Birds River (Bir 311) (Triassic of South Africa)

Where: Eastern Cape, South Africa (31.5° S, 26.9° E: paleocoordinates 52.1° S, 3.2° W)

• coordinate based on unpublished field data

When: Molteno Formation, Late/Upper Triassic (237.0 - 201.4 Ma)

Environment/lithology: lacustrine; gray, yellow shale

• "transient lake in back swamp" (Anderson and Anderson 1985 (ref. 6188))
• "yellowish grey, very well laminated shale" (Anderson and Anderson 1985 (ref. 6188))

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: mold/impression

Primary reference: J. M. Anderson and H. M. Anderson. 1983. Palaeoflora of Southern Africa Molteno Formation (Triassic). Palaeoflora of Southern Africa Molteno Formation (Triassic) 1:1-227 [H. Sims/H. Lindon/H. Lindon]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 23144: authorized by Hallie Sims, entered by Heather Lindon on 10.07.2002

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• habitat described as "Sphenobaiera closed woodland" (Anderson and Anderson 2000 (ref. 6625))
Show authors, comments, and common names
unclassified
  -
Halleyoctenis sp., Dordrechtites sp., Avatia sp.
Pinopsida
 Pinales -
Heidiphyllum sp.
Heidiphyllum sp. Retallack 1981
 Coniferales -
Fraxinopsis sp.
Fraxinopsis sp. Wieland 1929
Gymnospermopsida
  -
Gymnospermopsida indet.
 Corystospermales - Corystospermaceae
Pteruchus sp., Dicroidium sp., Fanerotheca sp., Umkomasia sp.
Pteruchus sp. Thomas 1933
Dicroidium sp. Gothan 1912
Fanerotheca sp. Frenguelli 1944
Umkomasia sp. Thomas 1933
Ginkgoopsida
 Ginkgoales -
Sphenobaiera sp.
Sphenobaiera sp. Florin 1936
 Ginkgoales - Ginkgoaceae
Stachyopitys sp.
Stachyopitys sp. Schenk 1867
Ginkgoites
  -
Ginkgoites sp.
Ginkgoites sp. Seward 1919