Also known as Gran Dolina

Where: Castilla-Leon, Spain (42.4° N, 3.5° W: paleocoordinates 42.4° N, 3.7° W)

• coordinate stated in text

When: Early/Lower Pleistocene (2.6 - 0.8 Ma)

• level TD4 has been dated after the Jaramillo event (0.99Ma) and before the Brunhes/Matuyama boundary (0.78) and is therefore late Lower Pleistocene.

Environment/lithology: fissure fill

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collection methods: bulk,

• 'on the basis of pollen analysis, a forested landscape dominated TD4 times, with Quercus and Pinus. The presence of leafy deciduous trees (Fagus, Betula, Juglans, Ulmus) and Olea indicate a transition between cold and warm conditions.'

Primary reference: E. Carbonell and X. P. Rodriguez. 1994. Early Middle Pleistocene deposits and artefacts in the Gran Dolina site (TD4) of the 'Sierra de Atapuerca' (Burgos, Spain). Journal of Human Evolution 26:291-311 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan]more details

Purpose of describing collection: archaeological analysis

PaleoDB collection 34916: authorized by Alan Turner, entered by Hannah O'Regan on 16.10.2003

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)