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Taxonomy
Lunarca was named by Gray (1857) [Sepkoski's age data: T Eo-m-l R Sepkoski's reference number: 1112]. It is extant. Its type is Lunarca costata.
It was reranked as Anadara (Lunarca) by da Silva Forti (1969) and Tiwari (2001).
It was assigned to Anadarinae by Reinhart (1943), Vokes (1980) and Pacaud and Le Renard (1995); to Anadara by da Silva Forti (1969) and Tiwari (2001); to Arcoida by Sepkoski (2002); to Arcidae by Todd (2001) and Mikkelsen (2006); and to Lunarcidae by Bouchet et al. (2010).
It was reranked as Anadara (Lunarca) by da Silva Forti (1969) and Tiwari (2001).
It was assigned to Anadarinae by Reinhart (1943), Vokes (1980) and Pacaud and Le Renard (1995); to Anadara by da Silva Forti (1969) and Tiwari (2001); to Arcoida by Sepkoski (2002); to Arcidae by Todd (2001) and Mikkelsen (2006); and to Lunarcidae by Bouchet et al. (2010).
Subtaxa
Anadara (Lunarca) kachharai, Argina puntabravoensis, Argina raddii, Lunarca arthurpennelli, Lunarca billingsiana, Lunarca bolivarensis, Lunarca brevifrons, Lunarca brightonensis, Lunarca colombiana, Lunarca costata (type species), Lunarca melanoderma, Lunarca ovalis (syn. Arca pexata, Arca campechiensis), Lunarca pennelli, Lunarca proletaria, Lunarca vespertina, Scapharca (Argina) tolepia
Species lacking formal opinion data
Anadara burnesi, Anadara chavezi, Anadara chilensis, Anadara clathrata, Anadara dameyi, Anadara delandensis, Anadara guajirensis, Anadara hypomela, Anadara improcera, Anadara kogachiensis, Anadara larkini, Anadara microtera, Anadara natalensis, Anadara philippiana, Anadara rectangularis, Anadara setoensis, Anadara suzukii, Anadara tarponensis, Anadara tectumcolumbae, Anadara turoniensis, Anadara watanabei, Arca montensis
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1857 | Lunarca Gray |
| 1898 | Scapharca (Argina) Dall p. 649 |
| 1922 | Scapharca (Argina) Woods p. 62 |
| 1931 | Argina Olsson p. 38 |
| 1941 | Arca (Argina) Pilsbry and Olsson p. 9 |
| 1943 | Lunarca Reinhart p. 18 |
| 1969 | Anadara (Lunarca) da Silva Forti p. 66 |
| 1980 | Lunarca Vokes p. 14 |
| 1995 | Lunarca Pacaud and Le Renard p. 176 |
| 2001 | Anadara (Lunarca) Tiwari p. 157 |
| 2001 | Lunarca Todd |
| 2002 | Lunarca Sepkoski |
| 2006 | Lunarca Mikkelsen |
| 2010 | Lunarca Bouchet et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subg. Anadara (Lunarca) Gray 1857
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†Anadara (Lunarca) kachharai Tiwari 2001
†Lunarca arthurpennelli Maury 1917
†Lunarca billingsiana Maury 1912
†Lunarca bolivarensis Clark and Durham 1946
Lunarca brevifrons brevifrons Sowerby 1833
†Lunarca brightonensis Maury 1912
†Lunarca colombiana Clark and Durham 1946
Lunarca costata Gray 1857
Lunarca melanoderma Pilsbry and Lowe 1932
Lunarca ovalis Bruguiere 1789
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Invalid names: Arca campechiensis Gmelin 1791 [synonym], Arca pexata Say 1822 [synonym]
†Lunarca pennelli Gabb 1873
†Lunarca proletaria Pilsbry and Johnson 1917
Lunarca vespertina Mörch 1861
Invalid names: Argina Gray [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: g = genus, f = family | |||||
| References: Mikkelsen and Bieler 2008, Sanchez Roig 1926 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Eocene to the top of the Holocene or 37.20000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 33.9 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 33.9 Ma
Collections (122 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Late/Upper Eocene | Colombia (Sucre) | Lunarca bolivarensis (42825) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Trinidad and Tobago | Arca billingsiana, Arca brightonensis (80168) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | India | Anadara kachharai (72181 72212 78641) Anadara sp. (72084) | |
| Langhian | Colombia (La Guajira) | Lunarca ovalis (158041) | |
| Middle Miocene | Dominican Republic | Arca sp. (124722) | |
| Tortonian | Dominican Republic | Scapharca arthurpennelli (58816 58817) | |
| Tortonian | Panama (Darien) | Lunarca sp. (136007 136104) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Dominican Republic | Lunarca sp. (74915 74957) Scapharca arthurpennelli (58875) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Ecuador (Esmeraldas) | Lunarca cueva (60640 60662) | |
| Messinian | Dominican Republic | Lunarca sp. (75042) | |
| Messinian | Panama (Colon) | Lunarca sp. (79855) | |
| Messinian - Zanclean | Dominican Republic | Lunarca sp. (75038) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Dominican Republic | Scapharca tolepia (58873) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Venezuela (Sucre) | Anadara caboblanquensis (41550 41552) Anadara caboblanquensis, Anadara ovalis (41554) Anadara mareana (41544) Anadara mareana, Anadara ovalis (41545) Anadara ovalis (41541 41543) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Trinidad and Tobago | Lunarca billingsiana (60409 60410 60412 60414 60415 60416 60417 60646 60647 60649 60650 60654 60655 60659) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Colombia | Arca arthupennelli (133227) | |
| Zanclean | Dominican Republic | Lunarca sp. (74968) | |
| Pliocene | USA (North Carolina) | Lunarca sp. (79249) | |
| Pliocene | Costa Rica | Arca brevifrons (66792 66795) | |
| Pliocene | Ecuador (Manabi) | Arca brevifrons (51886) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | USA (North Carolina) | Lunarca ovalis (68979 79341 79342 79343) Lunarca sp. (69018) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Venezuela | Lunarca ovalis (131210) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Panama | Arca campechiensis (80304) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (North Carolina) | Lunarca ovalis (69043 79340) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Ecuador (Manabi) | Lunarca brevifrons (48664 48665) | |
| Pleistocene | Egypt | Argina raddii (101634) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (Delaware) | Anadara ovalis (66701 66703) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (New York) | Anadara ovalis (66377) | |
| Pleistocene | Venezuela | Lunarca ovalis (131268) | |
| Pleistocene | Cuba | Arca campechiensis (66772) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | Lunarca ovalis (80053 80083) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (New Jersey) | Anadara ovalis (66603 66614 66615 66616 66617 66618 66620 66621 66622) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Lunarca ovalis (80046) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) | Lunarca ovalis (175628) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Lunarca ovalis (80027) Scapharca campechiensis (34269) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Virginia) | Anadara ovalis (57703 57704) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | Anadara ovalis (60927 66755 66756 66757 66758 66760) Arca pexata (92406) Lunarca ovalis (79705 79706 79707 79956 79957) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Uruguay | Lunarca ovalis (195917 195933) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (North Carolina) | Anadara ovalis (66742 66746 66748 66749 66750 66751 66754) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Maryland) | Anadara ovalis (66706) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (New York) | Anadara ovalis (61270) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Georgia) | Anadara ovalis (20604 20606) | |
| Holocene | Brazil | Anadara ovalis (72116 72117 72118 72122) | |
| Holocene | USA (Louisiana) | Anadara ovaliis (41934) Anadara ovalis (41935 41936 41940 41942 92772 92773 92774 92775 92776) | |
| Holocene | USA (Mississippi) | Anadara ovalis (92522) |