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Rapaninae

Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Muricidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1853Rapaninae Gray
1960Rapaninae MacNeil p. 62
1964Rapaninae Sohl p. 173
1977Rapaninae Adegoke p. 212
1992Rapaninae Ward p. 120
2000Rapaninae DeVries p. 43
2004Rapaninae Vermeij and Herbert p. 157
2005Rapaninae Bouchet et al. p. 255

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classGastropoda
subclassCaenogastropoda(Cox 1959)
RankNameAuthor
—Sorbeoconcha(Ponder and Lindberg 1997)
—Hypsogastropoda(Ponder and Lindberg 1997)
superorderLatrogastropodaRiedel 2000
orderNeogastropodaThiele 1929
superfamilyMuricoideade Costa 1776
familyMuricidaeRafinesque 1815
subfamilyRapaninaeGray 1853
subfamilyRapaninaeGray 1853

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. Rapaninae Gray 1853
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G. †Califrapana Powell, II and Houart 2021
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Invalid names: Rapana imperialis Hertlein and Jordan 1927 [synonym], Rapana serrai Wiedey 1928 [synonym]
G. Concholepas Lamarck 1801
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†Concholepas camerata DeVries 2000
†Concholepas chirotensis DeVries 2000
Concholepas concholepas Bruguiére 1789
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Invalid names: Concholepas peruviana Lamarck 1801 [synonym]
†Concholepas drezi Vokes 1972
†Concholepas kieneri Hupé 1854
†Concholepas nodosa Möricke 1896
†Concholepas unguis DeVries 1995
G. †Ecphora Conrad 1843
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Subg. †Ecphora (Ecphora) Wilson 1987
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Subg. †Ecphora (Stenomphalus) Sandberger 1861
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Subg. †Ecphora (Trisecphora) Petuch 1988
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†Ecphora gardnerae Wilson 1987
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†Ecphora gardnerae germonae Ward and Gilinsky 1988
†Ecphora kochi Ward and Gilinsky 1988
†Ecphora meganae Ward and Gilinsky 1988
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†Ecphora meganae meganae Ward and Gilinsky 1988
†Ecphora meganae williamsi Ward and Gilinsky 1988
†Ecphora pamlico Wilson 1987
†Ecphora quadricostata Conrad 1830
†Ecphora tampaensis Dall 1890
†Ecphora tricostata Martin 1904
G. †Indothais Claremont et al. 2013
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Indothais lacera Born 1778
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Invalid names: Cuma disjuncta Annandale 1922 [synonym]
G. †Neorapana Cooke 1918
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†Neorapana imperialis Hertlein and Jorda 1927
†Neorapana vaquerosensis Arnold 1908
G. Rapana Schumacher 1817
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Subg. †Rapana (Nigerapana) Adegoke 1977
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Rapana bulbosa Solander 1817
†Rapana mekranica Cox 1936
†Rapana perrini Clark and Arnold 1923
†Rapana vaughani Mansfield 1937
G. †Sargana Stephenson 1923
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†Sargana stantoni Weller 1907
G. Stramonita Schumacher 1817
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Stramonita brasiliensis Claremont et al. 2011
Stramonita delessertiana d'Orbigny 1841
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Invalid names: Stramonita caracolensis DeVries 2007 [synonym]
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Invalid names: Cymia caloosana Tucker and Wilson 1933 [synonym]
Stramonita haemostoma Linnaeus 1767
†Stramonita penelaevis Vermeij and Herbert 2004
Stramonita rustica Lamarck 1822
†Stramonita semiplicata Vermeij 2001
†Stramonita zinsmeisteri DeVries 2007
†Thais (Stramonita) exilis Parsch in Hörnes 1856
G. Thaisella Clench 1947
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†Tritonopsis biconica Dall 1915
†Tritonopsis gilletti Richards 1943
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitec
Locomotion: actively mobilef
Life habit: epifaunalf
Diet: carnivoref
Vision: limitedc
Created: 2009-09-10 08:22:24
Modified: 2009-09-10 10:22:24
Source: f = family, c = class
References: Kiessling 2004, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Maastrichtian to the top of the Holocene or 72.10000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 70.6 Ma

Collections (383 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Delaware) Ecphora sp. (6135)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Mississippi) Ecphora proquadricostata, Sargana stantoni (32141) Sargana stantoni (6660 32139 32140 32142)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Texas) Sargana sp., Ecphora proquadricostata (7513)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Delaware) Sargana sp. (6171 6174)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Tennessee) Ecphora proquadricostata, Sargana stantoni (88357)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Texas) Sargana stantoni (7442 7481 7482)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.5 - 66.0USA (Tennessee) Ecphora proquadricostata, Sargana stantoni (7515)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (Tennessee) Ecphora proquadricostata, Sargana stantoni (205445)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (Mississippi) Ecphora proquadricostata, Sargana stantoni (7600) Sargana stantoni (7597 205536)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (Texas) Sargana sp. (205510 205529) Sargana stantoni (7483 205541)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (Alabama) Sargana stantoni (83239)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (New Jersey) Sargana sp. (4380)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Mississippi) Ecphora proquadricostata (7591 7592 7593) Ecphora proquadricostata, Sargana stantoni (7590 7609) Ecphora sp., Sargana sp. (4101) Sargana stantoni (4102 7473 7476 7586 7602)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Alabama) Sargana sp. (4254 4255 4264) Sargana sp., Sargana stantoni (4286) Sargana stantoni (4259 4283 4329)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Maryland) Sargana sp. (4368) Sargana stantoni (4372)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (South Carolina) Sargana sp. (4351) Sargana stantoni (4350)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Alabama) Ecphora sp., Sargana sp. (4230) Sargana sp. (4178 4180 4182 4183 4186 4197 4201 4202 4207 4228) Sargana stantoni (4237)
Selandian61.6 - 59.2Nigeria Rapana ewekoroensis (7791)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Peru Concholepas sp. (41616)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1USA (North Carolina) Ecphora wheeleri (4880)