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Pustulariinae

Gastropoda - Cypraeidae

Taxonomy
Pustulariinae was named by Gill (1871). It is extant.

It was assigned to Cypraeidae by Bouchet et al. (2005) and Bouchet et al. (2017).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1871Pustulariinae Gill
2005Pustulariinae Bouchet et al. p. 250
2017Pustulariinae Bouchet et al. p. 347

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classGastropoda
RankNameAuthor
subclassCaenogastropoda(Cox 1959)
—Sorbeoconcha(Ponder and Lindberg 1997)
—Hypsogastropoda(Ponder and Lindberg 1997)
superorderLatrogastropodaRiedel 2000
superfamilyCypraeoidea(Rafinesque 1815)
familyCypraeidaeRafinesque 1815
subfamilyPustulariinaeGill 1871
subfamilyPustulariinaeGill 1871

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. Pustulariinae Gill 1871
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G. †Eopustularia Fehse 2010
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†Eopustularia acyensis Raincourt 1876
†Eopustularia balinka Fehse 2010
†Eopustularia bartonensis Edwards 1854
†Eopustularia chevallieri Cossman 1896
†Eopustularia compacta Schilder 1925
†Eopustularia gregorioi Schilder 1929
†Eopustularia mejasensis Schilder 1939
†Eopustularia moloni Bayan 1870
G. Neobernaya Schilder 1927
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†Neobernaya porcellus Brocchi 1814
†Neobernaya spadicea Swainson 1823
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Invalid names: Cypraea fernandoensis Arnold 1907 [synonym]
G. Pustularia Swainson 1840
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Subg. Pustularia (Ipsa) Jousseaume 1884
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Ipsa childreni Gray 1825
Subg. Pustularia (Pustularia) Swainson 1840
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Pustularia cicercula Linnaeus 1758
Pustularia globulus Linnaeus 1758
†Pustularia kamai Beets 1941
†Pustularia lodanensis Schilder 1937
Pustularia margarita Dillwyn 1817
Invalid names: Epona Adams and Adams 1854 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitec
Locomotion: actively mobilef
Life habit: epifaunalf
Diet: omnivoref
Diet 2: grazerf
Vision: limitedc
Created: 2009-09-10 07:50:11
Modified: 2009-09-10 09:50:11
Source: f = family, c = class
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Ypresian to the top of the Holocene or 56.00000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 47.8 Ma

Collections (62 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8France Proadusta moloni (183750)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3United Kingdom (England) Proadusta brackleshamensis (8124)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Italy (Veneto) Cypraea moloni (177670)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Mexico (Chiapas) Proadusta subrostrata, Proadusta acyensis (79943)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Hungary Eopustularia balinka (176770 191166)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Italy (Vicenza) Subepona moloni (177665)
Lutetian - Bartonian47.8 - 38.0Hungary Eopustularia balinka (172909)
Lutetian - Bartonian47.8 - 38.0France (Loire-Atlantique) Cypraea bartonensis (122893)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Italy (Veneto) Conocypraea gregorioi, Eopustularia balinka (176769)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Switzerland (Bern) Cypraeacites brackleshamensis, Cypraeacites gregorioi (179132)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Cuba Pustularia americana (179628)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Indonesia (Java) Paulonaria lodanensis (179713)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Indonesia Erronea kamai (70081 70107) Paulonaria lodanensis (70085)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Guam Cypraea childreni (77939)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Fiji Cypraea childreni (78060)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6USA (California) Cypraea fernandoensis (97233)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Fiji Cypraea margarita (68181)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Guam Cypraea childreni (77937)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588USA (California) Cypraea spadicea (200398)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Italy (Siena) Neobernaya porcellus (179129)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781USA (California) Cypraea spadicea (202495)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Japan (Okinawa) Pustularia circercula (42362)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Guam Cypraea globulus (77936)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Vanuatu Cypraea cicercula (78042)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Mexico (Baja California) Zonaria spadicea (96593)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.588 - 0.0Yemen Pustularia cicercula (55374)
Quaternary2.58 - 0.0USA (California) Zonaria spadicea (37937 37938)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129USA (California) Cypraea fernandoensis (203113) Cypraea spadicea (202492) Zonaria fernandoensis (203114)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117USA (Hawaii) Cypraea cicercula (89294 89300 89302 89307 89308)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Seychelles Cypraea cicercula (80966 81007)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Northern Mariana Islands Cypraea childreni (77941)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Mexico Zonaria spadicea (52347)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (California) Cypraea spadicea (59063 222659 222660) Zonaria spadicea (96936 160361 219029 223041)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Mexico (Baja California) Zonaria spadicea (96591)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117Kenya Cypraea globulus (81036 81077 81089)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Hawaii) Cypraea cicercula (89289 89290 89400)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Djibouti Cypraea cicercula (96787)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Australia (Western Australia) Cypraea cicercula (63356)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Marshall Islands Cypraea childreni (43306)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Papua New Guinea (Morobe) Cypraea childreni (97437 97438)