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Dipnomorpha
Taxonomy
Dipnomorpha was named by Ahlberg (1991). It is extant.
It was reranked as the infraclass Dipnomorpha by Nelson et al. (2016); it was reranked as the order Dipnomorpha by Mondéjar‐Fernández et al. (2020).
It was assigned to Dipnotetrapodomorpha by Long (2011); to Dipnotetrapodomorpha by Betancur et al. (2013); to Sarcopterygii by Johanson and Ritchie (2000), Meyer and Zardoya (2003), Friedman and Daeschler (2006), Qiao and Zhu (2009), Clement (2009), Clement and Long (2010), Clement (2012), Sharp and Clack (2013), Qiao and Zhu (2015), Smithson et al. (2016) and Clack et al. (2019); and to Sarcopterygii by Yu (1998), Clement and Janvier (2004), Nelson et al. (2016) and Mondéjar‐Fernández et al. (2020).
It was reranked as the infraclass Dipnomorpha by Nelson et al. (2016); it was reranked as the order Dipnomorpha by Mondéjar‐Fernández et al. (2020).
It was assigned to Dipnotetrapodomorpha by Long (2011); to Dipnotetrapodomorpha by Betancur et al. (2013); to Sarcopterygii by Johanson and Ritchie (2000), Meyer and Zardoya (2003), Friedman and Daeschler (2006), Qiao and Zhu (2009), Clement (2009), Clement and Long (2010), Clement (2012), Sharp and Clack (2013), Qiao and Zhu (2015), Smithson et al. (2016) and Clack et al. (2019); and to Sarcopterygii by Yu (1998), Clement and Janvier (2004), Nelson et al. (2016) and Mondéjar‐Fernández et al. (2020).
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1991 | Dipnomorpha Ahlberg |
1998 | Dipnomorpha Yu |
2000 | Dipnomorpha Johanson and Ritchie |
2003 | Dipnomorpha Meyer and Zardoya |
2004 | Dipnomorpha Clement and Janvier |
2006 | Dipnomorpha Friedman and Daeschler |
2009 | Dipnomorpha Clement |
2009 | Dipnomorpha Qiao and Zhu |
2010 | Dipnomorpha Clement and Long |
2011 | Dipnomorpha Long p. 244 |
2012 | Dipnomorpha Clement |
2013 | Dipnomorpha Betancur et al. |
2013 | Dipnomorpha Sharp and Clack |
2015 | Dipnomorpha Qiao and Zhu |
2016 | Dipnomorpha Nelson et al. p. 106 |
2016 | Dipnomorpha Smithson et al. |
2019 | Dipnomorpha Clack et al. |
2020 | Dipnomorpha Mondéjar‐Fernández et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Or. Dipnomorpha Ahlberg 1991
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Superor. Ceratodontae
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Or. Ceratodontiformes Berg 1940 [Australian lungfish]
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G. †Ameghinoceratodus Apesteguia et al. 2007
Fm. †Arganodontidae Martin 1982
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G. †Arganodus Martin 1979
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†Arganodus arganensis Martin 1979
†Arganodus atlantis Martin 1979
†Arganodus multicristatus Vorobyeva and Minikh 1968
†Arganodus tiguidiensis Tabaste 1963
Fm. †Asiatoceratodontidae Vorobyeva 1967
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G. †Archaeoceratodus Kemp 1997
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†Archaeoceratodus avus Woodward 1906
†Archaeoceratodus djelleh Kemp 1982
†Archaeoceratodus rowleyi Kemp 1997
†Archaeoceratodus theganus Kemp 1997
Subor. Lepidosirenoidei
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Fm. Lepidosirenidae Stirton 1953
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G. Lepidosiren Fitzinger 1837
G. Protopterus Agassiz 1843 [african lungfish]
Invalid names: Protopteridae [empty]
Fm. Neoceratodontidae Miles 1977
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G. †Mioceratodus Kemp 1992
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†Mioceratodus anemosyrus Kemp 1992
†Mioceratodus diaphorus Kemp 1997
†Mioceratodus gregoryi White 1925
†Mioceratodus poastrus Kemp 1997
G. Neoceratodus Castelnau 1876 [Queensland lungfish]
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†Neoceratodus africanus Haug 1905
†Neoceratodus djelleh Kemp 1982
†Neoceratodus eyrensis White 1925
Neoceratodus forsteri Krefft 1870
†Neoceratodus gregoryi White 1925
†Neoceratodus nargun Kemp 1983
†Neoceratodus palmeri Krefft 1874
G. †Potamoceratodus Pardo et al. 2010
Invalid names: Ceratodontoidea Apesteguia et al. 2007 [empty]
Subor. †Porolepiformes Jarvik 1942
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Fm. †Holoptychiidae Owen 1859
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G. †Glyptolepis Agassiz 1843
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†Glyptolepis baltica Gross 1936
†Glyptolepis elegans Agassiz 1844
†Glyptolepis groenlandica Jarvik 1972
†Glyptolepis leptopterus Agassiz 1844
†Glyptolepis microlepidotus Agassiz 1844
†Glyptolepis paucidens Agassiz 1844
G. †Holoptychius Agassiz 1843
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†Gyrolepis (Holoptychius) giganteus Agassiz 1843
†Holoptychius americanus Leidy 1843
†Holoptychius bergmanni Downs et al. 2013
†Holoptychius filosus Cope 1892
†Holoptychius flabellatus Cope 1892
†Holoptychius flemingi Agassiz 1844
†Holoptychius granulatus Newberry 1889
†Holoptychius hallii Newberry 1889
†Holoptychius hopkinsii M'Coy 1848
†Holoptychius ishora Jaekel 1929
†Holoptychius jarviki Cloutier and Schultze 1996
†Holoptychius latus Cope 1897
†Holoptychius nobilissimus Agassiz 1835
†Holoptychius pustulosus Newberry 1889
†Holoptychius quebecensis Whiteaves 1889
†Holoptychius radiatus Newberry 1889
†Holoptychius scheii Kiaer 1915
†Holoptychius serrulatus Cope 1897
†Holoptychius taylori Cloutier and Schultze 1996
†Holoptychius tuberculatus Newberry 1889
G. †Laccognathus Gross 1941
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†Laccognathus embryi Downs et al. 2011
†Laccognathus grossi Vorobyeva 2006
†Laccognathus panderi Gross 1941
Invalid names: Cyclodipterini [synonym]
G. †Porolepis Woodward 1891
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†Porolepis brevis Jarvik 1942
†Porolepis elongata Jarvik 1942
†Porolepis foxi Johanson et al. 2013
†Porolepis hefteri Gross 1935
†Porolepis kureikensis Vorobyeva 1963
†Porolepis posnaniensis Kade 1858
†Porolepis siegenensis Gross 1935
†Porolepis spitbergensis Jarvik 1942
†Porolepis uralensis Obrutchev 1938
Fm. †Ventalepididae Lebedev and Luksevics 2018
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Invalid names: Holoptychiiformes [synonym], Porolepidae [empty]
Fm. †Powichthyidae Jessen 1975
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G. †Powichthys Jessen 1975
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†Powichthys spitsbergensis Clement and Janvier 2004
†Powichthys thorsteinssoni Jessen 1975
Invalid names: Porolepimorpha [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009 |
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Emsian to the top of the Holocene or 407.60000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 402.5 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 402.5 Ma
Collections (231 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
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Early/Lower Emsian | Germany (Alken) | Porolepis sp. (27049) | |
Emsian | Canada (Northern Territories) | Nasogaluakus sp., Heimenia sp. (233061) | |
Emsian | Belarus (Gormel) | Glyptolepis sp. (232957) | |
Emsian | Canada (Northwest Territories) | Nasogaluakus chorni (136240) | |
Emsian - Eifelian | Australia (Queensland) | Holoptychiidae indet. (196702) | |
Late/Upper Emsian - Eifelian | Latvia | Porolepis sp. (226510) | |
Eifelian | Estonia | Glyptolepis spp. (225792 225793 225794) Glyptolepis spp., Porolepis sp. (225791) | |
Eifelian | Latvia | Glyptolepis spp. (225795 225796 225797) | |
Early/Lower Givetian | Estonia | Glyptolepis karksiensis, Hamodus lutkevitshi, Holoptychiidae indet. (225851) Glyptolepis spp. (225803) Glyptolepis spp., Holoptychiidae n. gen. 1 Ahlberg (225804) | |
Early/Lower Givetian | Latvia | Glyptolepis spp. (225802 225850) | |
Early/Lower Givetian | Belarus | Glyptolepis sp. (225886) | |
Givetian | Antarctica | Porolepiformes indet. (207072) | |
Early/Lower Frasnian | Russian Federation | Glyptolepis sp., Laccognathus sp., Holoptychius sp. (90343) | |
Early/Lower Frasnian | Iran | Holoptychiidae indet. (226048) | |
Middle Givetian | Belarus | Glyptolepis sp., Laccognathus sp. (225887) | |
Frasnian | USA (Pennsylvania) | Holoptychius americanus, Holoptychius filosus (164509) | |
Frasnian | USA (Colorado) | Holoptychius sp., Holoptychius giganteus (207898) | |
Frasnian | Canada (Quebec) | Holoptychiidae sp. indet., Quebecius quebecensis, Holoptychius jarviki (179176) | |
Late/Upper Devonian | USA (Pennsylvania) | Holoptychus latus (165525) | |
Late/Upper Devonian | Norway | Holoptychius nobilissimus, Holoptychius giganteus, Holoptychius americanus (154904) |