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Spiroplectamminidae

Spiroplectamminidae

Taxonomy
Spiroplectamminidae was named by Cushman (1927). It was considered monophyletic by Loeblich and Tappan (1982).

It was assigned to Spiroplectamminoidea by Loeblich and Tappan (1982); and to Foraminiferida by Neagu and Cirnaru (2004).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1927Spiroplectamminidae Cushman
1982Spiroplectamminidae Loeblich and Tappan
2004Spiroplectamminidae Neagu and Cirnaru p. 281

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomChromistaCavalier-Smith 1981
subkingdomRhizaria()
phylumForaminifera(Eichwald 1830)
RankNameAuthor
familySpiroplectamminidaeCushman 1927
familySpiroplectamminidaeCushman 1927

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Spiroplectamminidae Cushman 1927
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G. Spiroplectammina Cushman 1927
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Spiroplectammina biformis Parker and Jones 1876
Spiroplectammina carinata d'Orbigny 1846
Spiroplectammina eocenica Cushman and Barksdle 1930
Spiroplectammina laevis Roemer 1841
G. Spiroplectella Earland 1934
G. Spiroplectinella Kisel'man 1972
G. Spirotextularia Cushman 1927
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
A. R. Loeblich and H. Tappan 1982The subfamily was elevated to family status by Saidova (1981) who also recognised the superfamily Spiroplectamminidea for taxa with simple walls (in contrast to the Tawitawiidea, with internal pillars), but included within it the families Spiroplectamminidae, Textulariidae, Plectorecurvoididae, Morulaeplectidae and Nouriidae. As all family group taxa are of equivalent status for purposes of priority, the family group name Textulariidae Ehrenberg, 1838 has priority for superfamily status. The family Spiroplectamminidae was stated (Saidova, 1981) to have a planispiral early stage followed by a biserial or straight uniserial stage. Banner and Pereira (1981) also defined the family as having an initial planispire and later biserial stage, but lacking a terminal uniserial stage. IT is also characterised by a solid wall without canaliculi or pseudopores. Although Semivulvulina, which possesses these structures was thought to have evolved from Spirorutilis in the Eocene, and was included by Banner and Pereira in the Spiroplectamminidae pending further study, we would restrict the family to include only those taxa with solid walls.