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Merriamosauria

Reptilia

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1999Merriamosauria Motani fig. 1
2000Merriamosauria Maisch and Matzke p. 96
2003Merriamosauria McGowan and Motani
2006Merriamosauria Maisch et al.
2010Merriamosauria Maisch
2016Merriamosauria Ji et al. p. 10
2017Merriamosauria Moon
2019Merriamosauria Moon p. 145

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Life
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
RankNameAuthor
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
Romeriida
Diapsida()
Ichthyosauromorpha
Ichthyosauriformes
Ichthyopterygia(Owen 1840)
Eoichthyosauria
Ichthyosauria(de Blainville 1835)
Hueneosauria
Merriamosauria
Merriamosauria

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. †Merriamosauria Motani 1999
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Fm. †Besanosauridae McGowan and Motani 2003
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G. †Besanosaurus Dal Sasso and Pinna 1996
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Besanosaurus leptorhynchus Dal Sasso and Pinna 1996
Fm. †Californosauridae Von Huene 1948
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G. †Californosaurus Kuhn 1934
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Californosaurus perrini Merriam 1902
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Invalid names: Shastasaurus perrini Merriam 1902 [replaced]
Invalid names: Delphinosaurus Merriam 1905 [synonym]
G. †Callawayia Maisch and Matzke 2000
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Callawayia neoscapularis Mcgowan 1994
Fm. †Guanlingsauridae Yin et al. 2000
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G. †Mikadocephalus Maisch and Matzke 1997
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Mikadocephalus gracilirostris Maisch and Matzke 1997
Fm. †Merriamosauridae Maisch and Matzke 2003
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G. †Merriamosaurus Maisch and Matzke 2002
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Merriamosaurus hulkei Maisch and Matzke 2000
G. †Pessopteryx Wiman 1910
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Pessopteryx nisseri Wiman 1910
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Invalid names: Omphalosaurus nisseri Wiman 1910 [synonym]
Fm. †Shastasauridae Merriam 1902
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G. †Guanlingsaurus Yin et al. 2000
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Guanlingsaurus liangae Yin et al. 2000
G. †Guizhouichthyosaurus Cao and Luo 2000
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Guizhouichthyosaurus tangae Cao et al. 2000
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Invalid names: Cymbospondylus asiaticus Li and You 2002 [synonym], Panjiangsaurus epicharis Chen and Cheng 2003 [synonym]
G. †Metashastasaurus Nicholls and Manabe 2001
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G. †Shastasaurus Merriam 1895
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Shastasaurus alexandrae Merriam 1902
Shastasaurus careyi Merriam 1902
Shastasaurus pacificus Merriam 1895
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Invalid names: Shastasaurus altispinus Merriam 1902 [synonym], Shastasaurus osmonti Merriam 1902 [synonym]
Shastasaurus sikkaniensis Nicholls and Manabe 2004
Invalid names: Shastasaurus carinthiacus von Huene 1925 [nomen dubium], Shastasaurus merriami von Huene 1916 [nomen dubium], Shastasaurus nordensis Ochev 1972 [nomen dubium]
G. †Shonisaurus Camp 1976
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Shonisaurus popularis Camp 1976
Invalid names: Shonisaurus mulleri Camp 1976 [nomen dubium], Shonisaurus silberlingi Camp 1976 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Ichthyosaurus carinatus Sauvage 1876 [nomen dubium], Ichthyosaurus rheticus Sauvage 1876 [nomen dubium], Shastasaurinae Merriam 1908 [empty], Shastasaurus sieversi Riabinin 1946 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Shonisauridae Camp 1980
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G. †Himalayasaurus Dong 1972
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G. †Thalattoarchon Fröbisch et al. 2013
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Thalattoarchon saurophagis Fröbisch et al. 2013
Invalid names: Euichthyosauria Motani 1999 [empty], Shastasauria Motani 1999 [empty]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
C. Ji et al. 2016Postfrontal medial extension over the anterior mar- gin of the upper temporal fenestra; quadratojugal taller than long; scapula anterior process absent, anterior margin slightly convex or nearly straight; coracoid facet on scapula equal to or smaller than glenoid facet; coracoid foramen absent; coracoid concave anteri- orly and posteriorly; humerus distal and proximal width nearly equal; radius peripheral shaft reduced or absent; metacarpal I not ossified; metacarpal III shaft absent; manual digit II distal ele- ments peripheral shaft notched or absent; pes digit I absent; proxi- mal manual phalanges widely spaced along the proximodistal axis; shape of the posterior surface of the ulna rounded; notching of the anterior facet of leading elements of forefin in adult.
B. C. Moon 2019The last common ancestor of Shastasaurus pacificus and Ichthyosaurus communis, and all its descendants [node-based] (Motani 1999c).
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatiteo
Environment: marineo
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: nektonico
Diet: carnivoreo
Reproduction: viviparouso
Created: 2009-07-20 06:07:40
Modified: 2010-02-23 00:20:57
Source: o = order
Reference: Kiessling 2004

Age range: base of the Spathian to the top of the Rhaetian or 251.30000 to 201.30000 Ma

Collections (40 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Triassic252.17 - 201.3USA (California) Shastasaurus alexandrae, Shastasaurus osmonti (153314)
Spathian251.3 - 247.2Svalbard and Jan Mayen Merriamosaurus hulkei (196986) Pessopteryx nisseri (196985)
Anisian247.2 - 242.0Svalbard and Jan Mayen Omphalosaurus nisseri (196805)
Pelsonian247.2 - 242.0USA (Nevada) Thalattoarchon saurophagis (138264)
Anisian - Ladinian247.2 - 237.0Switzerland Mikadocephalus sp., Besanosaurus leptorhynchus (13344)
Ladinian242.0 - 237.0China (Guizhou) Guizhouichthyosaurus sp. (213309)
Ladinian242.0 - 237.0Svalbard and Jan Mayen Mikadocephalus gracilirostris (175939)
Longobardian242.0 - 235.0China (Guizhou) Guizhouichthyosaurus sp. (196509 196510)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0USA (California) Californosaurus sp. (136686) Shastasaurus altispinus (190855) Shastasaurus pacificus, Californosaurus perrini (196798) Shastasaurus sp. (152275)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0China (Guizhou) Guizhouicthyosaurus tangae, Guanlingsaurus liangae (97713) Panjiangsaurus epicharis (102997) Shastasaurus tangae, Callawayia wolonggangense (98908)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0Mexico (Sonora) Shastasaurus altispinus (102472 214415)
Carnian - Norian237.0 - 208.5USA (California) Shastasaurus careyi (196803)
Carnian - Norian237.0 - 208.5Italy Shastasauridae indet. (198640)
Tuvalian232.0 - 221.5China (Guizhou) Ghuizhouichthyosaurus tangae, Guanlingichthyosaurus liangae (85166)
Tuvalian232.0 - 221.5Italy (Belluno) Shonisaurus popularis (99311)
Norian228.0 - 208.5Canada (British Columbia) Shastasauridae indet. (107288 107289 107290 107291) Shastasaurus neoscapularis (90337)
Norian228.0 - 208.5USA (Oregon) Shastasaurus osmonti (140303)
Lacian221.5 - 215.56USA (Nevada) Shonisaurus popularis, Shonisaurus mulleri, Shonisaurus silberlingi (102368)
Otamitan221.5 - 212.0New Zealand (South Island) Shastasauridae indet. (106318)
Alaunian215.56 - 212.0Canada (British Columbia) Shonisaurus sikanniensis, Callawayia sp. (97843)
Alaunian215.56 - 212.0China (Tibet) Himalayasaurus tibetensis (148626)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3Switzerland Shastasauridae indet. (195672)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3France (Champagne-Ardennes) Ichthyosaurus rheticus (139922)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3Germany (Westphalia) Shonisaurus sp. (218156)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3France (Burgundy) Ichthyosaurus rheticus (144759) Ichthyosaurus rheticus, Ichthyosaurus carinatus, Rachitrema pellati (144758)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3France (Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur Region) Shastasauridae indet. (166561)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3Austria Shastasauridae indet. (195671)