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Granulina

Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Cystiscidae

Taxonomy
Granulina was named by Jousseaume (1888) [Sepkoski's age data: T Plio R Sepkoski's reference number: 909]. It is extant.

It was assigned to Marginellidae by Ward and Blackwelder (1987) and Wilson (1993); to Opisthobranchia by Sepkoski (2002); and to Cystiscidae by Todd (2001) and Hendy et al. (2008).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1888Granulina Jousseaume
1987Granulina Ward and Blackwelder p. 132
1993Granulina Wilson p. 142
2001Granulina Todd
2002Granulina Sepkoski
2008Granulina Hendy et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classGastropoda
RankNameAuthor
subclassCaenogastropoda(Cox 1959)
—Sorbeoconcha(Ponder and Lindberg 1997)
—Hypsogastropoda(Ponder and Lindberg 1997)
superorderLatrogastropodaRiedel 2000
orderNeogastropodaThiele 1929
superfamilyMuricoideade Costa 1776
familyCystiscidaeStimpson 1865
genusGranulinaJousseaume 1888

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Granulina Jousseaume 1888
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Granulina margaritula Carpenter 1857
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Invalid names: Cypraeolina pyriformis Carpenter 1864 [synonym]
†Granulina nitrina Mansfield 1925
Granulina ovuliformis d'Orbigny 1842
†Granulina pycna Woodring 1928
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitec
Locomotion: actively mobilef
Life habit: epifaunalf
Diet: carnivoref
Vision: limitedc
Created: 2009-09-10 08:20:24
Modified: 2009-09-10 10:20:24
Source: f = family, c = class
References: Kiessling 2004, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Serravallian to the top of the Holocene or 13.82000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 11.62 Ma

Collections (53 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Trinidad and Tobago Marginella nitrina (74920)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62USA (Florida) G. defuniak (111204)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Ecuador G. margaritida (96596)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588USA (North Carolina) G. ovuliformis (58895)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588Jamaica Cypraeolina pycna (58522) G. pycna (69090 69094)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588USA (Florida) Cypraeolina ovuliformis (59484)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588Venezuela G. sp. (131210)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588USA (Virginia) G. ovuliformis (78265 78266 78269)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Panama (Bocas) G. sp. (79989 135876 135885)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Italy (Emilia-Romagna) G. occulta (178117)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806USA (North Carolina) G. ovuliformis (71138)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Costa Rica Marginella margaritula (66778)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781USA (North Carolina) G. ovuliformis (58897)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781USA (California) G. margaritula (202495 202496)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781USA (Florida) Gibberulina ovuliformis (41501)
Early/Lower Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (California) Cypraeolina pyriformis (223075)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (California) Cypraeolina pyriformis (201624)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Mexico (Baja California) Cypraeolina pyriformis (96590 96592 96593)
Quaternary2.58 - 0.0USA (California) Gibberulina pyriformis (37933 37936 37940 37947 37948)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Costa Rica (Limon) G. sp. (79842 79845)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774USA (Florida) Gibberulina ovuliformis (41705)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129USA (California) Cypraeolina margaritula (138723) Cypraeolina pyriformis (202633 203095 203108 203114 223329 223525) G. margaritula (202493 202494) Marginella pyriformis (203113)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Virginia) G. ovuliformis (57702)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Ecuador Cypraeolina margaritula (96867)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Mexico (Baja California) Cypraeolina pyriformis (96591)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Mexico Cypraeolina pyriformis (52347)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) G. ovuliformis (96538)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (California) G. margaritula (96901) Hyalina pyriformis (59063)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Venezuela G. ovuliformis (131223)