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Cycloneuralia

Taxonomy
Cycloneuralia was named by Ahlrichs (1995). It is extant.

It was assigned to Ecdysozoa by Nielsen (2012).

Sister taxa
Nematoidea, Scaldiphora

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1995Cycloneuralia Ahlrichs
2012Cycloneuralia Nielsen p. 270

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Protostomia
RankNameAuthor
Ecdysozoa
CycloneuraliaAhlrichs 1995
CycloneuraliaAhlrichs 1995

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. Cycloneuralia Ahlrichs 1995
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Ph. Nematoda Potts 1932 [roundworm]
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G. Anguillula Muller 1786
G. †Copalonema Poinar 2011
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Copalonema colombiana Poinar 2011
G. Enchytraeus Henle 1837
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Enchytraeus sepultus Menge 1866
Cl. Enoplea Inglis 1983
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Subcl. Dorylaimia Inglis 1983
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Or. Chromadorida Chitwood 1933
Or. Desmoscolecida Filipjev 1929
Or. Mermithida Hyman 1951
Or. Plectida Malakhov 1982
Or. Rhabditida Chitwood 1933
Subcl. Enoplia Pearse 1942
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Or. Enoplida Schuurmans et al. 1933
G. Ingenia Gerlach 1957
G. †Vetus Taylor 1935
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Vetus capillaceus Menge 1866
Vetus duisburgi Taylor 1935
Vetus elongatus Poinar 2011
Vetus libani Poinar 2011
Vetus maximus Poinar 2011
Vetus microcosmus Poinar 2011
Vetus pristinus Menge 1866
Vetus robustus Poinar 1977
Invalid names: Nemata [synonym]
Ph. Nematomorpha Vejdovsky 1886
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Superfm. Gordioidea Rauther 1930
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Fm. Chordodidae May 1919
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G. †Cretachordodes Poinar and Buckley 2006
G. Gordius Linnaeus 1758
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Gordius tenuifibrosus Voigt 1938
Invalid names: Gordiacea [synonym]
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Ph. Priapulida Théel 1906 [priapulid worm]
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G. †Acosmia Chen and Zhou 1997
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Acosmia maotiania Chen and Zhou 1997
Unr. †Archaeopriapulida Conway Morris 1977
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Fm. †Fieldiidae Conway Morris 1977
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G. †Fieldia Walcott 1912
G. †Lecythioscopa Conway Morris 1977
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Lecythioscopa simplex Conway Morris 1977
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Invalid names: Canadia simplex Walcott 1931 [replaced]
Fm. †Miskoidae Walcott 1911
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G. †Louisella
G. †Miskoia Walcott 1911
Fm. †Ottoidae Walcott 1911
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G. †Banffia Walcott 1911
G. †Ottoia Walcott 1911
G. †Scolecofurca Conway Morris 1977
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Scolecofurca rara Conway Morris 1977
Fm. †Selkirkiidae Conway Morris 1977
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G. †Selkirkia Walcott 1911
G. †Singuuriqia Peel 2017
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Singuuriqia simoni Peel 2017
Invalid names: Ancalagonidae Conway Morris 1977 [empty]
G. †Archotuba Hou et al. 1999
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Archotuba conoidalis Hou et al. 1999
G. †Corynetis Luo and Hu 1999
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Corynetis brevis Luo and Hu 1999
Corynetis fortis Hu et al. 2012
Invalid names: Anningvermis Huang et al. 2004 [synonym]
G. †Eximipriapulus Ma et al. 2014
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Eximipriapulus globocaudatus Ma et al. 2014
G. †Omnidens Hou and Others 2006
Unr. †Palaeoscolecidomorpha Shi et al. 2022
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G. †Houscolex
G. †Tabelliscolex Han et al. 2003
G. †Tylotites Luo and Hu 1999
G. †Maotianshania Sun and Huo 1987
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Maotianshania cylindrica Sun and Huo 1987
G. †Markuelia Valkov 1983
Cl. †Palaeoscolecida Conway-Morris and Robison 1986
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G. †Corallioscolex Müller and Hintz-Schallreuter 1993
G. †Cowiella Hinz 1987
Or. †Cricocosmida Han et al. 2007
G. †Milaculum
Invalid names: Palaeoscolecida [invalid subgroup]
G. †Paraselkirkia Luo and Hu 1999
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Paraselkirkia jinningensis Hou et al. 1999
Fm. Priapulidae Gosse 1855
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G. Acanthopriapulus van der Land 1970
G. †Priapulites Schram 1973
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Priapulites konecniorum Schram 1973
G. Priapulopsis Koren and Danielssen 1875
G. Priapulus Lamarck 1816
G. †Xiaoheiqingella Hu 2002
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Invalid names: Yunnanpriapulus halteroformis Huang et al. 2004 [synonym]
Invalid names: Yunnanpriapulus Huang et al. 2004 [synonym]
Or. †Priapulomorpha Slavini-Plawen 1974
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G. †Ancalagon Conway Morris 1977
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Ancalagon minor Walcott 1911
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Sicyophorus rara Luo and Hu 1999
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Invalid names: Protopriapulites haikouensis Hou et al. 1999 [synonym]
Invalid names: Palaeopriapulites Hou et al. 1999 [synonym], Protopriapulites Hou et al. 1999 [synonym]
Fm. Tubiluchidae Van der Land 1970
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G. †Paratubiluchus Han et al. 2004
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Paratubiluchus bicaudatus Han et al. 2004
Invalid names: Halicryptidae Salvini-Plawen 1974 [empty], Maccabeidae Por and Bromley 1974 [empty], Xiaoheiqingidae Chen 2002 [empty]
Invalid names: Priapula [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
No ecological data are available

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Nemakit-Daldynian to the top of the Holocene or 541.00000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 530.0 Ma

Collections (204 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Nemakit-Daldynian541.0 - 530.0Russian Federation (Siberia) Markuelia sp. (50340)
Meishucunian541.0 - 516.0China (Shaanxi) Houscolex lepidotus, Houscolex sp. (6851)
Early/Lower Cambrian541.0 - 513.0China (Yunnan) Paraselkirkia sp., Sicyophorus sp. (185938 185939) Xiaoheiqingella sp. (228573)
Tommotian530.0 - 520.0Russian Federation (Khabarovsk Krai) Markuelia secunda (50314)
Tommotian530.0 - 520.0China (Yunnan) Maotianshania cylindrica (6817 6818 6819) Palaeoscolex sinensis (9784 9785 9786)
Tommotian - Caerfai530.0 - 513.0China (Yunnan) Maotianshania cylindrica (9783)
Waucoban530.0 - 513.0Canada (Northwest Territories) Palaeoscolecida indet. (227949)
Caerfai - St Davids530.0 - 501.0China (Yunnan) Maotianshania cylindrica (9940 9941) Maotianshania cylindrica, Palaeoscolex sinensis (9937) Palaeoscolex sinensis, Cricocosmia jinningensis (9939)
Atdabanian520.0 - 516.0Mongolia Markuelia sp. (219046)
Atdabanian520.0 - 516.0China (Yunnan) Cricocosmia jiningensis, Banffia confusa, Maotianshania cylindrica, Paraselkirkia sinica, Palaeoscolex sinensis, Tylotites petiolaris, Tabelliscolex hexagonus, Sicyophorus rara, Acosmia maotiania, Corynetis brevis (68083) Cricocosmia jiningensis, Maotianshania cylindrica, Palaeoscolex sinensis (86851) Cricocosmia jiningensis, Palaeoscolex sinensis, Tabelliscolex hexagonus (86845) Cricocosmia jinningensis, Sicyophorus rara (90136) Mafangscolex sinensis (90138) Mafangscolex sinensis, Cricocosmia jinningensis (90149 90150 90164 90165) Maotianshania cylindrica (90494) Maotianshania cylindrica, Mafangscolex sinensis (90161 90163 90166) Maotianshania cylindrica, Palaeoscolex sinensis (9938) Maotianshania cylindrica, Palaeoscolex sinensis, Sicyophorus rara, Palaeopriapulites parvus (86846) Maotianshania sp., Acosmia sp. (86933) Paraselkirkia sinica, Mafangscolex sinensis (90152) Paraselkirkia sinica, Mafangscolex sinensis, Cricocosmia jinningensis, Sicyophorus rara, Corynetis brevis (90133 90135 90137) Paraselkirkia sinica, Mafangscolex sinensis, Cricocosmia jinningensis, Sicyophorus rara, Corynetis brevis, Xiaoheiqingella peculiaris (90151) Priapulida indet., Cricocosmia sp., Palaeoscolex sp., Banffia sp., Maotianshania sp., Acosmia sp., Corynetis sp., Paraselkirkia sp., Sicyophorus sp., Anningvermis sp. (86929) Priapulida indet., Palaeoscolex sp., Maotianshania sp., Corynetis sp., Paraselkirkia sp., Protopriapulites sp. (86930)
Atdabanian520.0 - 516.0United Kingdom (England) Cowiella granulata (79940) Cowiella reticulata, Cowiella verrucata, Cowiella undulata (79933)
Atdabanian520.0 - 516.0China (Hubei) Maotianshania cylindrica (68086)
Atdabanian - Caerfai520.0 - 513.0Greenland Singuuriqia simoni (9780)
Branchian520.0 - 513.0United Kingdom (England) Cowiella reticulata (79935 79937) Hadimopanella apicata (79931) Milaculum sp. indet., Cowiella reticulata, Cowiella verrucata (79928)
Botomian516.0 - 513.0Russian Federation (Yakutia) Palaeoscolecida indet., Palaeoscolex sp., Corallioscolex sp., Palaeoscolex lubovae, Palaeoscolex spinosus, Sahascolex labyrinthus (90438)
Botomian516.0 - 513.0China (Yunnan) Guanduscolex minor (90357) Palaeoscolex sp. (90363 90367 90368 90369 90370 90371) Paramaotianshania zijunia, Corynetis fortis (139521)
Botomian516.0 - 513.0Russian Federation (Siberia) Hadimopanella knappologica (174262)
Botomian516.0 - 513.0Australia (South Australia) Palaeoscolex antiquus, Wronascolex iacoborum (187498)
Duyunian516.0 - 513.0China (Shaanxi) Palaeoscolecida indet. (90680)
Dyeran516.0 - 513.0Greenland Hadimopanella apicata (49466 49467 49469 49470 49473 67782 67783 67787 67795 67797 67798 67799 67800)
Dyeran516.0 - 513.0USA (Pennsylvania) Ottoia sp., Selkirkia pennsylvanica (192 226194)
Dyeran516.0 - 513.0USA (Nevada) Ottoia sp. (10560) Selkirkia sp. (9820)
Lenian516.0 - 513.0Antarctica (South Shetland Islands) Hadimopanella antarctica (49692)
Nangaoian516.0 - 513.0China (Yunnan) Mafangscolex sinensi, Cricocosmia jinningensis, Corynetis brevis, Archotuba conoidalis, Paraselkirkia jinningensis (194160) Mafangscolex sinensis (132328) Mafangscolex sinensis, Cricocosmia jinningensis (194140) Mafangscolex sinensis, Cricocosmia jinningensis, Archotuba conoidalis (132329 194162) Mafangscolex sinensis, Cricocosmia jinningensis, Archotuba conoidalis, Paraselkirkia jinningensis (194150 194155) Mafangscolex sinensis, Cricocosmia jinningensis, Corynetis brevis, Palaeopriapulites parvus, Xiaoheiqingella peculiaris, Archotuba conoidalis, Paraselkirkia jinningensis (132330) Mafangscolex sinensis, Cricocosmia jinningensis, Palaeopriapulites parvus, Archotuba conoidalis, Paraselkirkia jinningensis (194143 194161 194163) Mafangscolex sinensis, Cricocosmia jinningensis, Xiaoheiqingella peculiaris, Archotuba conoidalis, Paraselkirkia jinningensis (194141) Mafangscolex sinensis, Cricocosmia jinningensis, Yunnanpriapulus halteroformis, Paraselkirkia jinningensis (194153) Mafangscolex sinensis, Tabelliscolex hexagonus, Cricocosmia jinningensis, Archotuba conoidalis (132327)
Nangaoian516.0 - 513.0China (Hubai) Selkirkia sp., Banffia sp., Archotuba sp., Corynetis sp. (219687)
Toyonian516.0 - 513.0Turkey (Konya) Hadimopanella oezgueli (93621)
Toyonian516.0 - 513.0Australia (South Australia) Kaimenella reticulata (64472 97986 97987 118171 118173)
Amgan513.0 - 505.0Russian Federation (Siberia) Hadimopanella knappologica (110619)
Amgan513.0 - 505.0Kyrgyzstan Hadimopanella oezgueli (156378)
Delamaran513.0 - 505.0Canada (British Columbia) Ottoia prolifica, Selkirkia columbia (84414 84416 84417 84434 84437) Ottoia prolifica, Selkirkia columbia, Louisella pedunculata (84423 84436) Priapulida indet. A, Selkirkia sp. A, Ottoia prolifica, Selkirkia columbia, Louisella pedunculata (84425) Priapulida indet. B, Fieldia lanceolata, Ottoia prolifica, Selkirkia columbia, Louisella pedunculata (84418) Selkirkia columbia (84413 84415 84420) Selkirkia sp. A, Ottoia prolifica, Selkirkia columbia (84421) Selkirkia sp. A, Ancalagon minor, Fieldia lanceolata, Ottoia prolifica, Selkirkia columbia, Louisella pedunculata (84424) Selkirkia sp. A, Fieldia lanceolata, Ottoia prolifica, Selkirkia columbia (84427) Selkirkia sp. A, Fieldia lanceolata, Ottoia prolifica, Selkirkia columbia, Louisella pedunculata (84422) Selkirkia sp. A, Ottoia prolifica, Selkirkia columbia (84412 84419 84426 84430 84431 84433) Selkirkia sp. A, Ottoia prolifica, Selkirkia columbia, Louisella pedunculata (84428 84429 84432 84435)
Delamaran513.0 - 505.0USA (Idaho) Selkirkia sp. (207) Selkirkia spencei (76096)
Delamaran513.0 - 505.0USA (Utah) Selkirkia spencei, Selkirkia columbia, Palaeoscolex ratcliffei (77218) Selkirkia willoughby, Selkirkia sp. (77219)
Taijangian513.0 - 505.0China (Guizhou) Ottoia sp. (79770)
Menevian513.0 - 501.0USA (Utah) Ottoia sp., Selkirkia sp., Palaeoscolecida gen. et sp. nov. A (230681)
Middle Cambrian513.0 - 501.0Canada (British Columbia) Priapulida indet., Selkirkia sp., Banffia sp. (171308)
Middle Cambrian513.0 - 501.0Canada (Brithish Columbia) Selkirkia sp. (188664)
Middle Cambrian513.0 - 501.0USA (Utah) Banffia episoma (80122)
Solvan513.0 - 501.0USA (Nevada) Ottoia sp. (9215)
Solvan513.0 - 501.0Russian Federation (Siberia) Hadimopanella knappologica (49429)
St Davids513.0 - 501.0Canada (British Columbia) Ottoia sp. (122017 122072) Ottoia sp., Ottoia prolifica (122094)
Marjumian513.0 - 498.5USA (Utah) Ottoia prolifica (77206) Selkirkia willoughbyi, Scathascolex minor, Ottoia prolifica (230679)
Merioneth501.0 - 485.4Russian Federation (Siberia) Protoscolex tchopkoensis (10009)
Guzhangian500.5 - 497.0China (Yunnan) Palaeoscolecida indet. (219647)
Floian477.7 - 470.0China (Hunan) Ottoia sp., Palaeoscolecida indet. (226639)
Darriwilian467.3 - 458.4United Kingdom (Wales) Priapulida NMW.2021.3 G.97, Palaeoscolecida NMW.2021.3 G.89, Archaeopriapulida NMW.2021.3 G.19 (230215)
Llandeilo466.0 - 449.5United Kingdom (Wales) Palaeoscolecidae gen. et sp. nov. Botting et al. in press (216511)
Caradoc460.9 - 449.5USA (New York) Protoscolex sp. (340)
Edenian460.9 - 449.5USA (Ohio) Protoscolex sp. (383 384)
Rocklandian460.9 - 449.5USA (Wisconsin) Milaculum sp. (90362)
Rocklandian - Shermanian460.9 - 449.5USA (Wisconsin) Milaculum sp. (90360)
Shermanian460.9 - 449.5USA (Wisconsin) Milaculum sp. (90366)
Turinian460.9 - 449.5Canada (British Columbia) Milaculum sp. (192195)
Maysvillian452.0 - 449.5Canada (Ontario) Protoscolex sp. (26302)
Richmondian449.5 - 443.7Canada (Nunavut) Milaculum ethinclarki (360)
Rhuddanian - Aeronian443.4 - 438.5USA (Iowa) Protoscolex sp. (26860)
Telychian438.5 - 433.4USA (Wisconsin) Palaeoscolecida indet., Hirudinea indet. (91415)
Ludlow427.4 - 423.0USA (Illinois) Protoscolex ruedemanni (76450) Protoscolex sp. (26861)
Pragian410.8 - 407.6United Kingdom (Scotland) Palaeonema phyticum (153498)
Desmoinesian313.8 - 305.9USA (Illinois) Tullimonstrum gregarium (232886)
Westphalian D311.45 - 306.95USA (Illinois) Priapulites konecniorum (122538 151852 168004) Priapulites konecniorum, Nemavermes mackeei (122493) Tullimonstrum gregarius (79598)
Ladinian242.0 - 237.0Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) Ascarites rufferi, Paleoxyuris cockburni (92809)
Bucklandi196.5 - 189.6Italy Eophasma jurasicum (90673)
Early/Lower Barremian130.0 - 125.45Lebanon Heleidomermis libani (122359) Vetus libani (124925)
Barremian129.4 - 125.0Svalbard and Jan Mayen Captivonema cretacea (167950)
Barremian - Early/Lower Aptian129.4 - 122.46Belgium (Sauerland) Ascarites priscus, Ascarites gerus (22645)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Myanmar (Kachin) Cretacimermis protus, Cretachordodes burmitis, Cretacimermis sp. (123429) Cretacimermis protus, Paleothelastoma tipulae, Palaeocosmocerca burmanica, Cretaciaphelenchoides burmensis, Cretodiplogaster termitophilus, Proheterorhabditis burmanicus, Cretacimermis aphidophilus (104053)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Myanmar Cretacimermis chironomae (111688 198285) Cretacimermis chironomae, Cretacimermis incredibilis, Cretacimermis calypta, Cretacimermis adelphe, Cretacimermis directa, Cretacimermis longa, Cretacimermis perforissi, Cretacimermis manicapsoci, Cretacimermis psoci, Cretacimermis cecidomyiae, Cretacimermis dolor (161726)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Canada (British Columbia) Nematoda sp. (123795)
Middle Eocene48.6 - 37.2Germany (Sachsen-Anhalt) Gordius tenuifibrosus (197509)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Poland Mermis matutina, Anguillula pristina, Anguillula capillacea, Enchytraeus sepultus, Mermis quadristriata (120811)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Denmark Heydenius matutinus (123762)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Russian Federation (Kaliningrad) Anguillula succini (138657) Heydenius araneus (125274) Heydenius phasmatophilus (167952) Heydenius simulphilus, Heydenius brownii, Heydenius formicinus, Howardula helenoschini, Heydenius podenasae, Heydenius cecidomyae, Heydenius matutinus, Heydenius quadristriatus, Heydenius sciarophilus, Palaeotetradonema sciarae, Cascofilaria baltica, Palaeoaphelenchoides balticus, Palaeoallantonema baltica, Palaeoallantonema zygopinae, Tripius balticus, Palaeorhabditis balticus, Psychodorhabditis balticus, Tipulacomis balticus (125139) Heydenius trichorosus (123766) Palaeoarachnus balticus (124318)
MP 3028.4 - 23.03Germany Mermis antiqua (123945)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Mexico (Chiapas) Oligaphelenchoides atrebora (140209) Oligodiplogaster antiqua (140212) Palaeotetradonema phlebotomae, Scolytonema mexicana (125757) Vetus robustus (124474 167951)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97New Zealand (Otago) Nematoda indet. (191650)
Burdigalian - Langhian20.44 - 13.82Dominican Republic Heydenius arachnius, Heydenius dipterophilus, Heydenius lamprophilus, Heydenius myrmecophila, Heydenius neotropicus, Heydenius psychodae, Heydenius saprophilus, Heydenius scatophilus, Myrmeconema antiqua, Cascofilaria dominicana, Cascofilaria parva, Panagrolaimus neotropicus, Bursaphelenchus similus, Chalcidonema paradoxa, Cryptaphelenchus dominicus, Oligaphelenchoides dominicanus, Oligaphelenchoides maximus, Setonema protera, Palaeoanguina dominicana, Paleoiotonchium dominicanum, Palaeoallantonema apionae, Palaeoallantonema cephalotae, Palaeoallantonema dominicana, Palaeoallantonema phlebotomae, Apifilaria proplebiae, Chilonema filaforma, Diplonema minuta, Filotermes minutus, Formicodiplogaster myrmenema, Scarabinema minuta, Scolytonema dominicana, Scolytonema hispaniolae, Syconema dominicana, Crustafila confina, Prescafilotermes dominicanus, Prescafilotermes elongatus, Psocidonema dominicana, Psychodorhabditis attenuatus, Psychodorhabditis dominicanus, Tipulacomis dominicanus, Vetus elongatus, Vetus maximus, Vetus microcosmus, Allantonematidae indet. (122472) Heydenius dominicus (122474) Palaeodiplogaster brentiphila (134457) Scolytonema dominicana (168001)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.588Germany (Niedersachsen) Mermithidae indet. (167949)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Colombia (Santander) Copalonema colombiana (168002)