. 1999
Proteales - Sabiaceae	Sabia eopaniculata, Sabia siwalica Sabia eopaniculata Prasad 1994 Sabia siwalica Dwivedi et al. 2006
Zingiberales - Marantaceae	Donax kasauliensis Donax kasauliensis Prasad and Dwivedi 2008 arrowroot
Magnoliales - Annonaceae	Melodorum jarwaensis, Uvaria siwalika, Mitrephora miocenica, Miliusa siwalica, Miliusa mioveluntina, Goniothalamus siwalicus, Anona koilabasensis n. sp., Fissistigma mioelegans, Fissistigma senii, Polyalthia palaeosumatrana Melodorum jarwaensis Tripathi et al. 2002 custard apple Uvaria siwalika Prasad 1994 custard apple Mitrephora miocenica Prasad et al. 1997 custard apple Miliusa siwalica Prasad et al. 1999 custard apple Miliusa mioveluntina Prasad et al. 1997 custard apple Goniothalamus siwalicus Prasad et al. 1997 custard apple Anona koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad et al. 1999 custard apple Fissistigma mioelegans Prasad et al. 1999 custard apple Fissistigma senii Lakhanpal 1969 custard apple Polyalthia palaeosumatrana Tripathi et al. 2002 custard apple
Fabales - Fabaceae	Cynometra palaeoiripa, Cynometra siwalika, Dalbergia miosericea, Dalbergia siwalika, Dalbergia miovolubilis, Dalbergia eucultrata, Ormosia robustoides, Entada palaeoscandens, Albizia siwalica, Canavalia siwalica, Samanea siwalica, Cassia neosophora, Cassia nepalensis, Cassia miosiamea, Pongamia kathgodamensis, Millettia palaeomanii, Millettia imlibasensis, Millettia koilabasensis n. sp., Millettia miobrandisiana, Millettia siwalica, Millettia ovatus Cynometra palaeoiripa Prasad et al. 2004 legume Cynometra siwalika Awasthi and Prasad 1990 legume Dalbergia miosericea Prasad 1990 legume Dalbergia siwalika Prasad 1994 legume Dalbergia miovolubilis Prasad et al. 1997 legume Dalbergia eucultrata Prasad et al. 1999 legume Ormosia robustoides Prasad 1990 legume Entada palaeoscandens Antal and Awasthi 1993 legume Albizia siwalica Prasad 1994 legume Canavalia siwalica Dwivedi et al. 2006 jack-beans Samanea siwalica Prasad 1994 legume Cassia neosophora Prasad 1994 legume Cassia nepalensis Prasad 1990 legume Cassia miosiamea Prasad 1994 legume Pongamia kathgodamensis Prasad et al. 2004 legume Millettia palaeomanii Dwivedi et al. 2006 legume Millettia imlibasensis Prasad et al. 1999 legume Millettia koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad 1990 legume Millettia miobrandisiana Prasad 1994 legume Millettia siwalica Prasad 1994 legume Millettia ovatus Tripathi et al. 2002 legume
Fabales - Polygalaceae	Qualea siwalica, Securidaca miocenica Qualea siwalica Prasad and Dwivedi 2008 milkwort Securidaca miocenica Prasad et al. 1997 milkwort
Rosales - Rhamnaceae	Berchemia nepalensis, Berchemia siwalica, Zizyphus miocenicus Berchemia nepalensis Prasad and Dwivedi 2008 buckthorn Berchemia siwalica Tripathi et al. 2002 buckthorn Zizyphus miocenicus Prasad 1994 buckthorn
Malpighiales - Euphorbiaceae	Phyllanthus koilabasensis n. sp., Phyllanthus mioreticulatus, Antidesma miocenica, Antidesma siwalica Phyllanthus koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad et al. 1999 spurge Phyllanthus mioreticulatus Prasad et al. 2004 spurge Antidesma miocenica Prasad and Dwivedi 2007 spurge Antidesma siwalica Prasad et al. 1999 spurge
Malpighiales - Clusiaceae	Mesua tertiara, Garcinia nepalensis, Kayea kalagarhensis Mesua tertiara Lakhanpal 1964 Garcinia nepalensis Prasad et al. 1999 Kayea kalagarhensis Prasad 1994
Cucurbitales - Anisophylleaceae	Anisophyllea siwalica Anisophyllea siwalica Prasad and Awasthi 1996
Malvales - Dipterocarpaceae	Shorea miocurtisii, Shorea eutrapizifolia, Hopea mioglabra, Isoptera siwalica, Dipterocarpus koilabasensis n. sp., Dipterocarpus siwalicus Shorea miocurtisii Prasad and Dwivedi 2008 Shorea eutrapizifolia Prasad et al. 1999 Hopea mioglabra Prasad 1994 Isoptera siwalica Prasad et al. 1999 Dipterocarpus koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad et al. 1999 Dipterocarpus siwalicus Lakhanpal and Guleria 1987
Sapindales - Sapindaceae	Euphorea nepalensis, Paranephelium seriaensis, Otophora miocenica, Nephelium palaeoglabrum, Arytera seriaensis, Filicium koilabasensis n. sp. Euphorea nepalensis Prasad 1994 soapberry Paranephelium seriaensis Prasad and Dwivedi 2008 soapberry Otophora miocenica Prasad 1994 soapberry Nephelium palaeoglabrum Prasad et al. 1997 soapberry Arytera seriaensis Prasad and Dwivedi 2008 soapberry Filicium koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad 1994 soapberry
Sapindales - Meliaceae	Chloroxylon palaeoswietenia, Aglaia nepalensis Chloroxylon palaeoswietenia Prasad 1990 mahogany Aglaia nepalensis Prasad et al. 1999 mahogany
Sapindales - Simaroubaceae	Brucea darwajensis Brucea darwajensis Prasad et al. 1999
Sapindales - Anacardiaceae	Mangifera someshwarica, Swintonia palaeoschwenckii, Bouea koilabasensis n. sp., Bouea premacrophylla, Dracontomelon seriaensis, Tapirira chorkholiense Mangifera someshwarica Lakhanpal and Awasthi 1984 mango Swintonia palaeoschwenckii Prasad and Awasthi 1996 cashew Bouea koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad 1994 cashew Bouea premacrophylla Antal and Awasthi 1993 cashew Dracontomelon seriaensis Prasad et al. 1997 cashew Tapirira chorkholiense Prasad 1994 cashew
Sapindales - Rutaceae	Euodia koilabasensis n. sp., Atalantia miocenica, Murraya khariensis Euodia koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad 1994 citrus Atalantia miocenica Prasad 1994 citrus Murraya khariensis Lakhanpal and Guleria 1982 citrus
Rosids - Moraceae	Artocarpus nepalensis, Ficus retusoides, Ficus precunea, Ficus nepalensis, Ficus eomysorensis Artocarpus nepalensis Prasad and Awasthi 1996 mulberry Ficus retusoides Prasad 1990 fig Ficus precunea Lakhanpal 1968 fig Ficus nepalensis Prasad 1990 fig Ficus eomysorensis Tripathi et al. 2002 fig
Dicotyledoneae
Ericales - Ebenaceae	Diospyros darwajensis, Diospyros pretoposia, Diospyros koilabasensis n. sp. Diospyros darwajensis Prasad et al. 1990 Diospyros pretoposia Prasad 1990 Diospyros koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad 1990
Myrtales - Combretaceae	Combretum sahnii, Anogeissus eosericea, Calycopteris floribundoides, Terminalia koilabasensis n. sp., Terminalia siwalica, Terminalia panandhroensis Combretum sahnii Antal and Awasthi 1993 bushwillow Anogeissus eosericea Prasad and Prakash 1984 Calycopteris floribundoides Prasad 1990 Terminalia koilabasensis n. sp. Prasad 1990 Terminalia siwalica Prasad 1990 Terminalia panandhroensis Lahkanpal and Guleria 1978
Myrtales - Lythraceae	Woodfordia neofruticosa, Lagerstroemia mioparviflora, Lagerstroemia siwalica, Lagerstroemia eomicrocarpa Woodfordia neofruticosa Prasad 1994 Lagerstroemia mioparviflora Dwivedi et al. 2006 crepe myrtle Lagerstroemia siwalica Prasad 1994 crepe myrtle Lagerstroemia eomicrocarpa Dwivedi et al. 2006 crepe myrtle
Myrtales - Myrtaceae	Syzygium miocenicum, Syzygium miooccidentalis Syzygium miocenicum Prasad and Prakash 1984 bush cherry Syzygium miooccidentalis Prasad et al. 1999 bush cherry