Gaj beds - South bank of Teyra River, Rampur, Kachh (Miocene of Pakistan)

Where: Pakistan (23.3° N, 69.0° E: paleocoordinates 17.3° N, 67.9° E)

• coordinate stated in text

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Gaj Formation, Early/Lower Miocene (23.0 - 16.0 Ma)

• STRATIGRAPHIC RELATIONS: From the lower Gaj beds, which regionally overlie the Nari beds (Oligocene) and are overlain by the Middle-Late Miocene Mekran beds. AGE: lower Early Miocene, based on similarity with European faunas of Aquitanian age. STRATIGRAPHIC POSITION: from the lower Gaj beds.

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: coastal; poorly lithified siliciclastic sediments

• ENVIRONMENT: Not stated in text, but presumably shallow shelf siliciclastic.
• SPECIFIC LITHOLOGY: Unknown, but presumably siliciclastic. LITHIFICATION: Poorly-lithified, based on figured specimens.

Size class: macrofossils

Collected by Vredenburg

Collection methods: surface (in situ),

• COLLECTORS: Multiple collectors including W. Blanford, Wynne, Hira Lal, Ram Singh, and Noetling (staff of Geological Survey of India) during the early 1900's. REPOSITORY: Geological Survey of India, with voucher specimens possibly at the BMNH.

Primary reference: E. Vredenburg. 1925. Description of Mollusca from the post-Eocene Tertiary formation of north-western India: Cephalopoda, Opisthobranchiata, Siphonostomata. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India 50(1):1-350 [A. Hendy/A. Hendy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 77173: authorized by Austin Hendy, entered by Austin Hendy on 21.12.2007

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• COVERAGE: Exhaustive for gastropoda, bivalvia, and scaphopoda. NOMENCLATURE: Antiquated, but from an authoritative publication, with use of species and subgenus resolution assignments. Nomenclature can be updated through reference to Harzhauser and Swarko publications.
Gastropoda
 Neogastropoda - Olivellidae
Agaronia pupa Sowerby 1840 snail
 Neogastropoda - Volutidae
"Lyria jugosa" = Lyria (Harpeola) jugosa
"Lyria jugosa" = Lyria (Harpeola) jugosa Sowerby 1839 volute
 Neogastropoda - Buccinidae
Siphonalia (Kelletia) nodulosa Sowerby 1840 true whelk
 Neogastropoda - Turridae
Pleurotoma ickei Martin 1906 turrid
 Sorbeoconcha - Cypraeidae
"Cypraea (Bernayia) humerosa" = Barycypraea humerosa, "Cypraea prunum" = Callistocypraea (Miolyncina) prunum
"Cypraea (Bernayia) humerosa" = Barycypraea humerosa Sowerby 1839 cowry
"Cypraea prunum" = Callistocypraea (Miolyncina) prunum Sowerby 1839 cowry
 Sorbeoconcha - Strombidae
Persististrombus depertitus Sowerby 1840 true conch