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Heterostraci

Pteraspidomorpha

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1868Heterostraci Lankester
1898Heterostraci Gadow p. 4
1902Heterostraci Hay p. 339
1911Heterostraci Jaekel p. 32
1932Heterostraci Bryant p. 231
1963Heterostraci Jordan p. 584
1976Heterostraci Loeffler and Dineley p. 758
1977Heterostraci Ritchie and Gilbert-Tomlinson p. 367
1989Heterostraci Elliot and Loeffler p. 884
1996Heterostraci Elliott and Ilyes p. 153
1999Heterostraci Dineley and Metcalf p. 11
2002Heterostraci Blieck et al. p. 811
2010Heterostraci Elliott and Swift p. 1874
2011Heterostraci Long p. 241
2016Heterostraci Elliott p. 1213
2016Heterostraci Nelson et al. p. 28
2019Heterostraci Van Der Laan p. 16

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
RankNameAuthor
subphylumCraniata
superclassPteraspidomorphi(Goodrich 1909)
classPteraspidomorpha
subclassHeterostraciLankester 1868
subclassHeterostraciLankester 1868

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subcl. †Heterostraci Lankester 1868
show all | hide all
Or. †Amphiaspidiformes Novitskaya 2008
+
G. †Putoranaspis Obruchev 1964
G. †Aporemaspis Elliot and Loeffler 1989
+
†Aporemaspis pholidata Elliot and Loeffler 1989
Fm. †Ariaspididae Elliott and Swift 2010
+
G. †Ariaspis Denison 1963
+
†Ariaspis arctata Elliott and Swift 2010
†Ariaspis ornata Denison 1963
Fm. †Cardipeltidae Bryant 1933
+
G. †Cardipeltis Branson and Mehl 1931
+
†Cardipeltis bryanti Denison 1966
†Cardipeltis richardsoni Denison 1966
†Cardipeltis wallacii Branson and Mehl 1931
+
Invalid names: Cardipeltis oblongus Bryant 1933 [synonym], Cardipeltis sinclairi Bryant 1933 [synonym]
+
Fm. †Corvaspididae Dineley 1953
+
G. †Corvaspis Woodward 1934
+
†Corvaspis arctica Loeffler and Dineley 1976
Subor. †Cyathaspida Kiaer 1932
+
Unr. †Cyathaspidei Kiaer 1932
+
Fm. †Diplaspidae Kiaer 1932
+
G. †Diplaspis Matthew 1887
+
†Diplaspis acadica Matthew 1888
Fm. †Tolypaspidae Kiaer 1932
+
G. †Tolypaspis Schmidt 1893
+
†Tolypaspis undulata Pander 1856
Fm. †Traquairaspidae Kiaer 1932
+
G. †Phialaspis Wills 1935
+
Invalid names: Traquairaspis Kiaer 1932 [replaced]
G. †Homalaspidella Strand 1934
+
†Homalaspidella borealis Denison 1963
G. †Irregulareaspis Zych 1931
Unr. †Poraspidei Kiaer 1932
+
Fm. †Anglaspidae Kiaer 1932
+
G. †Anglaspis
+
†Anglaspis elongata Kiaer 1932
†Anglaspis heintzi Kiaer 1932
†Anglaspis insignis Kiaer 1932
†Anglaspis macculloughi Woodward 1891
†Anglaspis platostriata Kiaer 1932
Fm. †Ctenaspidae Kiaer 1930
+
G. †Ctenaspis
+
†Ctenaspis conselatus Kiaer 1930
†Ctenaspis dentatus Kiaer 1930
†Ctenaspis kiaeri Zych 1931
Fm. †Dinaspidae Kiaer 1932
+
G. †Dinaspis Kiaer 1932
+
†Dinaspis parvula Kiaer 1932
†Dinaspis robusta Kiaer 1932
Fm. †Palaeaspidae Kiaer 1932
+
G. †Americaspis White and Moy-Thomas 1941
+
†Americaspis americana Claypole 1884
Invalid names: Palaeaspis Claypole 1884 [replaced]
Fm. †Cyathaspididae Kiaer 1932
+
G. †Archegonaspis Jaekel 1927
+
†Archegonaspis integer Kunth 1872
†Archegonaspis ludensis Salter 1859
Subfm. †Boothiaspidinae Elliott 2016
+
G. †Boothiaspis Broad 1973
G. †Phyllonaspis Elliott 2016
+
†Phyllonaspis laevis Elliott 2016
†Phyllonaspis serratus Elliott 2016
†Phyllonaspis taphensis Elliott 2016
+
†Cyathaspis acadica Matthew 1886
†Cyathaspis banksi Huxley and Salter 1856
G. †Dikenaspis Denison 1963
+
†Dikenaspis yukonensis Denison 1963
G. †Eoarchegonaspis Kiaer 1932
+
†Eoarchegonaspis wardelli Ruedemann 1916
+
Invalid names: Cyathaspis vaningeni Bryant 1926 [synonym]
Subfm. †Poraspidinae Kiaer 1932
+
G. †Homalaspis Kiaer 1932
G. †Lechriaspis Elliott and Petriello 2011
+
†Lechriaspis patula Elliott and Petriello 2011
G. †Poraspis Kiaer 1932
+
†Poraspis barroisi Leriche 1906
†Poraspis brevis Kiaer 1932
†Poraspis cylindrica Kiaer 1932
†Poraspis elongata Kiaer 1932
†Poraspis intermedia Kiaer 1932
†Poraspis magna Kiaer 1932
†Poraspis polaris Kiaer 1932
†Poraspis rostrata Kiaer 1932
†Poraspis sericea Lankester 1873
†Poraspis sturi von Alth 1874
†Poraspis subtilis Kiaer 1932
†Poraspis thomasi Elliott and Petriello 2011
G. †Ptomaspis Denison 1963
+
†Ptomaspis canadensis Denison 1963
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†Vernonaspis bamberi Denison 1963
†Vernonaspis major Denison 1963
Or. †Cyathaspidiformes Kaier 1930
+
Subor. †Cyathaspidoidei
+
Fm. †Dictyaspidellidae Fowler 1947
+
G. †Dictyaspidella Strand 1934
Fm. †Dictyonaspidae Berg 1940
+
G. †Dictyaspis Kiaer 1932
Fm. †Dinaspidellidae Strand 1934
+
Fm. †Torpedaspididae Halstead 1993
+
G. †Torpedaspis Broad and Dineley 1973
Invalid names: Americaspidae Fowler 1947 [empty], Irregularaspidae Kiaer and Heinz 1935 [empty]
+
Fm. †Eglonaspididae Tarlo 1962
+
Fm. †Hibernaspididae Obruchev 1939
+
G. †Hibernaspis Obruchev 1939
Invalid names: Aphataspididae Novitskaya 1971 [empty]
+
Fm. †Siberiaspididae Novitskaya 1968
+
Fm. †Tuxeraspididae Novitskaya 1968
+
G. †Tuxeraspis Novitskaya 1971
Or. †Lepidaspidiformes Halstead 1993
+
Fm. †Lepidaspididae Halstead 1993
+
G. †Lepidaspis Dineley and Loeffler 1976
Fm. †Protaspidae Bryant 1933
+
G. †Eucyrtaspis White and Moy-Thomas 1940
+
Invalid names: Cyrtaspis Bryant 1932 [replaced]
G. †Psammolepis Agassiz 1843
Or. †Psammosteiformes Berg 1937
+
Fm. †Pycnosteidae Tarlo 1962
+
G. †Tartuosteus Obruchev 1961
+
†Tartuosteus zheleznogorskensis Moloshnikov 2007
Invalid names: Rohonosteus Tarlo 1962 [synonym]
Or. †Pteraspidiformes Berg 1940
+
Fm. †Anchipteraspididae Elliott 1984
+
G. †Anchipteraspis Elliott 1984
G. †Rachiaspis Elliott 1984
Fm. †Protopteraspididae Novitskaya 1983
+
G. †Canadapteraspis Dineley and Loeffler 1976
G. †Escharaspis Elliott 1983
G. †Gigantaspis Heintz 1962
G. †Loricopteraspis Halstead Tarlo 1961
G. †Miltaspis Blieck 1981
G. †Protopteraspis Leriche 1924
+
Invalid names: Simopteraspis Denison 1970 [synonym]
G. †Stegobranchiaspis Elliott 1983
G. †Zascinaspis Stensiu 1958
Fm. †Pteraspididae Claypole 1885
+
G. †Archaeoteuthis Roemer 1855
G. †Chiastolepis Eichwald 1844
G. †Glossoidaspis Branson and Mehl 1931
+
†Glossoidaspis giganteus Branson and Mehl 1931
G. †Holaspis Lankester 1873
G. †Mylopteraspis Stensiu 1958
G. †Palaeoteuthis Roemer 1855
+
†Palaeoteuthis marginalis Eichwald 1871
G. †Scaphaspis Lankester 1865
G. †Sphagodus Agassiz 1839
Invalid names: Doryaspidinae Heintz 1967 [empty], Pteraspidinae Claypole 1885 [empty]
Subor. †Pteraspidoidei Janvier 1996
+
G. †Alaeckaspis Voichyshyn 1999
G. †Blieckaspis Elliott and Ilyes 1996
+
†Blieckaspis priscillae Elliott and Ilyes 1996
G. †Djurinaspis Novitskaya 1983
Fm. †Doryaspidae Randle and Sansom 2017
+
G. †Doryaspis White 1935
+
†Doryaspis nathorstii Lankester 1884
G. †Woodfjordaspis Pernègre 2006
G. †Xylaspis Pernègre 2003
G. †Eucyclaspis Denison 1970
+
G. †Europrotaspis White 1961
+
G. †Lamiaspis Ilyes and Elliott 1994
G. †Larnovaspis Blieck 1984
G. †Mylopteraspidella Blieck 1984
G. †Oreaspis Denison 1970
+
†Oreaspis ampla Bryant 1933
+
Invalid names: Protaspis nanus Bryant 1933 [synonym], Protaspis perlatus Bryant 1933 [synonym], Protaspis perryi Bryant 1933 [synonym]
†Oreaspis dunklei Denison 1970
†Oreaspis williamsi Denison 1970
G. †Panamintaspis Elliott and Ilyes 1996
+
†Panamintaspis snowi Elliott and Ilyes 1996
G. †Parapteraspis Stensiu 1958
G. †Pirumaspis Ilyes and Elliott 1994
G. †Podolaspis Zych 1931
+
Subg. †Podolaspis (Althaspis) Zych 1931
†Podolaspis lerichei Zych 1927
+
G. †Cosmaspis Denison 1970
+
†Cosmaspis transversa Denison 1970
G. †Helaspis
G. †Lampraspis Denison 1970
+
†Lampraspis carmani Denison 1960
†Lampraspis tuberculata Denison 1970
+
†Psephaspis idahoensis Denison 1968
†Psephaspis williamsi Ørvig 1961
G. †Tuberculaspis Ilyes and Elliott 1994
G. †Protaspis Bryant 1933
+
Subg. †Protaspis (Europrotaspis) White 1961
†Protaspis brevirostris Bryant 1933
†Protaspis cingulus Bryant 1933
†Protaspis constrictus Bryant 1933
Fm. †Psammosteidae Traquair 1896
+
G. †Acanthaspis Newberry 1875
+
†Acanthaspis arctica Heintz 1929
G. †Dyptychosteus Preobrazhenskii 1910
G. †Oredezhosteus Moloshnikov 2009
+
†Oredezhosteus kuleshovi Moloshnikov 2009
†Oredezhosteus livonicus Obruchev and Mark-Kurik 1965
G. †Placosteus Agassiz 1843
G. †Psammosteus Agassiz 1844
+
†Psammosteus arenatus Agassiz 1845
†Psammosteus granulatus M'Coy 1848
†Psammosteus maeandrinus Agassiz 1845
†Psammosteus paradoxus Agassiz 1845
†Psammosteus praecursor Obruchev 1947
G. †Pycnosteus Preobrajenski 1911
G. †Pteraspis Kner 1847
+
†Pteraspis crouchi Lankester 1865
†Pteraspis dunensis Roemer 1854
†Pteraspis rostrata Agassiz 1835
Invalid names: Plesiopteraspis Stensio 1958 [synonym]
Fm. †Rhinopteraspididae Novitskaya 2004
+
G. †Althaspis Zych 1931
+
†Althaspis leachi White 1938
Invalid names: Brotzenaspis Stensio 1958 [synonym], Cymripteraspis White 1960 [synonym], Pseudopteraspis Stensio 1958 [synonym]
G. †Brachipteraspis Brotzen 1936
+
†Brachipteraspis latissima Zych in Pauca 1938
G. †Errivaspis Blieck 1984
+
†Errivaspis waynensis Blieck 1984
G. †Pavloaspis Voichyshyn 1999
G. †Rhinopteraspis Jaekel 1919
G. †Semipodolaspis Voichyshyn 2011
G. †Unarkaspis Elliott 1983
G. †Strosipherus Pander 1856
+
Fm. †Natlaspididae Halstead 1993
+
G. †Natlaspis Dineley and Loeffler 1976
Fm. †Tesseraspididae Berg 1955
+
G. †Tesseraspis Wills 1936
+
†Tesseraspis mosaica Karatajuta-Talimaa 1983
+
G. †Dasylepis Pander 1856
G. †Dictyolepis Pander 1856
G. †Gomphodus Pander 1856
G. †Lanarkia
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†Lanarkia horrida Traquair 1898
†Lanarkia lanceolata Marss and Ritchie 1998
G. †Melittomalepis Pander 1856
G. †Pachylepis Pander 1856
G. †Prionacanthus Pander 1856
G. †Schediosteus Pander 1856
G. †Spirodus Kade 1858
G. †Thelolepis Pander 1856
+
Fm. †Tolypelepididae Strand 1934
+
Or. †Traquairaspidiformes Stensio 1958
+
Fm. †Weigeltaspidae Berg 1940
+
G. †Weigeltaspis Brotzen 1933
Invalid names: Phialaspididae White 1946 [empty]
Invalid names: Cardipeltida [empty], Cardipeltiformes Bryant 1933 [empty], Ceraspidae [empty], Corvaspidida [empty], Drepanaspidae [empty], Lepidaspidida [empty], Olbiaspidida Obruchev 1964 [empty], Palaeaspidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Pteraspidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Tesseraspidida [empty], Tolypelepidida [empty], Traquairaspidida Stensio 1958 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatitesubp
Locomotion: actively mobilep
Created: 2007-09-27 04:49:26
Modified: 2017-03-09 14:07:44
Source: subp = subphylum, p = phylum
Reference: Kiessling 2004

Age range: base of the Sarka to the top of the Early/Lower Turonian or 466.00000 to 89.30000 Ma

Collections (100 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Sarka466.0 - 466.0Czech Republic Pteraspis sp. (3857)
Dobrotivian459.0 - 457.9Czech Republic Pteraspis sp. (3859)
Silurian443.8 - 419.2USA (Pennsylvania) Vernonaspis sp. (12763)
Silurian443.8 - 419.2Canada (Yukon) Ariaspis ornata, Vernonaspis major, Ptomaspis canadensis, Dikenaspis yukonensis, Homalaspidella borealis, Traquairaspis angusta (185831)
Llandovery443.4 - 433.4Canada (Northwest Territories) Heterostraci indet. 2 (90320) Lanarkia horrida (90314)
Llandovery - Ludlow443.4 - 423.0USA (New York) Vernonaspis sp. (12764)
Wenlock433.4 - 427.4Canada (Northwest Territories) Tolypelepis sp. A (188784)
Wenlock433.4 - 427.4United Kingdom (Scotland) Traquairaspis campbelli (26907)
Wenlock - Ludlow433.4 - 423.0Canada (Nunavut) Cyathaspis sp. (26882)
Wenlock - Ludlow433.4 - 423.0Canada (Northwest Territories) Cyathaspididae indet. (188832 188834)
Wenlock - Ludlow433.4 - 423.0United Kingdom (Scotland) Lanarkia sp. (26906)
Homerian430.5 - 427.4Canada (Northwest Territories) Ariaspis n. sp., Vernonaspis sp., Traquairaspis lemniscata, Ariaspis ornata (497)
Ludlow427.4 - 423.0Russian Federation Archegonaspis sp., Cyathaspididae indet. (90326)
Ludlow427.4 - 423.0United Kingdom (Scotland) Lanarkia sp. (26896)
Ludlow427.4 - 423.0USA (Pennsylvania) Americaspis sp., Vernonaspis sp. (14206)
Ludfordian425.6 - 423.0Sweden (Gotland) Cyathaspida indet., Gomphodus sandelensis, Gomphodus hoppei (13820)
Ludfordian425.6 - 423.0USA (New York) Vernonaspis sp. (26085)
Pridoli423.0 - 419.2USA (New York) Archegonaspis sp., Vernonaspis sp. (493)
Pridoli423.0 - 419.2United Kingdom (England) Cyathaspis sp. (26914)
Pridoli423.0 - 419.2Estonia Gomphodus sandelensis (13829) Tolypelepis undulata, Strosipherus indentatus, Gomphodus sandelensis (13830)
Pridoli423.0 - 419.2Canada (New Brunswick) Cyathaspis acadica (161318)
Pridoli423.0 - 419.2Canada (Nunavut) Ariaspis arctata (185830) Corvaspis arctica, Traquairaspidida indet., Cyathaspidida indet. (90324) Cyathaspididae indet. (14024)
Pridoli423.0 - 419.2Lithuania Gomphodus sandelensis (207344)
Pridoli423.0 - 419.2Russian Federation Tolypelepis undulata, Strosipherus sp., Cyathaspididae indet. (90328)
Paadla422.9 - 419.2Estonia Gomphodus sandelensis (13826 13827)
Ohesaare421.5 - 419.2Estonia Tolypelepis undulata, Strosipherus indentatus, Gomphodus sandelensis (13831)
Ohesaare421.5 - 419.2Estonia (Saare) Tolypelepis undulata, Strosipherus indentatus (193837)
Kuressaare421.3 - 419.2Estonia Gomphodus sandelensis (13828)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8France Anglaspis sp., Poraspis sp., Protopteraspis sp. (26983)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8Russian Federation Anglaspis sp., Anglaspis sp. 1, Ctenaspis sp., Ctenaspis sp. 1, Poraspis sp., Lepidaspis sp., Poraspis polaris, Heterostraci indet., Corvaspididae indet., Traquairaspidiformes indet., Phialaspis sp., Pteraspidiformes indet., Irregulareaspis sp., Homalaspidella sp., Protopteraspis sp., Unarkaspis sp., Pteraspididae indet., Putoranaspis sp., Poraspididae indet., Amphiaspidiformes indet. (90330) Corvaspididae indet., Tesseraspis sp., Tesseraspis mosaica (90329)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8Norway Anglaspis sp., Corvaspis sp., Ctenaspis sp., Dinaspidella sp., Poraspis sp., Traquairaspis sp., Protopteraspis sp. (26929)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8Canada (Nunavut) Anglaspis sp., Ctenaspis russelli, Aporemaspis pholidata (90322) Cyathaspididae indet. (14027) Pteraspididae indet., Cyathaspididae indet. (14026)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8USA (Wyoming) Cardipeltis richardoni, Cardipeltis bryanti, Protaspis transversa, Lampraspis tuberculata, Protaspis mcgrewi, Protaspis brevispina (153534)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8Canada (Nova Scotia) Traquairaspis sp., Protopteraspis sp. (14201)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8United Kingdom (England) Althaspis sp. (90351) Europrotapsis crenulata, Althaspis leachi (90352) Pteraspis rostrata (10679) Pteraspis sp., Weigeltaspis sp. (26918)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8Ukraine Corvaspis sp., Traquairaspis sp., Podolaspis sp., Larnovaspis sp. (26978) Pteraspis major, Larnovaspis major, Larnovaspis kneri, Pteraspis rostrata (90349) Pteraspis podolicus, Pteraspis kneri, Pteraspididae indet. A, Pteraspididae indet. B, Pteraspididae indet. E, Palaeaspis simionescui, Pteraspis rostrata, Cyathaspis sturi (90350)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8United Kingdom (Herefordshire) Pteraspis jackana, Weigeltaspis sp., Pteraspis crouchi, Pteraspis rostrata, Pteraspis waynensis (201736)
Lochkovian - Pragian419.2 - 407.6USA (Ohio) Zascinaspis sp. (26874)
Lochkovian - Pragian419.2 - 407.6Ukraine Pteraspis sp., Brotzenaspis kiaeri (23447)
Early/Lower Devonian419.2 - 393.3USA (Wyoming) Cardipeltis richardsoni, Cardipeltis bryanti, Protaspis transversa, Lampraspis tuberculata, Protaspis mcgrewi, Protaspis brevispina (26179)
Pragian410.8 - 407.6Russian Federation Poraspis sp., Traquairaspidiformes indet., Protopteraspididae indet., Protopteraspididae indet. 1, Pteraspidiformes indet., Pteraspididae indet., Miltaspis sp., Gigantaspis sp., Poraspididae indet. (90331)
Pragian410.8 - 407.6Ukraine Pteraspis major, Pteraspididae indet. D, Pteraspididae indet. F, Pteraspididae indet. G, Podolaspis lerichei, Brachipteraspis latissima (90348)
Early/Lower Emsian409.1 - 402.5Germany (Gemuenden) Drepanaspis gemuendensis, Pteraspis dunensis (26903)
Early/Lower Emsian409.1 - 402.5Germany (Alken) Drepanaspis sp., Rhinopteraspis dunensis (27049)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3Belarus (Gormel) Psammolepis toriensis (232956) Psammosteus toriensis (232955)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3USA (Wyoming) Cardipeltis wallacii, Protaspis ovata, Protaspis sculpta, Oreaspis dunklei, Oreaspis williamsi, Oreaspis ampla (26176)
Late/Upper Emsian402.5 - 391.9USA (California) Pteraspididae indet., Blieckaspis priscillae (206448) Pteraspididae indet., Panamintaspis snowi, Phyllonaspis taphensis, Cyathaspididae indet. (206449)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7USA (Michigan) Helaspis sp. (206788)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7Belarus Pycnosteus sp. (225881 225882) Tartuosteus sp. (225853)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7Belarus (Vitebsk) Pteraspidiformes indet. (232958)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7Brazil (Para) Pteraspis sp. (37137)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7Germany Helaspis dissimilis (60134) Helaspis plexa ssp. S (60140 60467) Helaspis sp. (25368 60446 60466)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7Russian Federation Pycnosteus sp., Tartuosteus sp., Heterostraci indet., Protopteraspididae indet 2, Psammosteus sp., Psammosteidae indet., Psammolepis sp. (90332)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7Estonia Pycnosteus sp., Tartuosteus sp. (225793) Tartuosteus sp., Psammolepis toriensis (225791)
Middle Devonian393.3 - 382.7USA (Michigan) Helaspis luma (219866)
Early/Lower Givetian388.1 - 383.7Estonia Pycnosteus palaeformis, Tartuosteus giganteus, Psammolepis proia (225804) Pycnosteus pauli, Tartuosteus giganteus, Tartuosteus luhai, Psammolepis proia (225803)
Early/Lower Givetian388.1 - 383.7Latvia Pycnosteus palaeformis, Pycnosteus pauli, Tartuosteus giganteus, Tartuosteus luhai, Psammolepis proia (225802) Pycnosteus palaeformis, Tartuosteus giganteus, Tartuosteus luhai, Psammolepis proia (225850)
Early/Lower Givetian388.1 - 383.7Belarus Pycnosteus sp. (225886)
Early/Lower Givetian388.1 - 383.7Russian Federation Tartuosteus sp., Heterostraci indet., Psammosteus sp., Psammosteidae indet., Psammolepis sp. (90333)
Givetian387.7 - 382.7USA (Michigan) Helaspis luma (207859)
Givetian387.7 - 382.7Svalbard and Jan Mayen (Spitsbergen) Psammosteidae indet. (225592)
Early/Lower Frasnian383.7 - 382.4Latvia Oredezhosteus livonicus (90347)
Early/Lower Frasnian383.7 - 382.4Russian Federation Oredezhosteus kuleshovi (90346) Psammosteus sp. (90335) Tartuosteus zheleznogorskensis, Psammosteus praecursor (90343)
Late/Upper Givetian380.2 - 382.7Belarus Psammosteus praecursor (225888)
Late/Upper Givetian380.2 - 382.7Estonia Psammosteus spp., Psammolepis spp., Psammolepis abavica (225778)
Late/Upper Givetian380.2 - 382.7Latvia Psammolepis paradoxa, Psammolepis alata (225777)
Late/Upper Givetian380.2 - 382.7Russian Federation Heterostraci indet., Psammosteus sp., Psammolepis sp. (90334)
Late/Upper Frasnian379.5 - 376.1Russian Federation Psammosteus sp. (90336)
Pennsylvanian323.2 - 298.9United Kingdom Psammosteus vermicularis (132819)
Pennsylvanian323.2 - 298.9Ireland Psammosteus granulatus (132818)
Early/Lower Turonian93.5 - 89.3Czech Republic Gomphodus scrobiculatus (90516 90518)