Subfamily Elephantinae Gray 1821 (elephant)

Mammalia - Proboscidea - Elephantidae

Parent taxon: Elephantidae according to E. I. Rogaev et al. 2006

See also Maglio 1970, Maglio 1973, McKenna and Bell 1997, Osborn 1921, Sanders 2007, Shoshani and Tassy 1996 and Shoshani and Tassy 2005

Sister taxa: Selenetherium, Stegodibelodon, Stegodon, Stegodontinae, Stegotetrabelodon, Stegotetrabelodontinae, Suina

Subtaxa: Elephantini Loxodontini Primelephas

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Type: Elephas

Ecology: ground dwelling grazer-browser

Distribution:

• Quaternary of Algeria (2 collections), Azerbaijan (1), Belgium (1), Canada (30: Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Saskatchewan, Yukon), China (11), the Congo-Kinshasa (2), Cote D'Ivoire (1), Croatia (1), Cyprus (1), the Czech Republic (3), Djibouti (5), Egypt (2), El Salvador (2), Eritrea (2), Ethiopia (119), France (16), Georgia (2), Germany (33), Greece (67), Guatemala (4), Honduras (1), Hungary (2), India (4), Indonesia (5), Israel (4), Italy (33), Japan (10), Kazakhstan (1), Kenya (57), Kyrgyzstan (1), Libya (1), Malta (1), Mexico (43), Mongolia (1), Morocco (5), Namibia (1), the Netherlands (6), Nicaragua (2), North Atlantic (1), the Philippines (1), Portugal (7), Romania (16), the Russian Federation (17), Rwanda (1), Saudi Arabia (1), Slovakia (1), South Africa (19), Spain (27), Sri Lanka (1), Sudan (4), Syria (1), Taiwan (3), Tajikistan (1), Tanzania (30), Thailand (1), Turkey (2), Turkmenistan (6), the United Kingdom (19), United States (318: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming), Zambia (1)

• Blancan of El Salvador (1), Mexico (1), United States (4: California, Florida, Idaho, New Mexico)

• Pliocene to Holocene of the Congo-Kinshasa (1)

• Pliocene to Pleistocene of China (1), the Congo-Kinshasa (4), Djibouti (1), Ethiopia (6), France (2), Greece (4), Indonesia (1), Italy (4), Kenya (4), Malawi (4), Myanmar (2), Nepal (1), the Russian Federation (1), South Africa (1), Spain (2), Uganda (2)

• Pliocene of Azerbaijan (1), Chad (8), China (1), Ethiopia (37), Georgia (1), Greece (2), Hungary (4), India (6), Indonesia (10), Italy (11), Kazakhstan (1), Kenya (20), Malawi (3), Mexico (1), Morocco (1), Romania (6), the Russian Federation (6), South Africa (3), Spain (1), Tajikistan (2), Tanzania (25), Uganda (2), Ukraine (2), Uzbekistan (1)

• Baodean of China (1)

• Miocene to Pleistocene of the Netherlands (1), South Africa (1)

• Miocene to Pliocene of Chad (1), Ethiopia (4), Kenya (4), South Africa (4), Tanzania (4), Uganda (11)

• Miocene of Chad (4), Italy (1), Kenya (4), South Africa (1), Thailand (1), United States (1: Nebraska)

• Neogene of Myanmar (1), Taiwan (4), United States (1: West Virginia)

Total: 1212 collections including 1338 occurrences

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