Lueders Fm. Locality 1 (Permian to of the United States)

Also known as Tit Butte and S.W. Butte

Where: Baylor County, Texas (33.7° N, 99.1° W: paleocoordinates 1.5° N, 29.0° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: Maybelle limestone Member (Lueders Formation), Artinskian to Artinskian (290.1 - 272.3 Ma)

• 2 to 3 feet below the Aa2 submember of the Maybelle limestone

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: lagoonal or restricted shallow subtidal; lithified, graded grainstone and lithified mudstone

• "composition [of the rocks] is interpreted as indicating deposition in relatively calm, shallow, near-shore, marine waters, possibly lagoonal or estuarine, and near the mouth of a freshwater stream"
• 2 layers of graded grain-supported rock composed of vertebrate and invertebrate fossil debris, coprolites, and fecal pellets accompanied with pebbles and cobbles ("6 inch or more in largest diameter") of unfossiliferous impure lime mudstone and a matrix of sparry calcite, separated by about an inch of unfossiliferous mudstone

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils, microfossils

Collection methods: surface (in situ), acetic,

Primary reference: D. S. Berman. 1970. Vertebrate Fossils from the Lueders Formation, Lower Permian of North-Central Texas. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 86:1-61 [J. Mueller/T. Liebrecht]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 85299: authorized by Johannes Mueller, entered by Torsten Liebrecht on 11.12.2008

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• Kissel (2002, Can. J. Earth Sci. 39(9)) suspects the single tooth-rowed captorhinid jaws (UCLA VP 1973-1977) to belong to Captorhinus magnus, but concludes that "the incomplete nature of the specimens prevents positive assignment."
Osteichthyes
 Tetrapoda -
Tetrapoda indet. Jaekel 1911 tetrapod
UCLA 1981, partial braincase
Reptilia
 Eureptilia - Captorhinidae
"Eocaptorhinus sp." = Captorhinus
"Eocaptorhinus sp." = Captorhinus Cope 1896 eureptile
UCLA VP 1973-1977, jaw bones
Osteichthyes
 Recumbirostra - Molgophidae
"Lysorophus cf. tricarinatus" = Brachydectes newberryi
"Lysorophus cf. tricarinatus" = Brachydectes newberryi Cope 1868 amniote
UCLA VP 1972, vertebrae, amount not specified
 Synapsida - Ophiacodontidae
Ophiacodon cf. major Romer and Price 1940 ophiacodont
UCLA VP 1978, vertebrae
 Synapsida - Sphenacodontidae
Dimetrodon sp. Cope 1878 synapsid
UCLA VP 1979, 1980 (pelvic elements) + several neural spines (no specimen number given)
 Aistopoda - Phlegethontiidae
? Phlegethontia sp. Cope 1871 tetrapod
UCLA VP 1971, vertebrae, amount not specified
Amphibia
 Temnospondyli - Trimerorhachidae
Trimerorhachis sp. Cope 1878 tetrapod
UCLA VP 1969", ubiquitous remains", amount not specified
 Nectridea - Urocordylidae
Crossotelos annulatus Case 1902 tetrapod
UCLA VP 1891, caudal vertebra
 Nectridea - Diplocaulidae
Diplocaulus sp. Cope 1877 tetrapod
UCLA VP 1970, vertebrae and fragments of dermal bone, amount not specified
Coelacanthimorpha
 Diplocercidiformes - Sassenidae
Spermatodus pustulosus Cope 1894 lobe-finned fish
UCLA VP 1967, "plentiful" skull elements, mainly basisphenoids
Osteichthyes
 Dipnoi - Gnathorhizidae
Gnathorhiza sp. Cope 1883 lungfish
UCLA VP 1968 several tooth plates, vomerine teeth and mandibles, amount not specified
Actinopteri
 Holostei -
? Holostei indet.
UCLA VP 1966, vertebral centra
Osteichthyes
 Palaeoniscoidea -
Palaeoniscoidea indet.
many thousand scales per pound of rock
 Palaeonisciformes - Redfieldiidae
? Redfieldiidae indet. Hutchinson 1973
UCLA VP 1965, possible antorbital
Chondrichthyes
 Xenacanthiformes - Xenacanthidae
Xenacanthus texensis elasmobranch
UCLA VP 1957, teeth, amount not specified
Xenacanthus platypternus elasmobranch
UCLA VP 1958, teeth, amount not specified
 Bransonelliformes -
"Xenacanthus luedersensis n. sp." = Barbclabornia luedersensis
"Xenacanthus luedersensis n. sp." = Barbclabornia luedersensis Berman 1970 elasmobranch
UCLA VP 1960, teeth, amount not specified; UCLA VP 1961 (type), one complete tooth
 Ctenacanthiformes - Ctenacanthidae
Ctenacanthus cf. amblyxiphias Cope 1891 elasmobranch
UCLA VP 1950, spine
 Hybodontiformes - Hybodontidae
Hybodus cf. copei Hay 1899 elasmobranch
UCLA VP 1953, spines, amount not specified
 Petalodontiformes - Janassidae
Janassa sp. chimaera
UCLA VP 1962, teeth, amount not specified
 Petalodontiformes - Belantseidae
Ctenoptychius sp. Agassiz 1838 chimaera
UCLA VP 1963, teeth, amount not specified
 Orodontiformes - Orodontidae
Orodus sp. Agassiz 1836 chimaera
UCLA VP 1954, teeth, amount not specified