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Rhineuroidea

Reptilia

Taxonomy
Rhineuroidea was named by Kearney (2003). It is extant.

It was assigned to Amphisbaenia by Kearney (2003) and Stocker and Kirk (2016).

Subtaxa
Aulura, Rhineuridae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
2003Rhineuroidea Kearney
2016Rhineuroidea Stocker and Kirk

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
RankNameAuthor
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
—Squamata()
infraorderAmphisbaeniaGray 1844
—Rhineuroidea
—Rhineuroidea

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. Rhineuroidea Kearney 2003
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G. Aulura Barbour 1914 [Barbour's worm lizards]
Fm. Rhineuridae Vanzolini 1951
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G. †Archaerhineura Longrich et al. 2015
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†Archaerhineura mephitis Longrich et al. 2015
G. †Dyticonastis Berman 1976
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†Dyticonastis rensbergeri Berman 1976
G. †Hadrorhineura Hembree 2007
G. †Jepsibaena Vanzolini 1951
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†Jepsibaena minor Gilmore and Jepsen 1945
G. †Lestophis Marsh 1885
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†Lestophis anceps Marsh 1871
†Lestophis crassus Marsh 1871
Invalid names: Limnophis Marsh 1871 [replaced]
G. †Macrorhineura Macdonald 1970
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†Macrorhineura skinneri Macdonald 1970
G. †Oligorhineura Dickson 1997
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†Oligorhineura sternbergii Dickson 1997
G. †Ototriton Loomis 1919
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†Ototriton solidus Loomis 1919
G. †Plesiorhineura Sullivan 1985
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†Plesiorhineura tsentasi Sullivan 1985
G. †Protorhineura Hembree 2007
G. Rhineura Cope 1861 [worm lizard]
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Rhineura floridana Baird 1858 [North American worm lizard]
†Rhineura hatcherii Baur 1893
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Invalid names: Rhineura amblyceps Taylor 1951 [synonym], Rhineura attenuatus Taylor 1951 [synonym], Rhineura coloradoensis Cope 1873 [synonym], Rhineura hibbardi Taylor 1951 [synonym], Rhineura minutus Gilmore 1938 [synonym], Rhineura sternbergii Walker 1932 [synonym], Rhineura wilsoni Taylor 1951 [synonym]
†Rhineura marslandensis Yatkola 1976
†Rhineura sepultura Holman 1979
Invalid names: Gilmoreia Taylor 1951 [synonym], Pseudorhineura Vanzolini 1951 [synonym]
G. †Solastella Stocker and Kirk 2016
+
†Solastella cookei Stocker and Kirk 2016
G. †Spathorhynchus Berman 1973
+
†Spathorhynchus fossorium Berman 1973
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialinfrao
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: fossorialinfrao
Diet: insectivoreinfrao
Created: 2005-09-16 14:12:18
Modified: 2005-09-16 16:12:18
Source: infrao = infraorder, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Pianka and Vitt 2003

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Tiffanian to the top of the Rancholabrean or 61.70000 to 0.01200 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 60.9 Ma

Collections (41 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Torrejonian63.8 - 60.9USA (New Mexico) Plesiorhineura tsentasi (14893 34495)
Tiffanian61.7 - 56.8USA (Wyoming) Rhineuridae indet. (15029)
Lysitean - Lostcabinian55.8 - 50.3USA (Wyoming) Jepsibaena sp. (15451)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6USA (Wyoming) Ototriton solidus (136100)
Bridgerian50.3 - 46.2USA (Wyoming) Glyptosaurus anceps (16228) Lestophis crassus (16281) Lestophis sp., Rhineura sp. (16244) Ototriton minor (16207) Rhineura sp. (16432) Spathorhynchus fossorium (136094)
Early/Lower Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (California) Rhineuridae indet. (16706)
Late/Upper Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (Texas) Solastella cookei (16614)
Bartonian - Rupelian41.3 - 28.1Mexico (Oaxaca) Rhineura sp. (166797)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (North Dakota) Rhineura sp., Spathorhynchus sp. (16991)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Colorado) Rhineura coloradoensis (16977)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Wyoming) Spathorhynchus natronicus (16963 16964)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9Canada (Saskatchewan) Lestophis sp. (16919)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (South Dakota) Rhineura hatcherii (17067 179966) Rhineura sp. (17094)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (Colorado) Rhineura amblyceps, Rhineura wilsoni (17081) Rhineura hatcheri (180723) Rhineura hibbardi, Rhineura amblyceps, Rhineura wilsoni (180696)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (Wyoming) Rhineura minutus, Rhineura sternbergii, Gilmoreia attenuatus (125185)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (Nebraska) Rhineura hatcherii (17059 179967)
Whitneyan33.3 - 30.8USA (Oregon) Dyticonastis rensbergeri (136093)
Geringian30.8 - 26.3USA (Oregon) Dyticonastis rensbergeri (93078)
Geringian30.8 - 26.3USA (South Dakota) Macrorhineura skinneri (17641)
Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (Florida) Rhineuridae indet. (17476)
early Late Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (Oregon) Dyticonastis rensbergeri (180567)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03USA (Oregon) Dyticonastis rensbergeri (93079)
Monroecreekian - Harrisonian26.3 - 18.5USA (Oregon) Dyticonastis rensbergeri (17528)
Early/Lower Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Nebraska) Rhineura marslandensis (17881 17963)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (South Dakota) Rhineura sepultura (17878)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (Nebraska) Rhineura sp. (18284)
Rancholabrean0.3 - 0.012USA (Florida) Rhineura floridana (20491)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Rhineura floridana (20650)