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Halkieria
Taxonomy
Halkieria was named by Poulsen (1967) [Sepkoski's age data: ]. Its type is Halkieria obliqua. It is the type genus of Halkieriidae.
It was assigned to Sachitida by Sepkoski (2002); to Halwaxida by Conway Morris and Caron (2007); to Halkieriinae by Parkhaev and Demidenko (2010); and to Halkieriidae by Poulsen (1967), Conway Morris and Chapman (1997) and Kouchinsky et al. (2017).
It was assigned to Sachitida by Sepkoski (2002); to Halwaxida by Conway Morris and Caron (2007); to Halkieriinae by Parkhaev and Demidenko (2010); and to Halkieriidae by Poulsen (1967), Conway Morris and Chapman (1997) and Kouchinsky et al. (2017).
Species
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1967 | Halkieria Poulsen |
1981 | Dactyosachites He p. 88 |
1981 | Microsachites He p. 89 |
1984 | Acrosquama Qian and Xiao p. 72 |
1984 | Acuminachites Qian and Yin p. 105 |
1997 | Halkieria Conway Morris and Chapman p. 8 |
2002 | Halkieria Sepkoski |
2007 | Halkieria Conway Morris and Caron p. 1258 |
2010 | Halkieria Parkhaev and Demidenko p. 985 |
2017 | Halkieria Kouchinsky et al. p. 382 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Halkieria Poulsen 1967
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†Halkieria amorphe Meshkova 1974
†Halkieria curvativa Missarzhevsky and Mambetov 1981
†Halkieria denlanatiformis Missarzhevsky and Mambetov 1981
†Halkieria evangelista Conway Morris and Peel 1995
†Halkieria mira Qian and Xiao 1984
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Invalid names: Sachites glossoides Gao et al. 1985 [synonym], Sachites liratus Gao et al. 1985 [synonym]
†Halkieria obliqua Poulsen 1967
†Halkieria sacciformis Meshkova 1969
†Halkieria sthenobasis Luo and Jiang 1982
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Invalid names: Halkieria toruliformis Wang 1994 [synonym]
†Halkieria stonei Landing et al. 1989
†Halkieria trianguliformis Missarzhevsky and Mambetov 1981
†Halkieria undulatus Wang 1994
†Halkieria wangi Parkhaev and Demidenko 2010
Invalid names: Acrosquama Qian and Xiao 1984 [synonym], Acuminachites Qian and Yin 1984 [synonym], Dactyosachites He 1981 [synonym], Microsachites He 1981 [synonym]
Diagnosis
Reference | Diagnosis | |
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P. Y. Parkhaev and Y. Demidenko 2010 | "Hollow elongated asymmetrical sclerites of three distinct morphotypes, i.e., palmate, cultrate, and siculate types. Each sclerite composed of distinct base and blade, which is several times longer than base. Base usually bent towards lower side of sclerite, forming variable angle with blade. Base usually bears foramen, which often repeat shape of cross-section of sclerite base. Sclerites bent to different extent. Upper surface of sclerite usually convex, bears longitudinal (rarely transversal) ribs and carinae, sometimes ornamented by tubercles. Lower surface flattened or concave, smooth or with transversal striation." |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: g = genus | |||||
Reference: Porter 2007 |
Collections (124 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
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Jinnigian | China (Yunnan) | H. sp., H. sthenobasis (201549 201551) H. sthenobasis (201510) | |
Nemakit-Daldynian | Russian Federation (Siberia) | H. longa, H. amorphe (50317) H. saccifromis (50419) | |
Nemakit-Daldynian | Russian Federation (Khabarovsk Krai) | H. sacciformis (50367) | |
Nemakit-Daldynian | Mongolia (Govi-Altay) | H. projecta (99556 99557) | |
Nemakit-Daldynian | Russian Federation (Khabarovsk) | H. sp. (99465) | |
Nemakit-Daldynian | China (Shaanxi) | H. sthenobasis (86566) | |
Nemakit-Daldynian | China (Yunnan) | H. sthenobasis (171898) | |
Nemakit-Daldynian - Tommotian | Russian Federation (Sakha) | H. costata, H. sp., H. sacciformis (99229) | |
Placentian | USA (Massachusetts) | H. sp. (56827) | |
Early/Lower Cambrian | China (Shaanxi) | H. sthenobasis (86613) | |
Meishucunian | China (Hubei) | Sachites sacciformis (107634) | |
Meishucunian | China (Shaanxi) | Sachites sacciformis, Sachites amorphe (107790) | |
Meishucunian | China (Xinjiang) | Acrosquama mira (107481) | |
Meishucunian | China (Yunnan) | H. sp. (201557 201560 201574 201576 201577 201578 201580 201583 201585 201586 201587 201588 201589 201590 201591 201593 201594) H. sp., H. sthenobasis (201556 201558 201563 201566) H. sthenobasis (201523 201548 201552 201553 201554 201555 201564 201565) | |
Meishucunian - Tommotian | China (Yunnan) | H. sthenobasis (96284 96285 96286 96287 96288 96289 96290 96292 96296) H. undulata, H. sacciformis, H. sthenobasis, H. wangi (96449) H. undulatus, H. toruliformis (50465) | |
Tommotian | Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk Krai) | H. sp. (233198) | |
Tommotian | Canada (Nova Scotia) | H. fordi (6896) | |
Tommotian | Russian Federation (Sakha) | H. sp. (233167 233169) | |
Tommotian | Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) | H. sp. (56958 56959) H. stonei (87108 87332 87334) | |
Tommotian | Russian Federation (Siberia) | H. intercostata (50428) H. sacciformis (50319 50321 50369 50430) H. saccifromis (50368) | |
Tommotian | Russian Federation | H. costulata, H. sacciformis (90089) | |
Tommotian | Kazakhstan | H. denlanatiformis, H. sacciformis (99361) H. denlanatiformis, H. sacciformis, H. amorphe (99298 99315) H. sacciformis (99331) | |
Tommotian | Russian Federation (Yakutiya) | H. costulata, H. sacciformis (90088) H. sacciformis (80796 80812) H. sp. (80809) Sachites sacciformis (80952) | |
Tommotian | Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk) | H. sp. (99484) | |
Tommotian | Russian Federation (Khabarovsk Krai) | H. sacciformis (50420) H. saccifromis, H. tongus (50314) H. sp. (50370) | |
Tommotian | China (Yunnan) | H. undulata, H. sacciformis, H. sthenobasis, H. wangi (171902) | |
Tommotian | USA (Massachusetts) | H. sp. (56830) | |
Tommotian - Atdabanian | China (Xinjiang) | H. mira (6814) | |
Tommotian - Atdabanian | Canada (Nova Scotia) | H. fordi (6897) | |
Atdabanian | Russian Federation (Krasnoyarskiy Kray) | H. sp. (80843) | |
Atdabanian | Kyrgyzstan | H. sacciformis (99326 99327) | |
Atdabanian | Kazakhstan | H. amorphe, H. trianguliformis, H. curvativa (99300) H. curvativa (99299 99301 99316 99332) | |
Atdabanian | Greenland (Peary Land) | H. evangelista (90574) | |
Atdabanian | China (Xinjiang) | H. mira (6815 7824 7825 7826 7827) | |
Atdabanian | Australia (South Australia) | H. sclerites (96454) H. sp. (96960) | |
Atdabanian | Greenland (Pearyland) | H. sp. (9917) | |
Atdabanian | Russian Federation (Siberia) | H. sp. (174247 174257) | |
Atdabanian | China (Yunnan) | H. sthenobasis (86691) | |
Atdabanian | Canada (Nova Scotia) | H. fordi (9385 9386 9390) | |
Nangaoian - Atdabanian | China (Yunnan) | H. sthenobasis (96446) | |
Atdabanian - Botomian | Canada (Nova Scotia) | H. fordi (9391) | |
Branchian | USA (Massachusetts) | H. sp. (56838 56840) | |
Botomian | Australia (South Australia) | H. sclerites (67981 172616) | |
Botomian | USA (Massachusetts) | H. sp. (56839) | |
Botomian | China (Shaanxi) | H. sp. (199516) | |
Dyeran | USA (New York) | H. sp. (78765 171821) | |
Toyonian | Turkey (Konya) | H. spp. (91535) |