Subfamily Orthocardiinae Schneider 2002 (cockle)

Bivalvia - Cardiida - Cardiidae

Full reference: J. A. Schneider. 2002. Phylogeny of cardiid bivalves (cockles and giant clams): revision of the Cardiinae and theimportance of fossils in explaining dijunct biogeographical distributions. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Socciety 2002(136):321-369

Parent taxon: Eucardiids according to J. G. Carter et al. 2011

See also Bouchet et al. 2010 and Schneider 2002

Sister taxa: Cardiinae, Cerastodermatinae, Clinocardiinae, Fraginae, Lymnocardiinae, Profraginae, Trapezicardiinae, Tridacninae

Subtaxa: Afrocardium Freneixicardia Hedecardium Loxocardium Orthocardium

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Ecology: facultatively mobile infaunal suspension feeder

Distribution:

• Quaternary of Japan (1 collection)

• Pliocene of India (1)

• Miocene of Argentina (5), Australia (2), Cyprus (1), India (2), Indonesia (1), Japan (3), New Zealand (12), Vanuatu (1)

• Oligocene to Miocene of Argentina (1)

• Oligocene of Argentina (1), Australia (1), France (1), Italy (2), New Zealand (17)

• Eocene of Australia (3), Belgium (2), Bulgaria (2), Croatia (2), France (11), Germany (1), Italy (1), New Zealand (21), Nigeria (5), Spain (13), the United Kingdom (13)

• Paleocene of Belgium (7), Denmark (4), France (1), Germany (1), India (1), New Zealand (2)

Total: 142 collections including 157 occurrences

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