Holocystitid-Coronoid Assoc., Upper Osgood Shale (Silurian of the United States)

Where: Indiana (39.1° N, 85.3° W: paleocoordinates 27.2° S, 52.4° W)

• coordinate based on political unit

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Kockelella ranuliformis conodont zone, Osgood Shale Formation, Sheinwoodian (433.4 - 430.5 Ma)

• "?Late Llandoverian (?C6) to middle Wenlockian. Upper Osgood Shale." PJW: Upper part of Osgood is Kockelella ranuliformis zone.

• member-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: deep subtidal; shelly/skeletal, calcareous mudstone and shelly/skeletal grainstone

• "echinoderm attachment structures common...debris piles...trilobites seldom intact...echinoderm crowns very rare...The community most likely represents BA 4-5 deposited below normal wave base but subject to sporadic storm disturbance. The deep end of the spectrum is perhaps most likely, as other similar communities have rare ischaditids or other large green algae, but these have not been found here."
• "The common lithology is a calcareous, predominantly siliciclastic mudstone with variable amounts of skeletal debris. In some areas, echinoderm or bryozoan packstones to grainstones and boundstones are dominant, usually extending laterally no more than a few meters. Irregular lumps of algal limestone...are often surrounded by rocks with the textures noted above..."

Size class: macrofossils

Collection methods: Abundances given in table 45.43, combining a number of localities.

Primary reference: T. J. Frest, C. E. Brett, and B. J. Witzke. 1999. Caradocian-Gedinnian echinoderm associations of Central and Eastern North America. Paleocommunities--a case study from the Silurian and Lower Devonian 638-783 [M. Foote/K. Koverman/P. Wagner]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 26805: authorized by Michael Foote, entered by Michael Foote on 01.11.2002, edited by Björn Kröger

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

unclassified
  -
Hexactinellida
 Amphidiscosa - Pelicaspongiidae
Vaurealispongia sp. Rigby 1974 glass sponge
Heteractinida
 Octactinellida - Astraeospongiidae
Astraeospongium sp. Roemer 1860
Anthozoa
 Tabulata -
Tabulata indet. tabulate coral
 Favositida - Favositidae
Favosites "sp. 1" Lamarck 1816 tabulate coral
Favosites "sp. 2" Lamarck 1816 tabulate coral
Favosites "sp. 3" Lamarck 1816 tabulate coral
 Rugosa -
Rugosa "indet. 2" horn coral
Trilobita
 Phacopida - Dalmanitidae
Dalmanites sp. Barrande 1852 trilobite
 Phacopida - Calymenidae
Calymenidae sp. Milne-Edwards 1840 trilobite
 Corynexochida - Illaenidae
Illaenus sp. Dalman 1827 trilobite
 Lichida - Lichidae
Arctinurus sp. Castelnau 1843 trilobite
Craniata
 Craniopsida - Craniopsidae
"Craniops sp." = Craniops, ""Pholidops" sp." = Craniops
"Craniops sp." = Craniops Hall 1859
""Pholidops" sp." = Craniops Hall 1859
Strophomenata
 Strophomenida - Leptestiidae
Leangella sp. Opik 1933
 Strophomenida - Sowerbyellidae
 Strophomenida - Leptostrophiidae
Mesoleptostrophia sp. Harper and Boucot 1978
 Strophomenida - Rafinesquinidae
Leptaena "rhomboidalis" Wahlenberg 1818
 Strophomenida - Strophochonetidae
? Protochonetes sp. Muir-Wood 1962
 Orthotetida - Triplesiidae
 Orthotetida - Chilidiopsidae
"Coolinia subplana" = Fardenia (Coolinia)
"Coolinia subplana" = Fardenia (Coolinia)
Chileata
 Dictyonellida - Eichwaldiidae
Rhynchonellata
 Protorthida - Skenidiidae
Skenidioides sp. Schuchert and Cooper 1931
 Spiriferida - Cyrtiidae
Eospirifer radiatus Sowerby 1834
Hedeina sp. Boucot 1957
Striispirifer sp. Cooper and Muir-Wood 1951
 Spiriferida - Delthyrididae
Howellella "crispa" Hisinger 1827
 Athyridida - Nucleospiridae
Nucleospira sp. Hall 1859
 Athyridida - Meristidae
 Rhynchonellida - Machaerariidae
Ferganella sp. Nikiforova 1937
 Rhynchonellida - Rhynchotrematidae
 Rhynchonellida - Trigonirhynchiidae
 Pentamerida - Clorindidae
? Clorinda sp. Barrande 1879
 Pentamerida - Parastrophinidae
 Orthida -
Orthida indet. Schuchert and Cooper 1932
 Orthida - Dicoelosiidae
Dicoelosia sp. King 1850
 Orthida - Dalmanellidae
Resserella sp. Bancroft 1928
 Orthida - Rhipidomellidae
Dalejina "hybrida" Sowerby 1839
 Orthida - Platystrophiidae
"Platystrophia cf. biforata" = Platystrophia biforatus
"Platystrophia cf. biforata" = Platystrophia biforatus Schlotheim 1820
 Orthida - Hesperorthidae
Hesperorthis sp. Schuchert and Cooper 1931
Ptychopleurella sp. Schuchert and Cooper 1931
"? Schizoramma sp." = Schizonema
 Atrypida - Atrypidae
Atrypa "reticularis" Linnaeus 1758
Plectatrypa sp. Schuchert and Cooper 1930
 Atrypida - Atrypinidae
Bryozoa
  -
Bryozoa indet. Ehrenberg 1831
Stenolaemata
 Cryptostomata - Ptilodictyidae
 Cyclostomata - Corynotrypidae
Rostroconchia
 Conocardiida - Bransoniidae
Mulceodens cf. jaanussoni Pojeta and Runnegar 1976
Gastropoda
 Euomphalina - Platyceratidae
Platyostoma "sp. 1" Conrad 1842 snail
Platyostoma "sp. 2" Conrad 1842 snail
Platyostoma "sp. 3" Conrad 1842 snail
Cyclonema sp. Hall 1852 snail
 Bellerophontida -
"Bellerophontacea indet." = Bellerophontoidea
"Bellerophontacea indet." = Bellerophontoidea M'Coy 1851 snail
Cephalopoda
 Nautiloidea -
Nautiloidea indet. Agassiz 1847 nautiloid
 Orthocerida - Dawsonoceratidae
Dawsonoceras sp. Hyatt 1884
unclassified
  -
 Sphaeronitida - Sphaeronitidae
 Sphaeronitida - Holocystitidae
 Sphaeronitida - Aristocystitidae
 Glyptosphaeritida - Gomphocystitidae
 Rhombifera - Callocystitidae
Callocystites sp. n. sp. Hall 1852
Crinoidea
 Cyathocrinida - Cyathocrinitidae
Cyathocrinites sp. n. sp. Miller 1821 Sea lily
 Cyathocrinida - Thalamocrinidae
Thalamocrinus sp. Miller and Gurley 1895 Sea lily
 Cladida - Botryocrinidae
Botryocrinus sp. n. sp. Angelin 1878 Sea lily
 Sagenocrinida - Lecanocrinidae
 Pisocrinida - Pisocrinidae
 Eustenocrinida - Acolocrinidae
 Disparida - Zophocrinidae
Zophocrinidae indet. Miller 1892 Sea lily
new
 Myelodactylida - Myelodactylidae
Myelodactylus sp. Hall 1852 Sea lily
 Calceocrinida - Calceocrinidae
Calceocrinidae indet. Meek and Worthen 1869 Sea lily
new
Eohalysiocrinus sp. n. sp. Prokop 1970 Sea lily
 Monobathrida - Melocrinitidae
Melocrinites sp. Goldfuss 1831 Sea lily
 Monobathrida - Hirneacrinidae
Hirneacrinus sp. n. sp. Frest and Strimple 1977 Sea lily
 Monobathrida - Eucalyptocrinitidae
Eucalyptocrinites sp. Goldfuss 1831 Sea lily
 Monobathrida - Periechocrinidae
Periechocrinus sp. Morris 1843 Sea lily
 Monobathrida - Patelliocrinidae
 Diplobathrida - Rhodocrinitidae
Lyriocrinus sp. Hall 1852 Sea lily
Rhombifera
 Hemicosmitoida - Caryocrinitidae
Blastoidea
  -
Lysocystites sp. n. sp. blastoid
 Fissiculata - Phaenoschismatidae
Decaschisma sp. Fay 1961 blastoid
 Coronata -
Coronata indet. Jaekel 1918 blastoid
juveniles
 Coronata - Stephanocrinidae
Cyclocystoidea
  - Cyclocystoididae
Sievertsia sp. Smith and Paul 1982
Echinoidea
  -
Echinoidea indet. Leske 1778 sea urchin
Asteroidea
  -
Asteroidea indet. de Blainville 1830 sea star
starfish plates