Gastropoda - Trochoidea - Turbinidae
Alternative spelling: Astraea (Bolma)
Parent taxon: Turbininae according to P. Bouchet et al. 2005
See also Harzhauser 2002, Kensley and Pether 1986, Ladd 1972, Ladd 1982, MacNeil 1960, Mandic et al. 2002, Marasti 1973, Sepkoski 2002 and Wilson 1993
Sister taxa: Astralium, Barbotella, Calcar, Deikella, Guildfordia, Heteroninella, Lithopoma, Pseudastralium, Pseudophasianus, Sarmaturbo, Tectariopsis, Turbo, Nummogaultina, Rothpletzella, Imperator
Subtaxa: Astraea (Bolma) granosa Bolma (Ormastralium) Bolma anoropha Bolma aureola Bolma carinata Bolma rugosus Bolma stearnsi Bolma virgata
Ecology: epifaunal grazer
Distribution:
• Quaternary of France (2 collections), Greece (2), Italy (2), Japan (4), Morocco (1), Spain (8), Vanuatu (1)
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of Guam (1)
• Pliocene of Cyprus (1), Greece (2), Italy (1), South Africa (1), Spain (7)
• Miocene to Pliocene of Japan (1)
• Miocene of Austria (7), Greece (2), Italy (4), Japan (2), Poland (1), Slovakia (4), Turkey (1)
• Oligocene of Italy (1), New Zealand (2)
• Eocene of Australia (2), New Zealand (1), Tonga (1)
Total: 62 collections including 85 occurrences
Specimen images are retrieved through the ePANDDA API.
Click image to enlarge. Click to access iDigBio record.