PBDB Collection

Fowlkes Cave (Pleistocene) (Pleistocene of the United States)

Where: Culberson County, Texas (31.2° N, 104.2° W)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: Late/Upper Pleistocene (0.1 - 0.0 Ma)

• material from the middle of three layers (Layer 2); 1 and 3 are barren of fossils

•Layer 2 is "approximately 20 cm thick"

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: sinkhole; yellow limestone

• "yellow... irregular limestone fragments and pebbles, bits of stalactite fragments, cave pearls, and crystals of water-clear calciite... between 5-15 mm in diameter"

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Preservation: bone collector

Collection methods: bulk, quarrying, sieve,

• sediments "in excess of 1,000 pounds" were screenwashed

Primary reference: W. W. Dalquest and F. B. Stangl, Jr. 1984. Late Pleistocene and early Recent mammals from Fowlkes Cave, southern Culberson County, Texas. Carnegie Museum of Natural History Special Publication 8:432-455 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 74473: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 06.08.2007

Creative Commons license: CC0 (CC0)

Taxonomic list

• it is not entirely clear that the snails are from the Pleistocene layer instead of the Holocene silts

•abundances are given only for the Pleistocene occurrences

Show authors, comments, and common names

unclassified
-	Glyphalini identata paucilirata, Hawiia minuscula Glyphalini identata paucilirata Hawiia minuscula
Gastropoda
Stylommatophora - Gastrocoptidae	Gastrocopta pellicuda hordeacella Gastrocopta pellicuda hordeacella slug
Stylommatophora - Pupillidae	Pupoides albilabris Pupoides albilabris slug
Stylommatophora - Gastrocoptidae	Gastrocopta pentodon, Gastrocopta armifera Gastrocopta pentodon slug Gastrocopta armifera Say 1821 slug
Stylommatophora - Helicodiscidae	Helicodiscus singleyanus Helicodiscus singleyanus slug
Stylommatophora - Succineidae	Succinea sp. Succinea sp. Draparnaud 1801 amber snail
Mammalia
Lagomorpha - Leporidae	Sylvilagus audubonii, Sylvilagus floridanus, Lepus californicus Sylvilagus audubonii Baird 1858 desert cottontail Sylvilagus floridanus Allen 1890 eastern cottontail Lepus californicus Gray 1837 black-tailed jackrabbit "several fragments"
Rodentia - Sciuridae	"Eutamias cinereicollis" = Neotamias cinereicollis, Spermophilus spilosoma, "Spermophilus variegatus" = Otospermophilus variegatus, Cynomys ludovicianus, Marmota flaviventris "Eutamias cinereicollis" = Neotamias cinereicollis Allen 1890 chipmunk originally entered as "Eutamias cinericollis" Spermophilus spilosoma Bennett 1833 spotted ground squirrel "Spermophilus variegatus" = Otospermophilus variegatus Erxleben 1777 rock squirrel "isolated teeth" Cynomys ludovicianus Ord 1815 black-tailed prairie dog Marmota flaviventris Audubon and Bachman 1841 yellow-bellied marmot
Rodentia - Erethizontidae	Erethizon dorsatum Erethizon dorsatum Linnaeus 1758 North American porcupine
Rodentia - Cricetidae	Microtus mexicanus, Peromyscus leucopus, Peromyscus difficilis, Peromyscus boylii, Peromyscus eremicus, Peromyscus maniculatus, Peromyscus pectoralis, Reithrodontomys montanus, Reithrodontomys fulvescens, Reithrodontomys megalotis, Neotoma micropus, Neotoma mexicana, Neotoma albigula, Onychomys leucogaster, Onychomys torridus, Sigmodon hispidus Microtus mexicanus Saussure 1861 Mexican vole Peromyscus leucopus Rafinesque 1818 white-footed mouse Peromyscus difficilis Allen 1891 deer mouse Peromyscus boylii Baird 1855 brush mouse Peromyscus eremicus Baird 1858 deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus Wagner 1843 deer mouse Peromyscus pectoralis Osgood 1904 white-ankled mouse Reithrodontomys montanus Baird 1855 plains harvest mouse Reithrodontomys fulvescens Allen 1894 fulvous harvest mouse Reithrodontomys megalotis Baird 1858 western harvest mouse Neotoma micropus Baird 1855 southern plains woodrat Neotoma mexicana Baird 1855 Mexican woodrat Neotoma albigula Hartley 1894 white-throated woodrat Onychomys leucogaster Wied-Neuwied 1841 northern grasshopper mouse Onychomys torridus Coues 1874 grasshopper mouse Sigmodon hispidus Say and Ord 1825 hispid cotton rat
Rodentia - Heteromyidae	Perognathus sp., Perognathus flavus, "Perognathus hispidus" = Chaetodipus hispidus, Dipodomys spectabilis, Dipodomys merriami, Dipodomys ordii Perognathus sp. Maximillian 1839 pocket mouse Perognathus flavus Baird 1855 pocket mouse plus "many maxillaries" "Perognathus hispidus" = Chaetodipus hispidus Baird 1858 hispid pocket mouse plus "many maxillaries" Dipodomys spectabilis Merriam 1890 bannertail kangaroo rat Dipodomys merriami Mearns 1890 Merriam's kangaroo rat Dipodomys ordii Woodhouse 1853 Ord's kangaroo rat
Rodentia - Geomyidae	Thomomys bottae, "Pappogeomys castanops" = Cratogeomys castanops Thomomys bottae Eydoux and Gervais 1836 Botta's pocket gopher "Pappogeomys castanops" = Cratogeomys castanops Baird 1852 yellow-faced pocket gopher
Soricomorpha - Soricidae	Sorex vagrans, Sorex palustris, Notiosorex crawfordi Sorex vagrans Baird 1858 long-tailed shrew Sorex palustris Richardson 1828 American water shrew Notiosorex crawfordi Coues 1877 Crawford's gray shrew
Artiodactyla - Antilocapridae	Capromeryx cf. furcifer Capromeryx cf. furcifer Matthew 1902 pronghorn
Artiodactyla - Tayassuidae	Mylohyus sp. Mylohyus sp. Cope 1869 peccary
Carnivora - Felidae	"Felis rufa" = Lynx rufus "Felis rufa" = Lynx rufus Schreber 1777 bobcat "Felis rufus"
Chiroptera - Vespertilionidae	Eptesicus fuscus, Myotis lucifugus, Myotis velifer Eptesicus fuscus Beauvois 1796 big brown bat Myotis lucifugus Le Conte 1831 vesper bat Myotis velifer Allen 1890 cave myotis