Basic info Taxonomic history Classification Included Taxa
Morphology Ecology and taphonomy External Literature Search Age range and collections

Bovina

Mammalia - Bovidae

Taxonomy
Bovina was named by Gray (1821). It is extant. Its type is Bos.

It was assigned to Bovini by Hassanin and Douzery (1999).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1821Bovina Gray
1999Bovina Hassanin and Douzery p. 899

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Life
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
subclassSynapsida
Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
Mammaliamorpha
Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
RankNameAuthor
Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
Theriiformes()
Trechnotheria
Cladotheria
Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
Eutheria()
Placentalia
Boreoeutheria
Laurasiatheria
Scrotifera
Euungulata
Artiodactylamorpha
Artiodactyla()
Ruminantiamorpha
Ruminantia(Scopoli 1777)
Pecora()
familyBovidae
subfamilyBovinae(Gray 1821)
tribeBoviniGray 1821
subtribeBovinaGray 1821
subtribeBovinaGray 1821

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subtr. Bovina Gray 1821
show all | hide all
G. Bison Hamilton-Smith 1827 [bison]
hide
Bison alaskensis Rhoads 1897
+
Invalid names: Bison aguascalentensis Mooser and Dalquest 1975 [synonym], Bison chaneyi Cook 1928 [synonym]
Bison antiquus Leidy 1852
+
Invalid names: Bison californicus Rhoads 1897 [synonym], Bison figginsi Hay and Cook 1928 [synonym], Bison kansensis McClung 1905 [synonym], Bison occidentalis Lucas 1898 [synonym], Bison oliverhayi Figgins 1933 [synonym], Bison pacificus Hay 1927 [synonym], Bison taylori Hay and Cook 1928 [synonym], Bison texanus Hay and Cook 1928 [synonym], Bos scaphoceras [synonym]
Bison bison Linnaeus 1758 [American bison]
+
Invalid names: Bos americanus Gmelin 1788 [synonym]
Bison bonasus Linnaeus 1758
+
Invalid names: Bison europaeus Owen 1849 [synonym]
Bison francisi Frick 1937
Bison latifrons Harlan 1825
+
Invalid names: Bison alleni Marsh 1877 [synonym], Bison angularis Figgins 1933 [synonym], Bison ferox Marsh 1877 [synonym], Bison regius Hay 1913 [synonym], Bison rotundus Figgins 1933 [synonym], Bos arizonica Blake 1898 [synonym], Bos crampianus Cope 1894 [synonym], Sus americanus Harlan [synonym]
Bison palaeosinensis Teilhard de Chardin and Piveteau 1930
Bison priscus Bojanus 1827
+
Invalid names: Bison crassicornis Richardson 1854 [synonym], Bison geisti Skinner and Kaisen 1947 [synonym], Bison praeoccidentalis Skinner and Kaisen 1947 [synonym], Bison willistoni Martin 1924 [synonym]
Bison sivalensis Falconer 1847
Bison sylvestris Hay 1915
Invalid names: Harlanus Owen 1846 [synonym], Simobison Hay and Cook 1930 [synonym], Stelabison Figgins 1933 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: grazerf
Diet 2: browserf
Reproduction: viviparousf
Created: 2005-06-08 10:11:09
Modified: 2005-09-22 12:01:17
Source: f = family, o = order, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Nowak 1991, Nowak 1999, Carroll 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Clarendonian to the top of the Holocene or 13.60000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 10.3 Ma

Collections (309 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Middle Miocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene15.97 - 0.781Netherlands Bison priscus (189573)
Clarendonian13.6 - 10.3USA (Texas) Bison sp. (18611)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Russian Federation (Rostovskaya Oblast') Bison sp. (39409)
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117Spain (Granada) Leptobos sp. (40986)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (Texas) Bison sp. (20022)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588India Bison sp. (39209 39210)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.588Mexico (México) Bos latifrons (163820)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene3.6 - 0.781China (Hebei) Bison palaeosinensis (231023)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781France (Auvergne) Bison schoetensacki (47830) Bison sp. (47831)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Romania Bison schoetensacki (33974 34009)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Kyrgyzstan Bison sp. (34447)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Germany (Thüringen) Bison priscus (43020 45065 45067 45070 45085)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Spain (Castilla-Leon) Bison sp. (34916)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Italy (Foggia) Bison sp. (40988 40992 40993 40994 40999 41000 41004 41006 41007)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Georgia Bison georgicus (56733) Bison sp. (40401)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Russian Federation (Western Transbaikalia) Bison sp. (40265 40266)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Germany (Untermassfeld) Bison menneri (190087)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Russian Federation (West Siberia) Bison sp. (40495)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Russian Federation (Respublika Saha (Jakutija)) Bison sp. (48580)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.588 - 0.781Greece (Macedonia) Bison sp. (34784)