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Nucula

Bivalvia - Nuculida - Nuculidae

Taxonomy
Nucula was named by Lamarck (1799) [Sepkoski's age data: K Berr-l R Sepkoski's reference number: 663]. It is extant.

It was reranked as Leda (Nucula) by Meek and Hayden (1858).

It was assigned to Leda by Meek and Hayden (1858); to Nuculacea by Islamoglu and Taner (1995); to Nuculoida by Sepkoski (2002); to Nuculinae by Stilwell et al. (2004); and to Nuculidae by Stanton (1895), Glenn (1904), Nagao (1928), Nagao (1928), Grant, IV and Gale (1931), Olsson (1931), Oostingh (1935), Russell and Landes (1937), Mukerjee (1939), Gardner (1945), Eames (1951), Hassan (1953), Skwarko (1967), da Silva Forti (1969), Hertlein and Grant (1972), Woodring (1973), Marasti (1973), Moore (1976), Malumian et al. (1978), Vokes (1980), Dockery (1982), Moore (1983), Zinsmeister (1983), Gliozzi and Malatesta (1983), Ward and Blackwelder (1987), del Rio (1992), Stilwell and Zinsmeister (1992), Lamprell and Healy (1998), Wienrich (1999), Coan et al. (2000), Spencer et al. (2004), El Qot (2006), Bouchet et al. (2010), Huber (2010) and Coan and Valentich-Scott (2012).

Species
N. (Deminucula), N. (Gibbonucula), N. (Lamellinucula), N. (Linucula), N. (Nucula), N. (Pronucula), N. (Rumptunucula), N. (Varinucula), N. acutula, N. alcocki, N. amica, N. andersoni, N. assiniboiensis, N. athabaskensis, N. bifida, N. bocconis, N. brewsterensis, N. calcicola, N. cancellata, N. cancellata, N. carantana, N. catalina, N. certisinus, N. chargensis, N. coelata, N. complanata, N. concinna, N. cordata, N. cossmanni, N. costaeimbricatis, N. crenulata, N. crepida, N. curvata, N. darella, N. delphinodonta, N. dimidiata, N. domandaensis, N. eightsii, N. etheridgei, N. excavata, N. expansa, N. gabbiana, N. goldfussii, N. greppini, N. hannibali, N. hausmanni, N. impressa, N. inflata, N. isosceles, N. joanniswanneri, N. karatsuensis, N. lateralis, N. latissima, N. lucida, N. major, N. mancorensis, N. margaritifera, N. martini, N. matani, N. mayeri, N. micheleae, N. monroensis, N. morundiana, N. mucronata, N. munsteri, N. narica, N. nejdensis, N. nitidosa, N. nizenensis, N. njalindungensis, N. observatoria, N. obtusa, N. obtusa, N. oppeliana, N. orbicella, N. ovata, N. paboensis, N. pectinata, N. pectuncularis, N. pilkeyi, N. planimarginata, N. prunicola, N. pusilla, N. rembangensis, N. rescuensis, N. reticularis, N. ripae, N. rossiana, N. rotunda, N. schlosseri, N. scissurata, N. sedanensis, N. semistriata, N. shaleri, N. simplex, N. sinaria, N. smithsoni, N. solitaria, N. speciosa, N. stantoni, N. stephana, N. storrsi, N. strigilata, N. studeri, N. subaequilatera, N. subcuneata (syn. N. cuneata), N. subnuda, N. subovalis, N. subredempta, N. subserradensis, N. subtransversa, N. sundaica, N. tallahalaensis, N. taphria, N. tatriana, N. telleri, N. tenuis, N. tenuistriata, N. tersior, N. townsendi, N. truncata, N. turgens, N. variabilis, N. vestigia, N. vicksburgensis, N. waikuraensis
Species lacking formal opinion data
N. angusta, N. aptera, N. calliope, N. cipleyensis, N. ciplyensis, N. cochlear, N. dasa, N. defuniak, N. dixoni, N. eudorae, N. fritschi, N. guillermensis, N. indica, N. mametschinskensis, N. meadinga, N. microconcentrica, N. otamatea, N. percrassa, N. planata, N. potomacensis, N. praelongata, N. pulchra, N. rivulana, N. sagittata, N. silicea, N. stachei, N. subtrigona, N. waiaotea, N. waiotea

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1799Nucula Lamarck p. 87
1858Leda (Nucula) Meek and Hayden
1895Nucula Stanton p. 51
1904Nucula Glenn p. 398
1909Nucula townsendi Dall p. 101
1928Nucula Nagao p. 19
1931Nucula Grant, IV and Gale
1931Nucula (Nucula) townsendi Grant, IV and Gale p. 112
1931Nucula Olsson p. 32
1935Nucula Oostingh p. 123
1937Nucula Russell and Landes p. 131
1939Nucula Mukerjee p. 5
1945Nucula Gardner p. 40
1951Nucula Eames p. 314
1953Nucula Hassan p. 17
1967Nucula Skwarko p. 14
1969Nucula da Silva Forti p. 62
1972Nucula Hertlein and Grant p. 144
1973Nucula Marasti p. 99
1973Nucula Woodring p. 488
1976Nucula Moore p. 42
1978Nucula Malumian et al. p. 270
1980Nucula Vokes p. 2
1982Nucula Dockery p. 27
1983Nucula Gliozzi and Malatesta p. 87
1983Nucula Moore p. A44
1983Nucula Zinsmeister p. 1824
1987Nucula Ward and Blackwelder p. 129
1992Nucula Stilwell and Zinsmeister p. 47
1992Nucula del Rio p. 12
1995Nucula Islamoglu and Taner p. 154
1998Nucula Lamprell and Healy p. 32
1999Nucula Wienrich p. 206
2000Nucula Coan et al. pp. 71, 73
2002Nucula Sepkoski
2004Nucula Spencer et al.
2004Nucula Stilwell et al. p. 16
2006Nucula El Qot p. 16
2010Nucula Bouchet et al.
2010Nucula Huber p. 85
2012Nucula Coan and Valentich-Scott p. 41

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
RankNameAuthor
—Eubivalvia
subclassProtobranchia(Pelseneer 1889)
superorderNuculiformiiDall 1889
orderNuculida(Dall 1889)
superfamilyNuculoidea(Gray 1824)
familyNuculidaeGray 1824
genusNuculaLamarck 1799

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Nucula Lamarck 1799
show all | hide all
Subg. Nucula (Deminucula) Iredale 1931
+
†Deminucula infrequens Maxwell 1992
Deminucula praetenta Iredale 1924
Subg. †Nucula (Gibbonucula) Eames 1951
+
Subg. Nucula (Lamellinucula) Schenck 1944
+
+
Invalid names: Nucula (Lamellinucula) keenae Bernard 1983 [synonym], Nucula (Lamellinucula) takashii Bernard 1983 [synonym]
+
Invalid names: Nucula cilleborgensis Ravn 1907 [synonym], Nucula praemissa Semper 1861 [synonym]
+
Invalid names: Nucula paytensis Adams 1856 [synonym], Nucula suprastriata Arnold 1903 [synonym]
†Nucula (Lamellinucula) kennedyi Zinsmeister 1983
Subg. Nucula (Linucula) Marwick 1931
+
Linucula recens Dell 1956
†Nucula (Linucula) waipaoa Marwick 1931
Subg. Nucula (Nucula) Lamarck 1799
+
†Nucula (Nucula) archiaci Cossmann and Pissarro 1927
†Nucula (Nucula) bidorsata Soliczka 1871
†Nucula (Nucula) cooperi Dickerson 1913
†Nucula (Nucula) cromata Sorgenfrel 1958
†Nucula (Nucula) fragilis Deshayes 1829
Nucula (Nucula) hanleyi Winckworth 1931
†Nucula (Nucula) mediavia Harris 1896
†Nucula (Nucula) mirada Olsson 1964
†Nucula (Nucula) mixta Deshayes 1858
+
Invalid names: Nucula chrysocoma Dall 1908 [synonym]
Nucula (Nucula) proxima Say 1820 [Atlantic Nut Clam]
Nucula (Nucula) schencki Hertlein and Strong 1940
Nucula (Nucula) sericea Thiele and Jaeckel 1931
†Nucula (Nucula) smithvillensis Stenzel and Twining 1957
†Nucula (Nucula) vieta Guppy 1874
+
Invalid names: Nucula venezuelana Weisbord 1964 [synonym]
†Nucula (Nucula) vitis Anderson and Hanna 1925
†Nucula (Nucula) zwierzyckii Oostingh 1933
Subg. Nucula (Pronucula) Hedley 1902
+
†Nucula (Pronucula) similis Cossmann and Pissarro 1904
†Pronucula atkinsoni Johnston 1880
Pronucula bollonsi Powell 1955
Pronucula decorosa Hedley 1902
†Pronucula fenestralis Tate 1886
Pronucula maoria Powell 1937
Pronucula tenuis Powell 1927
†Pronucula totangiensis Marwick 1931
Subg. Nucula (Rumptunucula) Bergmans 1978
Subg. Nucula (Varinucula) Maxwell 1988
+
†Nucula acutula Bittner 1895
†Nucula alcocki Noetling 1895
†Nucula amica Gardner 1916
†Nucula andersoni Clark and Durham 1946
†Nucula assiniboiensis Russell and Landes 1937
†Nucula athabaskensis McLearn 1931
†Nucula bifida Clark 1918
†Nucula bocconis Stoppani 1865
†Nucula brewsterensis Hassan 1953
Nucula calcicola Moore 1977 [Reef Nut Clam]
†Nucula cancellata Vredenburg 1928
†Nucula cancellata Meek and Hayden 1857
†Nucula carantana Bittner 1894
†Nucula catalina Olsson 1930
Nucula certisinus Finlay 1930
†Nucula chargensis Quaas 1902
Nucula coelata Hinds 1843
†Nucula complanata Goldfuss 1838
†Nucula concinna Sowerby 1836
†Nucula cordata Goldfuss 1837
†Nucula cossmanni Vincent 1892
†Nucula costaeimbricatis Newton 1922
Nucula crenulata Adams 1856 [Crenulate Nut Clam]
†Nucula crepida Marwick 1931
†Nucula curvata Wood 1864
Nucula darella Dall 1916
Nucula delphinodonta Mighels and Adams 1842 [Dolphin-toothed Nut Clam]
†Nucula dimidiata Bittner 1895
†Nucula domandaensis Eames 1951
†Nucula eightsii Couthouy 1839
†Nucula etheridgei Ludbrook 1966
†Nucula excavata Goldfuss 1837
†Nucula expansa Wissmann 1841
†Nucula gabbiana Dickerson 1916
†Nucula goldfussii Alberti 1863
†Nucula greppini Deshayes 1858
†Nucula hannibali Clark 1925
†Nucula hausmanni Roemer 1836
Nucula impressa Conrad 1849
†Nucula inflata Wissmann 1841
†Nucula isosceles Stoppani 1857
†Nucula joanniswanneri Krumbeck 1923
†Nucula karatsuensis Nagao 1928
†Nucula lateralis Terquem and Jourdy 1869
†Nucula latissima Phillips 1841
†Nucula lucida Böhm 1891
†Nucula major Richards 1944
†Nucula mancorensis Olsson 1931
†Nucula margaritifera Douvillé 1916
†Nucula martini Finlay 1927
†Nucula matani Stoppani 1865
†Nucula mayeri Hörnes 1865
†Nucula micheleae Marincovich, Jr. 1993
†Nucula monroensis Aldrich 1886
†Nucula morundiana Tate 1886
†Nucula mucronata Conrad 1848
†Nucula munsteri Goldfuss 1863
†Nucula narica Vredenburg 1928
†Nucula nejdensis Abbass 1972
Nucula nitidosa Winckworth 1930
†Nucula nizenensis Nagao 1928
†Nucula njalindungensis Martin 1919
†Nucula observatoria Ihering 1907
†Nucula obtusa Lamarck 1799
†Nucula obtusa Sowerby 1836
†Nucula oppeliana Stoppani 1865
†Nucula orbicella Olsson 1922
†Nucula ovata Phillips 1841
†Nucula paboensis Olsson 1931
†Nucula pectinata Sowerby 1818
†Nucula pilkeyi Ward and Blackwelder 1987
†Nucula planimarginata Meek and Hayden 1857
†Nucula prunicola Dall 1898
†Nucula pusilla Angas 1877
†Nucula rembangensis Martin 1919
†Nucula rescuensis Walcott 1884
†Nucula reticularis Ortmann 1900
†Nucula ripae Harris 1919
Nucula rossiana Finlay 1930
†Nucula rotunda Bittner 1895
†Nucula schlosseri Traub 1938
Nucula scissurata Broderip and Sowerby 1829
†Nucula sedanensis Haanstra and Spiker 1932
†Nucula semistriata Tate 1886
†Nucula shaleri Dall 1894
†Nucula simplex Deshayes 1842
†Nucula sinaria Dall 1898
†Nucula smithsoni Glibert 1975
†Nucula solitaria Gabb 1869
†Nucula speciosa Münster 1863
†Nucula stantoni Stephenson 1923
†Nucula stephana Henry 1876
†Nucula storrsi Stanton 1895
†Nucula strigilata Goldfuss 1837
†Nucula studeri d'Archaic 1850
†Nucula subaequilatera Schafhaeutl 1865
†Nucula subcuneata d'Orbigny 1849
+
Invalid names: Nucula cuneata Münster 1841 [replaced]
†Nucula subnuda D'Orbigny 1890
†Nucula subovalis Goldfuss 1837
†Nucula subredempta Böhm 1891
†Nucula subserradensis Krumbeck 1923
†Nucula subtransversa Nyst 1844
†Nucula sundaica Krumbeck 1924
†Nucula tallahalaensis Dockery 1982
†Nucula taphria Dall 1898
†Nucula tatriana King 1850
†Nucula telleri von Wöhrmann 1889
†Nucula tenuis Hyatt 1892
†Nucula tenuistriata Sowerby 1837
†Nucula tersior Marwick 1929
†Nucula truncata Nilsson 1828
†Nucula turgens Wood 1879
†Nucula variabilis Sowerby 1825
†Nucula vestigia Marwick 1929
†Nucula vicksburgensis Conrad 1848
†Nucula waikuraensis Marwick 1931
Invalid names: Nucula townsendi Dall 1909 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
partNmeanminimummaximummedians.d.
height179.051.0018.011.34.54
valve height34.604.045.954.051.10

Composition: aragonitef
Entire body: yesf
Adult length: 1.0 to < 10f
Adult width: 1.0 to < 10f
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10f
Thickness: thinf
Folds: nonef
Ribbing: minorf
Spines: nonef
Internal reinforcement: nonef
Ontogeny: accretionf
Environment: coastal, inner shelf, outer shelf, oceanicf
Locomotion: facultatively mobilef
Life habit: infaunalf
Diet: deposit feederf
Diet 2: suspension feederf
Vision: blindc
Created: 2008-11-15 10:09:53
Modified: 2009-08-18 20:13:53
Source: f = family, c = class
References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Mikkelsen and Bieler 2008

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Arenig to the top of the Holocene or 478.60000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 466.0 Ma

Collections (1649 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Arenig478.6 - 466.0France (Montagne Noire) N. sp. (20831)
Caradoc458.4 - 449.5Bolivia N. sp. (8848)
Idavere458.0 - 453.0Sweden (Skania) N. sp. (2770)
Silurian443.8 - 419.2Bolivia N. sp. (25083)
Llandovery443.4 - 433.4Paraguay N. sp. (25570)
Wenlock433.4 - 427.4USA (New York) N. sp. (13072)
Ludlow427.4 - 423.0USA (New York) N. sp. (76664)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3Canada (Quebec) N. sp. (608)
Emsian - Eifelian407.6 - 387.7Brazil (Parana) N. sp. (37107)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7USA (Pennsylvania) N. sp. (610)
Givetian387.7 - 382.7Brazil (Para) N. sp. (37173 37174)
Givetian387.7 - 382.7USA (New York) N. sp. (5619 5620 5657 5661 5664 5665 5666 5667 5668 5669 9028)
Givetian387.7 - 382.7USA (Pennsylvania) N. sp. (627 670)
Frasnian - Famennian382.7 - 358.9USA (Pennsylvania) N. sp. (225800)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9USA (Ohio) N. sp. (653)
Tournaisian358.9 - 346.7Australia (New South Wales) N. sp. (44158)
Mississippian358.9 - 323.2USA (Alaska) N. sp. (112174)
Carboniferous358.9 - 298.9USA (Oklahoma) N. sp. (117 157 163)
Carboniferous358.9 - 298.9USA (Kansas) N. sp. (109)
Visean346.7 - 330.9United Kingdom (Northern Ireland) N. luciniformis (211905)