PBDB Collection

Mynhardtskraal (Permian of South Africa)

Also known as Mynhartskraal, Mynhardts Kraal

Where: Western Cape, South Africa (32.5° S, 22.2° E: paleocoordinates 59.8° S, 34.6° W)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Tapinocephalus zone, Abrahamskraal Formation (Beaufort Group), Capitanian (264.3 - 259.5 Ma)

• Kitching (1977, "Distribution of the Karroo Vertebrate Fauna") assigns this locality to the middle Tapinocephalus Zone. Kammerer et al. (2015) and Angielczyk et al. (2016) list this locality as Tapinocephalus Zone. Radioisotopic data constrains the likely age of the Tapinocephalus Zone to Capitanian (Rubidge et al. 2013).

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: "floodplain"; sandstone and claystone

• " [...] deposited mainly by overbank flooding of large meandering rivers of variable sinuosity, draining an extensive alluvial plain [...]" (Catuneanu et al., 2005).

• "fining-upward succession of sandstones and purple mudstones containing numerous thin chert bands and rich tetrapod faunas" (general lithology description of the Abrahamskraal Fm. in Catuneanu et al., 2005, J. Afr. Earth Sci. 43).

Size class: macrofossils

Collection methods: SAM = Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town

Primary reference: S. H. Haughton and L. D. Boonstra. 1929. Pareiasaurian studies. Part I. - An Attempt at a Classification of the Pareiasauria based on Skull Features. Annals of the South African Museum 28(1):79-87 [J. Mueller/T. Liebrecht/T. Liebrecht]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 93096: authorized by Johannes Mueller, entered by Torsten Liebrecht on 04.01.2010, edited by Richard Butler, Emma Dunne and Bethany Allen

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

Amphibia
Temnospondyli - Rhinesuchidae	"Rhinesuchus avenanti n. sp." = Rhinesuchoides capensis⁴ "Rhinesuchus avenanti n. sp." = Rhinesuchoides capensis⁴ Haughton 1925 tetrapod SAM-PK-11489 (skull with no mandible associated)
Reptilia
Procolophonomorpha -	"Bradysaurus seeleyi" = Bradysaurus seeleyi², "Bradysaurus vanderbyli" = Bradysaurus seeleyi "Bradysaurus seeleyi" = Bradysaurus seeleyi² Haughton and Boonstra 1929 parareptile "skull" "Bradysaurus vanderbyli" = Bradysaurus seeleyi Haughton and Boonstra 1929 parareptile SAM 8941 (not mentioned in Lee, 1997)
Osteichthyes
Dicynodontia -	Brachyprosopus broomi¹ Brachyprosopus broomi¹ Olson 1937 dicynodont SAM-PK-K7604a and SAM-PK- K7604b, two nearly complete but roughly preserved skulls that were found lying on top of each other and were separated during preparation
Therapsida - Anteosauridae	"Anteosaurus levops n. sp." = Anteosaurus magnificus², "Paranteosaurus primus n. sp." = Anteosaurus magnificus² "Anteosaurus levops n. sp." = Anteosaurus magnificus² Watson 1921 therapsid "Paranteosaurus primus n. sp." = Anteosaurus magnificus² Watson 1921 therapsid
Therapsida - Tapinocephalidae	Struthiocephalus whaitsi² Struthiocephalus whaitsi² Haughton 1915 therapsid
Therapsida - Titanosuchidae	Jonkeria sp.², "Titanosuchus ferox" = Titanosuchus ferox², "Parascapanodon avifontis" = Titanosuchus ferox² Jonkeria sp.² Hoepen 1916 therapsid "Titanosuchus ferox" = Titanosuchus ferox² Owen 1879 therapsid "femur" "Parascapanodon avifontis" = Titanosuchus ferox² Owen 1879 therapsid
Therapsida -	Gorgonopsia indet.³, "Galesuchus sp." = Eriphostoma² Gorgonopsia indet.³ Seeley 1894 therapsid SAM-PK-11490 "Galesuchus sp." = Eriphostoma² Broom 1911 therapsid

¹Angielczyk et al. 2016; ²Boonstra 1969; ³Kammerer et al. 2015; ⁴Marsicano et al. 2017