Where: South Africa (34.0° S, 25.6° E: paleocoordinates 34.1° S, 25.2° E)
• coordinate based on nearby landmark
• local area-level geographic resolution
When: Alexandria Formation, Pliocene (5.3 - 2.6 Ma)
• STRATIGRAPHIC RELATIONS: From Alexandria Formation, which unconformably overlies Late Cretaceous Sundays River Fm in places, and is overlain by eolian calcarenites. AGE: Much discussed, although not clearly in text, to range from Miocene to Pleistocene, but also possible Eocene (see Haughton pers. comm., cited in text). Assigned here to a Pliocene age, based on more recent publications (King, 1972). STRATIGRAPHIC POSITION: A composite list representing the entire formation.
• formation-level stratigraphic resolution
Environment/lithology: coastal; poorly lithified, shelly/skeletal, calcareous limestone and lithified, shelly/skeletal, calcareous sandstone
Size class: macrofossils
Collection methods: COLLECTOR: Unknown collector. REPOSITORY: Unknown repository.
Primary reference: A. Ruddock. 1966. The Tertiary limestone of the southern coastal regions of Cape Province, South Africa. Sedimentary Basins of the African Coasts 49-62 [A. Hendy/A. Hendy]more details
Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis
PaleoDB collection 77527: authorized by Austin Hendy, entered by Austin Hendy on 14.01.2008
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
unclassified | |
Foraminifera | |
Textularia sp. Defrance 1824 | |
Globothalamea | |
Gyroidina planulata Cushman and Renz 1941 | |
Foraminifera | |
Tubothalamea | |
Quinqueloculina sp. d'Orbigny 1826
Quinqueloculina lamarckiana d'Orbigny 1839 | |
Nodosariata | |
Foraminifera | |
Bivalvia | |
Mytilus sp. Linnaeus 1758 mussel | |
Glycymeris pilosa Linnaeus 1767 clam | |
Chlamys pusia scallop
Pecten sp. Müller 1776 scallop | |
"Ostrea gryphoides" = Crassostrea gryphoides Schlotheim 1813 oyster
Ostrea atherstonei oyster
Ostrea redhousiensis oyster | |
"Melina cf. gaudichaudi" = Isognomon (Melina)
"Melina cf. gaudichaudi" = Isognomon (Melina) oyster | |
"Psammobia verspertina" = Gari (Psammobia)
"Psammobia verspertina" = Gari (Psammobia) clam | |
"Tellina cf. perna" = Tonganaella perna, Macoma orbicularis
"Tellina cf. perna" = Tonganaella perna Spengler 1798 tellin clam
Macoma orbicularis tellin clam | |
Donax serra Roding 1798 clam | |
Tivela baini, "Chamalea rogersi" = Chamelea, "Chamalea schwarzi" = Chamelea, "Chamalea krigei" = Chamelea
Tivela baini venus clam
"Chamalea rogersi" = Chamelea venus clam
"Chamalea schwarzi" = Chamelea venus clam | |
"Schizodesma spengleri" = Scissodesma, "Schizodesma sp." = Scissodesma
"Schizodesma spengleri" = Scissodesma clam
"Schizodesma sp." = Scissodesma Gray 1837 clam | |
Gastropoda | |
Melapium patersonae true whelk | |
Bullia annulata Lamarck 1816 snail | |
Ancilla sp. Lamarck 1799 olive snail | |
"Baryspira sp." = Amalda (Baryspira)
"Baryspira sp." = Amalda (Baryspira) Fischer 1883 snail | |
Voluta ponderos volute
Voluta africana Adegoke 1977 volute | |
Cypraea sp. Linnaeus 1758 cowry
Lyncina cf. carneola Linnaeus 1758 purple-mouthed cowry | |
Turritella cf. knysnaensis, Turritella sp., "Turritella cf. tricarinata" = Turritella (Turritella) tricarinata, "Turritella (Archimediella) bicarinata" = Turritella bicarinata, Turritella (Haustator) planispira
Turritella cf. knysnaensis turret shell
Turritella sp. Lamarck 1799 turret shell
"Turritella cf. tricarinata" = Turritella (Turritella) tricarinata Brocchi 1814 turret shell
"Turritella (Archimediella) bicarinata" = Turritella bicarinata Elchwald 1830 turret shell
Turritella (Haustator) planispira Wood 1842 turret shell | |
Bittium (Cerithidium) tropicale cerith snail | |
Pirenella stowi horn snail | |
Fissurella incarnata, "Glyphis elevata" = Diodora
Fissurella incarnata snail
"Glyphis elevata" = Diodora snail | |
Deuteropoda | |
Ostracoda indet. Latreille 1802 ostracod | |
Anthozoa | |
Anthozoa indet. Ehrenberg 1834 |