Parent taxon: Craniopsida according to A. Williams et al. 2000
Sister taxon: Craniopsoidea
Subtaxa: Craniopsidae
Ecology: stationary epifaunal suspension feeder
Distribution:
• Carboniferous of Canada (1: Alberta collection)
• Devonian of Argentina (1), Australia (5), Brazil (6), Canada (3: New Brunswick, Ontario, Quebec), China (1), Colombia (1), United States (51: Indiana, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia)
• Jaani of Estonia (2), Lithuania (2)
• Silurian of Australia (2), Brazil (1), Canada (10: Nova Scotia, Ontario, Québec), China (9), the Czech Republic (3), Estonia (3), Ireland (1), Latvia (2), Lithuania (25), Mexico (5), Norway (3), the Russian Federation (2), Sweden (5), the United Kingdom (79), United States (38: California, Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Michigan and Ohio, New York, Oklahoma, Tennessee)
• Ordovician of Canada (20: Ontario, Quebec), China (8), the Czech Republic (2), Estonia (9), Kazakhstan (6), Myanmar (1), Portugal (1), the Russian Federation (2), Sweden (3), the United Kingdom (38), United States (53: Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Virginia)
• Cambrian of Greenland (2)
Total: 406 collections including 412 occurrences