†family Merulinidae Verrill 1866 (stony coral)

Anthozoa - Scleractinia - Merulinidae

Parent taxon: Faviicae according to J. W. Wells 1956

Sister taxa: Anthemiphylliidae, Faviidae, Meandrinidae, Montlivaltiidae, Pectiniidae, Rhizangiidae, Tropiphyllidae

Subtaxa: Anisocoenia Antiguastrea Aquitanastraea Astrea Australogyra Bikiniastrea Boninastrea Cladocora Coelastrea Cyphastrea Dictuophyllia Diplogyra Dipsastraea Echinopora Edwardsastraea Erythrastrea Favites Goniastrea Hydnophora Hydnophyllia Leptoria Liptodendron Merulina Monticulastraea Mycedium Orbicella Oulophyllia Paraclavarina Paraleptoria Paramontastraea Parastrea Pectinia Phacellocoenia Platygyra Plavecia Procladocora Scapophyllia Tarbellastraea Trachyphyllia

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Type: Merulina

Ecology: stationary intermediate-level epifaunal photosymbiotic-suspension feeder

Distribution:

• Quaternary of Antigua and Barbuda (1 collection), Australia (85), the Bahamas (54), Barbados (73), Belize (7), Cayman Islands (44), China (2), Christmas Island (5), Colombia (50), Cook Islands (1), Costa Rica (29), Djibouti (2), Dominica (1), the Dominican Republic (15), Egypt (66), Eritrea (3), Fiji (1), France (2), French Polynesia (13), Greece (3), Guadeloupe (2), Guam (3), Haiti (10), India (7), Indonesia (17), Iran (5), Israel (1), Italy (8), Jamaica (10), Japan (88), Jordan (3), Kenya (34), Kiribati (1), Madagascar (1), Malaysia (1), Maldives (1), Mauritius (5), Mayotte (2), Mexico (2), Montserrat (1), the Netherlands Antilles (90), New Caledonia (34), New Zealand (16), Northern Mariana Islands (1), Pakistan (5), Palau (1), Panama (32), Papua New Guinea (34), the Philippines (9), Pitcairn (2), Puerto Rico (1), Saint Kitts and Nevis (6), Saint Lucia (1), Saudi Arabia (20), the Seychelles (11), Somalia (1), Spain (1), Sri Lanka (4), Sudan (1), Taiwan (6), Turks and Caicos Islands (1), Tuvalu (1), United States (30: Florida, Hawaii), Vanuatu (15), Venezuela (1), Virgin Islands (13)

• Pliocene to Pleistocene of the Bahamas (1), Costa Rica (9), Egypt (1), Indonesia (19), Jamaica (1), the Philippines (2), Saudi Arabia (2), United States (1: Florida), United States Minor Outlying Islands (1)

• Pliocene of the Bahamas (12), Costa Rica (14), Cuba (1), Cyprus (1), the Dominican Republic (23), Egypt (1), French Polynesia (1), Haiti (3), India (1), Indonesia (38), Italy (1), Jamaica (2), Japan (6), Malaysia (3), the Netherlands Antilles (13), Papua New Guinea (2), Spain (4), Taiwan (4), United States (4: California, Florida, Hawaii)

• Miocene to Pleistocene of Indonesia (1)

• Miocene to Pliocene of Aruba (1), the Dominican Republic (7), Indonesia (14), Malaysia (1), United States (1: Puerto Rico)

• Miocene of Algeria (12), Anguilla (2), Australia (2), Austria (20), Belgium (1), Brazil (1), Bulgaria (2), Colombia (10), Cyprus (3), the Dominican Republic (24), Egypt (11), Fiji (6), France (36), Greece (9), Grenada (3), Haiti (3), Hungary (5), Indonesia (42), Iran (14), Israel (1), Italy (14), Japan (4), Libya (2), Malaysia (1), Malta (3), the Marshall Islands (2), Mexico (6), Moldova (4), Morocco (15), the Netherlands Antilles (1), New Zealand (5), Pakistan (1), Panama (17), Papua New Guinea (7), Poland (4), Portugal (5), Romania (6), Saudi Arabia (4), Slovakia (3), Slovenia (1), Somalia (5), Spain (19), Sri Lanka (1), Sudan (1), Tanzania (1), Trinidad and Tobago (10), Turkey (13), Ukraine (2), United States (2: Florida), United States Minor Outlying Islands (1), Venezuela (2)

• Neogene of Poland (1)

• Oligocene to Miocene of Christmas Island (11), Indonesia (1), Somalia (1), United States (3: Florida)

• Oligocene of Antigua and Barbuda (10), Costa Rica (2), Cuba (2), the Dominican Republic (2), France (4), Greece (5), Haiti (1), India (1), Iran (3), Italy (59), Jamaica (2), Libya (4), Mexico (6), Puerto Rico (3), Saudi Arabia (2), Slovenia (4), Somalia (6), Spain (4), Turkey (5), United States (3: Florida, Georgia, Texas), Venezuela (4)

• Eocene to Oligocene of Greece (1)

• Eocene of Austria (1), Bosnia and Herzegovina (1), Christmas Island (1), Colombia (3), Croatia (3), Cuba (1), the Czech Republic (2), France (1), Germany (2), Hungary (6), Indonesia (2), Italy (10), Jamaica (3), the Marshall Islands (1), Mexico (5), North Atlantic (1), Pakistan (3), Panama (3), Papua New Guinea (1), Romania (1), Slovakia (2), Slovenia (1), Spain (9), Ukraine (1), United States (4: California, North Carolina, South Carolina)

• Tertiary of Indonesia (1)

• Paleocene of Antarctica (1), Argentina (2), Austria (1), Egypt (4), France (1), India (1), Iran (2), Italy (2), Pakistan (3), Puerto Rico (1), Slovakia (1), Somalia (2), Spain (2), United States (1: Alabama)

• Cretaceous of Austria (4), Bulgaria (4), China (4), Croatia (1), the Czech Republic (3), Egypt (3), France (1), Georgia (1), Germany (7), Greece (4), Iran (1), Jamaica (25), Japan (1), Madagascar (1), Mexico (8), the Netherlands (4), Oman (4), Pakistan (2), Poland (1), Portugal (1), Romania (2), Saudi Arabia (1), Serbia and Montenegro (7), Slovakia (2), Slovenia (3), Somalia (1), Spain (14), Switzerland (1), Tajikistan (1), Trinidad and Tobago (1), the United Arab Emirates (2), United States (3: California, Texas), Venezuela (3)

• Jurassic to Cretaceous of Poland (1)

• Jurassic of Algeria (1), India (1), Japan (1), Jordan (1), Lebanon (1), Tunisia (1), the United Kingdom (1)

• Triassic of Italy (1)

• Carboniferous of Belgium (1)

Total: 1935 collections including 4489 occurrences

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