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Taxonomy
Phocadae was named by Gray (1821). It is extant. Its type is Phoca.
It was corrected as Phocidae by Gray (1825), Bonaparte (1849), Bonaparte (1850), Gill (1866), Gray (1871), Allen (1880), Flower (1883), Ameghino (1889), Cope (1889), Flower and Lydekker (1891), Trouessart (1898), Hay (1902), Trouessart (1904), Jaekel (1911), Turner (1912), Kellogg (1922), Zittel (1925), Weber (1928), Dal Piaz (1929), Hay (1930), Sherman (1952), Scheffer and Rice (1963), Burns and Fay (1970), Stirling (1971), Ginsburg and Janvier (1971), Hendey (1974), Tedford (1976), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Muizon (1982), Thomas et al. (1982), Kovacs and Lavigne (1986), Carroll (1988), Berta et al. (1989), Riedman (1990), Vidal (1991), Berta (1991), Nowak (1991), Ling and Bryden (1992), Berta (1994), Berta (1994), McKenna and Bell (1997), Rice (1998), Ginsburg and Janvier (1999), Koretsky (2001), Cozzuol (2001), Rice (2002), Berta (2002), Koretsky and Grigorescu (2002), Deméré et al. (2003), Adam (2004), Davis et al. (2004), Wilson and Reeder (2005), Rice (2009), Canto et al. (2010), Diedrich (2011), Koretsky et al. (2012), Valenzuela-Toro et al. (2013), Koretsky and Rahmat (2013), Koretsky et al. (2014), Koretsky and Domning (2014), Boessenecker and Churchill (2015), Valenzuela-Toro et al. (2015), Koretsky et al. (2015), Valenzuela-Toro et al. (2016), Boessenecker and Churchill (2016), Rahmat and Koretsky (2016), Berta (2017), Rahmat and Koretsky (2018), Dewaele and Lambert (2018), Berta (2018), Kienle and Berta (2019), Hafed et al. (2021), Dewaele and de Muizon (2024) and Valenzuela-Toro et al. (2024).
It was assigned to Amphibiae by Gray (1821); to Ferae by Gray (1825); to Phocidi by Jaekel (1911); to Musteloidea by Tedford (1976) and Muizon (1982); to Arctoidea by Carroll (1988); to Pinnipedia by Bonaparte (1849), Bonaparte (1850), Gill (1866), Gray (1871), Allen (1880), Flower (1883), Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904), Kellogg (1922), Dal Piaz (1929), Hay (1930), Stirling (1971), Ginsburg and Janvier (1971), Thomas et al. (1982), Berta et al. (1989), Berta (1991), Nowak (1991), Berta (1994) and Davis et al. (2004); to Caniformia by Wilson and Reeder (2005); to Carnivora by Cozzuol (2001), Canto et al. (2010) and Koretsky and Domning (2014); to Pinnipedia by Cope (1889), Flower and Lydekker (1891), Hay (1902), Turner (1912), Zittel (1925), Weber (1928), Sherman (1952), Hendey (1974), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Kovacs and Lavigne (1986), Vidal (1991), Ginsburg and Janvier (1999), Adam (2004), Diedrich (2011) and Boessenecker and Churchill (2016); to Phocomorpha by Kienle and Berta (2019); to Phocoidea by Scheffer and Rice (1963), Burns and Fay (1970), Riedman (1990), Ling and Bryden (1992), Berta (1994), McKenna and Bell (1997), Rice (1998), Koretsky (2001), Rice (2002), Berta (2002), Koretsky and Grigorescu (2002), Deméré et al. (2003), Rice (2009), Koretsky et al. (2012), Koretsky and Rahmat (2013), Koretsky et al. (2014), Boessenecker and Churchill (2015), Koretsky et al. (2015), Rahmat and Koretsky (2016), Rahmat and Koretsky (2018) and Hafed et al. (2021); and to Pinnipedia by Ameghino (1889), Valenzuela-Toro et al. (2013), Valenzuela-Toro et al. (2015), Valenzuela-Toro et al. (2016), Berta (2017), Dewaele and Lambert (2018), Berta (2018), Dewaele and de Muizon (2024) and Valenzuela-Toro et al. (2024).
It was corrected as Phocidae by Gray (1825), Bonaparte (1849), Bonaparte (1850), Gill (1866), Gray (1871), Allen (1880), Flower (1883), Ameghino (1889), Cope (1889), Flower and Lydekker (1891), Trouessart (1898), Hay (1902), Trouessart (1904), Jaekel (1911), Turner (1912), Kellogg (1922), Zittel (1925), Weber (1928), Dal Piaz (1929), Hay (1930), Sherman (1952), Scheffer and Rice (1963), Burns and Fay (1970), Stirling (1971), Ginsburg and Janvier (1971), Hendey (1974), Tedford (1976), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Muizon (1982), Thomas et al. (1982), Kovacs and Lavigne (1986), Carroll (1988), Berta et al. (1989), Riedman (1990), Vidal (1991), Berta (1991), Nowak (1991), Ling and Bryden (1992), Berta (1994), Berta (1994), McKenna and Bell (1997), Rice (1998), Ginsburg and Janvier (1999), Koretsky (2001), Cozzuol (2001), Rice (2002), Berta (2002), Koretsky and Grigorescu (2002), Deméré et al. (2003), Adam (2004), Davis et al. (2004), Wilson and Reeder (2005), Rice (2009), Canto et al. (2010), Diedrich (2011), Koretsky et al. (2012), Valenzuela-Toro et al. (2013), Koretsky and Rahmat (2013), Koretsky et al. (2014), Koretsky and Domning (2014), Boessenecker and Churchill (2015), Valenzuela-Toro et al. (2015), Koretsky et al. (2015), Valenzuela-Toro et al. (2016), Boessenecker and Churchill (2016), Rahmat and Koretsky (2016), Berta (2017), Rahmat and Koretsky (2018), Dewaele and Lambert (2018), Berta (2018), Kienle and Berta (2019), Hafed et al. (2021), Dewaele and de Muizon (2024) and Valenzuela-Toro et al. (2024).
It was assigned to Amphibiae by Gray (1821); to Ferae by Gray (1825); to Phocidi by Jaekel (1911); to Musteloidea by Tedford (1976) and Muizon (1982); to Arctoidea by Carroll (1988); to Pinnipedia by Bonaparte (1849), Bonaparte (1850), Gill (1866), Gray (1871), Allen (1880), Flower (1883), Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904), Kellogg (1922), Dal Piaz (1929), Hay (1930), Stirling (1971), Ginsburg and Janvier (1971), Thomas et al. (1982), Berta et al. (1989), Berta (1991), Nowak (1991), Berta (1994) and Davis et al. (2004); to Caniformia by Wilson and Reeder (2005); to Carnivora by Cozzuol (2001), Canto et al. (2010) and Koretsky and Domning (2014); to Pinnipedia by Cope (1889), Flower and Lydekker (1891), Hay (1902), Turner (1912), Zittel (1925), Weber (1928), Sherman (1952), Hendey (1974), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Kovacs and Lavigne (1986), Vidal (1991), Ginsburg and Janvier (1999), Adam (2004), Diedrich (2011) and Boessenecker and Churchill (2016); to Phocomorpha by Kienle and Berta (2019); to Phocoidea by Scheffer and Rice (1963), Burns and Fay (1970), Riedman (1990), Ling and Bryden (1992), Berta (1994), McKenna and Bell (1997), Rice (1998), Koretsky (2001), Rice (2002), Berta (2002), Koretsky and Grigorescu (2002), Deméré et al. (2003), Rice (2009), Koretsky et al. (2012), Koretsky and Rahmat (2013), Koretsky et al. (2014), Boessenecker and Churchill (2015), Koretsky et al. (2015), Rahmat and Koretsky (2016), Rahmat and Koretsky (2018) and Hafed et al. (2021); and to Pinnipedia by Ameghino (1889), Valenzuela-Toro et al. (2013), Valenzuela-Toro et al. (2015), Valenzuela-Toro et al. (2016), Berta (2017), Dewaele and Lambert (2018), Berta (2018), Dewaele and de Muizon (2024) and Valenzuela-Toro et al. (2024).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1821 | Phocadae Gray p. 302 |
1825 | Phocidae Gray p. 340 |
1849 | Phocidae Bonaparte p. 618 |
1850 | Phocidae Bonaparte p. 1 |
1850 | Manatus maeoticus Eichwald |
1860 | Manatus maeoticus Nordmann p. 330 |
1860 | Phoca ambigua Staring |
1866 | Phocidae Gill p. 5 |
1871 | Phocidae Gray p. 1 |
1880 | Phocidae Allen p. 412 |
1883 | Phocidae Flower p. 186 |
1889 | Phocidae Ameghino p. 342 |
1889 | Phocidae Cope p. 876 |
1891 | Phocidae Flower and Lydekker p. 91 |
1898 | Phocidae Trouessart p. 377 |
1902 | Phocidae Hay p. 784 |
1904 | Phocidae Trouessart p. 282 |
1911 | Phocidae Jaekel p. 229 |
1912 | Phocidae Turner p. 177 |
1922 | Phocidae Kellogg p. 44 |
1924 | Phoca novorossica Alekseev p. 202 figs. Plate 1, Figures 8-11 |
1925 | Phoca novorossica Alekseev p. 138 |
1925 | Phoca bessarabica Simonescu |
1925 | Phocidae Zittel p. 78 |
1928 | Phocidae Weber p. 351 |
1929 | Phocidae Dal Piaz p. 71 |
1930 | Phocidae Hay p. 561 |
1931 | Phoca bessarabica Simionescu p. 187 |
1937 | Miophoca vetusta Zapfe |
1937 | Miophoca Zapfe p. 275 |
1937 | Miophoca vetusta Zapfe p. 275 figs. Figure 1 |
1944 | Phoca bessarabica Macarovici p. 136 |
1944 | Manatus maeoticus Macarovici p. 137 |
1947 | Monachus (Miophoca) Friant p. 6 |
1947 | Monachus (Miophoca) vetusta Friant p. 6 |
1947 | Phoca (Phoca) bessarabica Friant p. 7 |
1947 | Phoca (Phoca) novorossica Friant p. 7 |
1950 | Pristiphoca (Miophoca) Thenius p. 106 |
1950 | Pristiphoca (Miophoca) vetusta Thenius p. 107 |
1952 | Phocidae Sherman p. 90 |
1960 | Phoca bessarabica McLaren p. 58 |
1960 | Phoca novorossica McLaren p. 58 |
1963 | Phocidae Scheffer and Rice p. 3 |
1970 | Phocidae Burns and Fay p. 379 |
1971 | Phocidae Ginsburg and Janvier p. 162 |
1971 | Phocidae Stirling pp. 1-3 |
1974 | Phocidae Hendey p. 66 |
1976 | Phocidae Tedford p. 372 |
1980 | Phocidae Kurten and Anderson p. 204 |
1982 | Phocidae Muizon p. 262 figs. Fig. 1 |
1982 | Phocidae Thomas et al. p. 1 |
1986 | Phocidae Kovacs and Lavigne p. 1 |
1988 | Phocidae Carroll |
1989 | Phocidae Berta et al. p. 61 figs. Fig. 3 |
1990 | Phocidae Riedman p. 57 figs. Table 2 |
1991 | Phocidae Berta p. 29 figs. Fig. 22 |
1991 | Phocidae Nowak |
1991 | Phocidae Vidal p. 6 |
1992 | Phocidae Ling and Bryden p. 1 |
1994 | Phocidae Berta p. 25 figs. Fig. 21 |
1997 | Phocidae McKenna and Bell p. 254 |
1998 | Phocidae Rice |
1999 | Phocidae Ginsburg and Janvier p. 170 |
2001 | Phocidae Cozzuol p. 415 |
2001 | Phocidae Koretsky p. 33 |
2001 | Miophoca Koretsky p. 87 |
2001 | Miophoca vetusta Koretsky p. 87 |
2002 | Phocidae Berta p. 923 |
2002 | Phocidae Koretsky and Grigorescu p. 150 |
2002 | Phocidae Rice p. 231 figs. Table 1 |
2003 | Phocidae Deméré et al. p. 49 figs. Fig. 3.3 |
2003 | Pristiphoca vetusta Deméré et al. p. 63 |
2004 | Phocidae Adam p. 1 |
2004 | Phocidae Davis et al. p. 372 |
2005 | Phocidae Wilson and Reeder |
2009 | Phocidae Rice p. 235 figs. Table 1 |
2010 | Phocidae Canto et al. p. 22 |
2011 | Phocidae Diedrich p. 916 |
2012 | Phocidae Koretsky et al. p. 5 |
2013 | Phocidae Koretsky and Rahmat p. 330 |
2013 | Phocidae Valenzuela-Toro et al. p. 217 |
2014 | Phocidae Koretsky and Domning p. 224 |
2014 | Phocidae Koretsky et al. p. 421 |
2015 | Phocidae Boessenecker and Churchill p. 3 |
2015 | Phocidae Koretsky et al. p. 58 |
2015 | Phocidae Valenzuela-Toro et al. |
2016 | Phocidae Boessenecker and Churchill |
2016 | Phocidae Rahmat and Koretsky p. 73 |
2016 | Phocidae Valenzuela-Toro et al. p. 4 |
2017 | Phocidae Berta p. 156 |
2018 | Phocidae Berta p. 713 figs. Fig. 2 |
2018 | Phocidae Dewaele and Lambert p. 6 |
2018 | Phocidae Rahmat and Koretsky p. 511 |
2019 | Phocidae Kienle and Berta |
2021 | Phocidae Hafed et al. p. 707 |
2024 | Phocidae Dewaele and de Muizon p. 34 |
2024 | Phocidae Valenzuela-Toro et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Phocadae Gray 1821 [seal]
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Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: c = class, uc = unranked clade | |||||
References: Carreño and Cronin 1993, Gingerich 2003, Hendy et al. 2009 |
Age range: Holocene or 0.01170 to 0.00000 Ma
Collections (19 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
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Holocene | Canada (Newfoundland) | Phocadae indet. (228845) | |
Holocene | Greenland | Phocadae indet. (226353 227684 227686 227722 227816 227826 227829 227868) | |
Holocene | Canada (Nunavut) | Phocadae indet. (228756 228757 228765 228895 228897) Phocadae sp. (228899 228927) | |
Holocene | Canada (Yukon) | Phocadae indet. (228443) | |
Holocene | Canada (Quebec) | Phocadae indet. (228766 228861) |