Full reference: T. Nakai. 1930. Hisi-Shokubutsu. 70 pp.
Parent taxon: Campanulids according to The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 2016
See also Jud 2011, Mabberley 2000 and Taylor et al. 2008
Sister taxa: Aquifoliales, Asterales, Bruniales, Dipsacales, Escalloniales, Paracryphiales, Quintiniaceae
Subtaxa: Apiaceae Araliaceae Griseliniaceae Hederaephyllum Hederophyllum Hydrocotyle Hydrocotylophyllum Myodocarpaceae Oenanthe Pennantiaceae Pittosporaceae Torricelliaceae
Ecology: "photoautotroph"
Distribution:
• Quaternary of Argentina (2 collections), Australia (43), India (35), Japan (1), United States (2: North Carolina, Virginia)
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of France (1), Italy (2), Tanzania (1)
• Pliocene of China (1), Germany (5), Portugal (9), the Russian Federation (1)
• Miocene to Pliocene of France (1), Japan (1), South Africa (1)
• Miocene of China (4), Germany (7), India (1), Japan (1), Poland (2), the Russian Federation (15), Saudi Arabia (1), United States (3: Massachusetts, Virginia)
• Oligocene to Miocene of Argentina (1), Australia (4), New Zealand (1)
• Oligocene of China (1), France (1), Germany (7), the Russian Federation (8)
• Eocene to Miocene of Argentina (1)
• Eocene of Argentina (1), Canada (1: British Columbia), India (4), Japan (2), United States (13: Colorado, Wyoming)
• Paleocene of Canada (1: Saskatchewan), China (1)
• Tertiary of Japan (1)
• Cretaceous of Antarctica (4), Argentina (1), Canada (13: Alberta, British Columbia), India (1), the Russian Federation (5), United States (15: Georgia, Kansas, Montana, North Dakota, South Carolina, Virginia, Wyoming)
Total: 227 collections including 360 occurrences