Also known as Liventsovka, Khapry Formation, Sea of Azov Liventzovka
Where: Rostovskaya Oblast', Russian Federation (47.2° N, 39.7° E: paleocoordinates 47.4° N, 39.4° E)
• coordinate based on nearby landmark
When: Khapry Formation, Pliocene (5.3 - 2.6 Ma)
• Late Pliocene, Middle Villafranchian, lower part of MN17 (based on small mammals associated with macrofauna in the lowest levels).
•Bones largely found in the lower part of the alluvial sequence, but some isolated specimens occur higher in the sequence at Liventsovka. Several beds with small mammals occur within the 20m thick sequence.
•Liventsovka was a quarry.
• formation-level stratigraphic resolution
Environment/lithology: fluvial-deltaic
Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils
Collection methods: Collecting began in 1932, from a quarry.
•Specimens held at Rostov State University, Rostov-on-Don (RGU), Vernadskii State Geological Museum (GGM), Rostov Regional Museum (RRM) and the Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences (GIN).
•bpnes are 'strongly mineralised'.
Primary reference: V. S. Baigusheva. 1971. Fossil Teriofauna of the Liventzovka sand-pit. Materialy po faunam Antropogena SSSR 49:5-29 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/S. Bruning]more details
Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis
PaleoDB collection 39409: authorized by Alan Turner, entered by Hannah O'Regan on 28.05.2004, edited by John Alroy
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
unclassified | |
Mammalia | |
"Archidiskodon gromovi" = Mammuthus
"Archidiskodon gromovi" = Mammuthus mammoth | |
Anancus alexeevae n. sp.
Anancus alexeevae n. sp. gomphothere | |
Equus cf. bressanus horse
"Equus cf. stenonis" = Allohippus stenonis Cocchi 1867 horse
Hipparion sp. de Christol 1832 hipparionine horse | |
Elasmotherium caucasicum Borissiak 1914 rhinoceros | |
Eucladoceros dicranios, "Cervus (Rusa) sp." = Rusa, Cervus cf. elaphus, Libralces gallicus2, "Cervus cf. philisi" = Metacervocerus philisi, Cervodama pontoborealis
"Cervus (Rusa) sp." = Rusa Smith 1827 deer
Cervus cf. elaphus Linnaeus 1758 red deer
"Cervus cf. philisi" = Metacervocerus philisi Mennecart et al. 2017 deer | |
? Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope
Gazella sp. Blaineville 1816 gazelle
Bison sp. Hamilton-Smith 1827 bison
Gazellospira torticornis antelope | |
Paracamelus alutensis Stefanescu 1895 camel
Paracamelus gigas Schlosser 1903 camel | |
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Felidae indet. Gray 1821 cat | |
Pachycrocuta brevirostris4 Gervais 1850 brown hyaena 1 left mandible, incisors and Ci missing, all other teeth present. (RSU-231).
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Mustelidae indet. Fischer 1817 mustelid carnivore | |
Nyctereutes megamastoides Pomel 1842 raccoon dog 1 left ramus with P4-M2 and I1-P3 and M3 alveoli. (GIN 302/1).
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Desmana sp. Guldenstaedt 1777 Russian desman
Talpa sp. Linnaeus 1758 mole | |
Soricidae indet. Fischer 1814 shrew | |
Alilepus sp. Dice 1931 rabbit | |
Allactaga sp. Cuvier 1836 jerboa | |
Lagurus (Lagurodon) arancae, Dolomys milleri, Dolomys hungaricus, Allocricetus sp., Pliomys cf. kretzoi, Allophaiomys cf. pliocaenicus, Mimomys cf. stehlini, Mimomys cf. reidi, Mimomys lagurodontoides, Mimomys praehungaricus, Mimomys tanaitica, Mimomys intermedius, Mimomys pliocaenicus, Villanyia sp., Cricetulus sp.
Dolomys milleri mouse
Dolomys hungaricus mouse
Allocricetus sp. Schaub 1930 mouse
Pliomys cf. kretzoi mouse
Allophaiomys cf. pliocaenicus Kormos 1932 vole
Mimomys cf. stehlini vole
Mimomys cf. reidi vole
Mimomys tanaitica vole
Mimomys intermedius vole
Mimomys pliocaenicus Forsyth Major 1889 vole
Villanyia sp. Kretzoi 1956 vole
Cricetulus sp. Milne-Edwards 1867 mouse | |
Spalax sp. Güldenstadt 1770 blind mole | |
Reptilia | |
? Lacertidae indet. Bonaparte 1831 squamates | |
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Aves | |
Cygnus sp. Garsault 1764 swan | |
Struthio sp. Linnaeus 1758 ostrich | |
Actinopteri | |
Silurus sp. Linnaeus 1758 catfish | |
Rutilus rutilus carp-like fish | |
Lucioperca lucioperca Linnaeus 1758 perch | |
Esox sp. Linnaeus 1758 pike | |
Osteichthyes | |
Acipenser sp. Linnaeus 1758 sturgeon |