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Dorudon
Taxonomy
Dorudon was named by Gibbes (1845). Its type is Dorudon serratus. It is the type genus of Dorudontinae. It was considered monophyletic by Uhen (2008) and Martinez-Cáceres and Muizon (2011).
It was synonymized subjectively with Basilosaurus by Gibbes (1847), Bronn (1853) and Gill (1872); it was synonymized subjectively with Zeuglodon by Pictet (1853), Zittel (1894), Trouessart (1898) and Zittel (1925); it was corrected as Doryodon by Cope (1867).
It was assigned to Zeuglodontidae by Stromer (1908); to Dorudontidae by Kellogg (1928), Hay (1930), Kellogg (1936) and Simpson (1945); to Prozeuglodontidae by Moustafa (1954); to Cetacea by Sepkoski (2002); to Cetaceamorpha by Spaulding et al. (2009); to Dorudontinae by Uhen (1996), McKenna and Bell (1997), Uhen (1998), Uhen (2002), van Vliet (2004), Uhen (2004), Bouetel and Muizon (2006), McLeod and Barnes (2008), Uhen (2008), Uhen (2009), Fordyce and Roberts (2009), Schouten (2011), Gao and Ni (2015) and Mahdy et al. (2019); and to Basilosauridae by Cope (1867), Hay (1902), Trouessart (1904), Palmer (1904), Carroll (1988), Benton (1993), Geisler and Sanders (2003), Clementz et al. (2006), Fitzgerald (2010), Martinez-Cáceres and Muizon (2011), Gingerich (2012), Uhen (2013), Cioppi (2014), Gingerich and Cappetta (2014), Boessenecker and Fordyce (2015), Marx et al. (2016), Martínez-Cáceres et al. (2017), Berta (2017), Uhen (2018), Zalmout et al. (2020) and van Vliet et al. (2020).
It was synonymized subjectively with Basilosaurus by Gibbes (1847), Bronn (1853) and Gill (1872); it was synonymized subjectively with Zeuglodon by Pictet (1853), Zittel (1894), Trouessart (1898) and Zittel (1925); it was corrected as Doryodon by Cope (1867).
It was assigned to Zeuglodontidae by Stromer (1908); to Dorudontidae by Kellogg (1928), Hay (1930), Kellogg (1936) and Simpson (1945); to Prozeuglodontidae by Moustafa (1954); to Cetacea by Sepkoski (2002); to Cetaceamorpha by Spaulding et al. (2009); to Dorudontinae by Uhen (1996), McKenna and Bell (1997), Uhen (1998), Uhen (2002), van Vliet (2004), Uhen (2004), Bouetel and Muizon (2006), McLeod and Barnes (2008), Uhen (2008), Uhen (2009), Fordyce and Roberts (2009), Schouten (2011), Gao and Ni (2015) and Mahdy et al. (2019); and to Basilosauridae by Cope (1867), Hay (1902), Trouessart (1904), Palmer (1904), Carroll (1988), Benton (1993), Geisler and Sanders (2003), Clementz et al. (2006), Fitzgerald (2010), Martinez-Cáceres and Muizon (2011), Gingerich (2012), Uhen (2013), Cioppi (2014), Gingerich and Cappetta (2014), Boessenecker and Fordyce (2015), Marx et al. (2016), Martínez-Cáceres et al. (2017), Berta (2017), Uhen (2018), Zalmout et al. (2020) and van Vliet et al. (2020).
Species
D. atrox (syn. D. stromeri, D. intermedius), D. serratus (type species)
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1845 | Dorudon Gibbes p. 255 figs. Plate 1 |
| 1867 | Doryodon Cope p. 144 |
| 1902 | Dorudon Hay p. 587 |
| 1904 | Dorudon Palmer p. 237 |
| 1904 | Dorudon Trouessart p. 754 |
| 1906 | Prozeuglodon Andrews p. 243 |
| 1908 | Dorudon Stromer p. 148 |
| 1914 | Prozeuglodon Abel p. 220 |
| 1919 | Prozeuglodon Abel p. 751 |
| 1921 | Prozeuglodon Winge p. 7 |
| 1928 | Dorudon Kellogg p. 32 figs. Table 1 |
| 1928 | Prozeuglodon Kellogg p. 32 figs. Table 1 |
| 1930 | Dorudon Hay p. 568 |
| 1936 | Prozeuglodon Kellogg p. 75 |
| 1936 | Dorudon Kellogg p. 177 |
| 1936 | Prozeuglodon Slijper p. 540 |
| 1945 | Dorudon Simpson p. 100 |
| 1945 | Prozeuglodon Simpson p. 100 |
| 1954 | Dorudon Moustafa p. 87 |
| 1954 | Prozeuglodon Moustafa p. 87 |
| 1970 | Prozeuglodon Mchedlidze p. 50 |
| 1988 | Dorudon Carroll |
| 1988 | Prozeuglodon Carroll |
| 1992 | Prozeuglodon Gingerich pp. 72-73 |
| 1993 | Dorudon Benton p. 761 |
| 1993 | Prozeuglodon Benton p. 761 |
| 1996 | Dorudon Uhen p. 46 |
| 1997 | Dorudon McKenna and Bell p. 369 |
| 1998 | Dorudon Uhen p. 35 |
| 2002 | Dorudon Sepkoski |
| 2002 | Prozeuglodon Sepkoski |
| 2002 | Dorudon Uhen p. 79 |
| 2003 | Dorudon Geisler and Sanders p. 27 |
| 2004 | Dorudon Uhen p. 13 |
| 2004 | Dorudon van Vliet p. 143 |
| 2006 | Dorudon Bouetel and Muizon p. 383 |
| 2006 | Dorudon Clementz et al. p. 359 |
| 2008 | Dorudon McLeod and Barnes p. 93 |
| 2008 | Dorudon Uhen p. 562 |
| 2009 | Dorudon Fordyce and Roberts p. 553 |
| 2009 | Dorudon Spaulding et al. p. 4 |
| 2009 | Dorudon Uhen p. 93 |
| 2010 | Dorudon Fitzgerald p. 370 figs. Table 1 |
| 2011 | Dorudon Martinez-Cáceres and Muizon |
| 2011 | Dorudon Schouten p. 18 |
| 2012 | Dorudon Gingerich p. 313 figs. Figure 4 |
| 2013 | Dorudon Uhen p. 10 figs. Figure 7 |
| 2014 | Dorudon Cioppi p. 86 |
| 2014 | Dorudon Gingerich and Cappetta p. 128 figs. Figure 16 |
| 2015 | Dorudon Boessenecker and Fordyce figs. Table 1 |
| 2015 | Dorudon Gao and Ni p. 156 figs. Table 1 |
| 2016 | Dorudon Marx et al. p. 101 |
| 2017 | Dorudon Berta p. 159 |
| 2017 | Dorudon Martínez-Cáceres et al. p. 11 |
| 2018 | Dorudon Uhen |
| 2019 | Dorudon Mahdy et al. |
| 2020 | Dorudon Zalmout et al. p. 128 |
| 2020 | Dorudon van Vliet et al. p. 131 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Dorudon Gibbes 1845
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†Dorudon atrox Andrews 1906
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Invalid names: Dorudon intermedius Dart 1923 [synonym], Dorudon stromeri Kellogg 1928 [synonym]
†Dorudon serratus Gibbes 1845
Invalid names: Prozeuglodon Andrews 1906 [synonym]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| M. D. Uhen 2004 | Members of the genus Dorudon can be distinguished from other archaeocetes based on overall size, and other morphological characteristics. Members of the genus Dorudon are considerably larger than Saghacetus , and much smaller than members of the genus Pontogeneus. Saghacetus lacks the long narial process of the frontals which is characteristic of the genus Dorudon. Members of the genus Dorudon can be distinguished from the members of the genus Zygorhiza based on the lingual cingula on P2-3. While members of both genera have cingula on the mesial and distal ends of P2-3, those of Zygorhiza are much better developed and highly ornamented. Zygorhiza is slightly smaller than Dorudon atrox and has slightly more gracile forelimbs. Zygorhiza has a large narial process of the frontals like Dorudon atrox, but the medial maxillae of Zygorhiza touch both the nasals and the frontals. The posterior medial maxillae of members of the genus Dorudon contact only the nasals. | |
| M. D. Uhen 2008 | Dorudon is much smaller than both Basilosaurus and Cynthiacetus. Dorudon also lacks the elongate trunk vertebrae of Basilosaurus. Dorudon can be distinguished from Zygorhiza by the lack of tiny denticles on the cingula of the upper premolars (Köhler and Fordyce, 1997). The premolars of Dorudon have relatively lower crowns than those of Chrysocetus. | |
| M. D. Uhen 2013 | Members of the genus Dorudon are consid- erably larger than Saghacetus and Chrysocetus, and much smaller than members of the genera Basilosaurus or Cyn- thiacetus. Members of the genus Dorudon can be distin- guished from members of the genus Zygorhiza based on the lingual cingula on P2-3. While members of both gen- era have cingula on the mesial and distal ends of P2-3, those of Zygorhiza are much better developed and more highly ornamented. Dorudon is slightly larger and all com- parable skeletal elements are more robust than those in Zygorhiza. |