Bivalvia - Ostreida - Gryphaeidae
Alternative spelling: Phygraea
Parent taxon: Pycnodonte according to S. Mendir et al. 2021
See also Brezina et al. 2014, Brezina et al. 2017, Casadio 1998, Gliozzi and Malatesta 1983, Kiessling 2003, Sepkoski 2002, Squires 1999, Squires 2018, Squires and Demetrion 1990, Squires and Demetrion 1992 and Wilson 1987
Sister taxa: Gryphaea belli, Pycnodonta frauscheri, Pycnodonta rarilamella, Pycnodonta vesicularis, Pycnodonte (Costeina), Pycnodonte (Crenostrea), Pycnodonte (Gigantostrea), Pycnodonte (Pegma), Pycnodonte (Pycnodonte), Pycnodonte amakusensis, Pycnodonte costei, Pycnodonte erici, Pycnodonte ewekoroensis, Pycnodonte gryphovicinus, Pycnodonte heermanni, Pycnodonte loeli, Pycnodonte nigeriensis, Pycnodonte percrassa, Pycnodonte squarrosa, Pycnodonte trigonalis, Pycnodonte vesicularis
Subtaxa: Phygraea badgeri Phygraea haleyi Phygraea lincolnensis Phygraea newberryi Phygraea pacifica Phygraea stewarti Pycnodonte (Phygraea) burckhardti Pycnodonte (Phygraea) proteus Pycnodonte (Phygraea) pseudovesicularis Pycnodonte (Phygraea) sarmientoi Pycnodonte (Phygraea) vesicularis Pycnodonte (Phygraea) wratheri
Ecology: stationary epifaunal suspension feeder
Distribution:
• Oligocene of United States (7: Alaska, California, Washington collections)
• Eocene of Canada (1: British Columbia), Mexico (8), United States (16: California)
• Paleocene of Argentina (68), Austria (2), Bulgaria (4), China (2), Denmark (2), France (1), United States (1: California)
• Cretaceous of Afghanistan (7), Algeria (1), Angola (3), Antarctica (6), Argentina (15), Austria (3), Belgium (1), Brazil (15), China (1), the Czech Republic (7), Denmark (1), Egypt (12), France (3), Germany (3), India (6), Italy (2), Jordan (1), Libya (5), Morocco (1), Oman (1), Poland (9), Portugal (2), Sweden (1), Switzerland (1), Tunisia (1), the United Arab Emirates (1), the United Kingdom (3), United States (12: Alabama, Arkansas, Mississippi, New Jersey, North Carolina, Tennessee, Texas)
Total: 236 collections including 239 occurrences