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Placodermi (armour-plated fish)

Placodermi

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1848Placodermi M'Coy
1902Placodermi Hay p. 342
1911Placodermata Jaekel p. 44
1932Placodermi Bryant p. 232
1934Placodermi Säve-Söderbergh p. 17
1975Placodermi Denison p. 23
1999Placodermi Dineley and Metcalf p. 11
2002Placodermi Sepkoski
2004Placodermi Kiessling
2011Placodermi Long p. 241
2016Placodermi Nelson et al. p. 36

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
RankNameAuthor
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Placodermiomorphi
classPlacodermiM'Coy 1848
classPlacodermiM'Coy 1848

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Cl. †Placodermi M'Coy 1848 [armour-plated fish]
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Or. †Acanthothoraci Stensiö 1944
+
G. †Breizosteus Goujet 1980
G. †Murrindalaspis Long 1984
Fm. †Palaeacanthaspidae Stensiö 1944
+
G. †Dobrowlania Stensiö 1944
+
Dobrowlania podolica Stensio 1944
G. †Kimaspis Mark-Kurik 1973
+
Kimaspis tienshanica Mark-Kurik 1973
G. †Kolymaspis Bystrow 1956
+
Kolymaspis siberica Bystrow 1956
G. †Kosoraspis Gross 1959
+
Kosoraspis peckai Gross 1959
G. †Palaeacanthaspis Brotzen 1934
+
Palaeacanthaspis vasta Brotzen 1934
G. †Radotina Gross 1950
+
Radotina kosorensis Gross 1950
Radotina prima Barrande 1872
Radotina tessellata Gross 1958
G. †Romundina Orvig 1975
+
Romundina stellina Orvig 1975
G. †Weejasperaspis White 1978
Invalid names: Kolymaspidae Bystrow 1956 [empty], Radotinidae Arambourg 1958 [empty]
Or. †Antiarcha Cope 1885
+
G. †Grossaspis White and Moy-Thomas 1940
+
Grossaspis carinata Schluter 1887
Invalid names: Ceraspis Schlüter 1887 [replaced]
G. †Jiangxilepis Zhang and Liu 1991
G. †Lepadolepis White and Moy-Thomas 1940
+
Lepadolepis stensioei Gross 1933
Invalid names: Ceratolepis Gross 1933 [replaced]
G. †Liujiangolepis Wang 1987
G. †Macrodontophion Zborzewski 1834
G. †Microbrachius Traquair 1888
+
Microbrachius dicki Traquair 1888
G. †Phymolepis Zhang 1978
+
Pterichthyodid anitarch Turner et al. 1981
Fm. †Silurolepidae Zhang et al. 2010
+
G. †Silurolepis Zhang et al. 2010
+
Silurolepis platydorsalis Zhang et al. 2010
G. †Taeniolepis Gross 1932
+
Taeniolepis speciosa Gross 1932
G. †Xichonolepis Pan and Wang 1978
G. †Zhanjilepis Zhang 1978
Invalid names: Antiarchi Cope 1885 [synonym], Yunnanolepiformes Zhang 1978 [empty]
Or. †Antiarchiformes Grande and Eastman 1986
+
Subor. †Bothriolepidoidei Cope 1886
+
Infraor. †Sinolepidida
+
Fm. †Sinolepidae Liu and P'an 1958
+
G. †Sinolepis Liu and P'an 1958
+
Fm. †Chuchinolepidae Chang 1978
+
G. †Chuchinolepis Chang 1978
+
Chuchinolepis gracilis Chang 1978
+
Invalid names: Orientolepis neokwangsiensis P 'an and Wang 1978 [synonym]
Invalid names: Orientolepis P'an and Wang 1978 [synonym], Procondylolepis Zhang 1984 [synonym], Qujinolepis Zhang 1978 [synonym]
Infraor. †Euantiarcha Janvier and Pan 1982
+
Fm. †Asterolepididae Traquair 1888
+
G. †Asterolepis Eichwald 1840
G. †Byssacanthus Agassiz 1845
G. †Gerdalepis Hoffmann 1916
G. †Pterichthyodes Bleeker 1859
G. †Pterichthys Agassiz 1843
G. †Remigolepis Stensio 1931
G. †Stegolepis Malinovskaja 1973
Invalid names: Pterichthyidae [synonym]
Fm. †Bothriolepididae Cope 1886
+
G. †Bothriolepis Eichwald 1840
+
Invalid names: Stenacanthus Leidy 1856 [synonym]
G. †Grossilepis Stensiö 1948
Invalid names: Gerdalepididae [empty], Microbrachiidae [empty]
Fm. †Yunnanolepididae Zhang 1978
+
G. †Heteroyunnanolepis Wang 1994
G. †Parayunnanolepis Zhang et al. 2001
G. †Yunnanolepis Liu 1963
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Yunnanolepis chii Liu 1963
Invalid names: Chuchinolepididae [empty], Yunnanolepida [synonym]
Invalid names: Bothriolepoidei [empty]
Or. †Arthrodira Woodward 1891
+
Fm. †Acanthaspida Heintz 1921
+
G. †Euryaspis Bryant 1932
+
Euryaspis brachycephalus Bryant 1932
G. †Svalbardaspis Heintz 1929
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Svalbardaspis montanus Bryant 1932
Subor. †Actinolepina Miles 1973
+
Fm. †Actinolepidae Gross 1940
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G. †Actinolepis Agassiz 1845
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Actinolepis magna Mark-Kurik 1973
Actinolepis tuberculata Agassiz 1845
G. †Aethaspis Denison 1958
+
Aethaspis major Denison 1958
Aethaspis utahensis Denison 1958
G. †Ailuracantha White 1969
+
G. †Aleosteus Johnson et al. 2000
+
Aleosteus eganensis Johnson et al. 2000
G. †Anarthraspis Bryant 1934
+
Anarthraspis chamberlini Bryant 1932
Anarthraspis montana Bryant 1932
G. †Baringaspis Miles 1973
+
Baringaspis dineleyi Miles 1973
G. †Bollandaspis Schultze 1976
G. †Bryantolepis Denison 1958
+
Bryantolepis cristata Bryant 1934
Bryantolepis williamsi Elliott and Carr 2010
G. †Heightingtonaspis White 1969
+
Heightingtonaspis anglica Traquair 1890
Heightingtonaspis clarkei Eastman 1907
G. †Kujdanowiaspis Stensiö 1942
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Kujdanowiaspis podolica Brotzen 1934
G. †Lataspis Strand 1932
+
Lataspis brevicornis Heintz 1929
Lataspis rotundicomis Heintz 1929
G. †Lehmanosteus Goujet 1984
+
Lehmanosteus hyperboreus Goujet 1984
G. †Mediaspis Heintz 1929
+
Mediaspis problematica Heintz 1929
G. †Proaethaspis Denison 1978
+
Proaethaspis ohioensis Denison 1960
G. †Sigaspis Goujet 1973
+
Sigaspis lepidophora Goujet 1973
G. †Simblaspis Denison 1958
+
Simblaspis cachensis Denison 1958
G. †Stuertzaspis Westoll and Miles 1963
+
Stuertzaspis germanica Traquair 1903
G. †Szelepis Liu 1979
+
G. †Africanaspis Long et al. 1997
G. †Antarctolepis White 1968
+
Antarctolepis gunni White 1968
Fm. †Arctolepidae Heintz 1937
+
G. †Plataspis Westwood 1837
G. †Arctonema Orvig 1969
+
Arctonema crassum Orvig 1969
G. †Arenipiscis Young 1981
G. †Aspidichthys Newberry 1873
+
Aspidichthys clavatus Newberry 1873
Aspidichthys ingens Koenen 1883
Aspidichthys notabilis Whiteaves 1892
G. †Atlantidosteus Lelievre 1984
Subor. †Brachythoraci Gross 1932
+
Superfm. †Brachydeiroidea Denison 1978
+
Fm. †Brachydeiridae Gross 1932
+
G. †Brachydeirus Koenen 1880
G. †Oxyosteus Jaeckel 1911
G. †Synauchenia Jaeckel 1919
Fm. †Leptosteidae Jaekel 1911
+
G. †Leptosteus Jaeckel 1919
Superfm. †Buchanosteoidea Denison 1978
+
Fm. †Buchanosteidae White 1952
+
G. †Buchanosteus Stensiö 1945
G. †Parabuchanosteus White and Toombs 1972
Fm. †Williamsaspidae White 1952
+
G. †Williamsaspis White 1952
Superfm. †Coccosteoidea Denison 1978
+
Fm. †Coccosteidae Asmuss 1856
+
G. †Agassichthys Newberry 1857
G. †Anomalichthys Koenen 1883
G. †Aspidophorus Newberry 1870
G. †Asteroplax Woodward 1891
G. †Belgiosteus Lehman 1973
G. †Brachydirus Koenen 1880
G. †Clarkeosteus Obruchev 1964
G. †Coccosteus Agassiz 1843
G. †Dickosteus Miles and Westoll 1963
G. †Eldenosteus Miles 1975
G. †Lispognathus Miller 1892
G. †Livosteus Obrucheva 1962
G. †Millerosteus Stensio 1959
G. †Phlyctaenaspis Traquair 1890
G. †Physichthys Meyer 1855
G. †Plourdosteus Orvig 1951
G. †Ponerichthys Miller 1892
G. †Siphonodus Fischer von Waldheim 1852
G. †Watsonosteus Miles and Westoll 1963
G. †Woodwardosteus White and Moy-Thomas 1940
Invalid names: Coccosteinae Hay 1902 [empty]
Fm. †Gemuendenaspidae Miles 1962
+
G. †Gemuendenaspis Miles 1962
Fm. †Pholidosteidae Gross 1932
+
G. †Malerosteus Kulczycki 1957
G. †Pholidosteus Jaeckel 1907
Superfm. †Dinichthyoidea Denison 1978
+
Fm. †Leiosteidae Stensiö 1963
+
G. †Erromenosteus Jaeckel 1919
Fm. †Trematosteidae Gross 1932
+
G. †Belosteus Jaeckel 1927
G. †Brachyosteus Jaeckel 1927
G. †Cyrtosteus Gross 1932
G. †Trematosteus Jaeckel 1927
Superfm. †Heterosteoidea Denison 1984
+
Fm. †Heterosteidae Jaekel 1903
+
G. †Herasmius Orvig 1969
G. †Heterosteus Asmuss 1856
Superfm. †Homosteoidea Denison 1978
+
Fm. †Homostiidae Jaekel 1903
+
G. †Angarichthys Obruchev 1927
G. †Antineosteus Lelievre 1984
G. †Euleptaspis White and Moy-Thomas 1940
G. †Lophostracon Lankester 1884
G. †Luetkeichthys Bystrow 1957
G. †Tityosteus Gross 1960
G. †Bruntonichthys Dennis and Miles 1980
G. †Bullerichthys Dennis and Miles 1980
Fm. †Bungartiidae Denison 1975
+
G. †Bungartius Dunkle 1947
+
Bungartius penssus Dunkle 1947
G. †Callognathus Newberry 1890
+
Callognathus regularis Newberry 1889
Callognathus serratus Newberry 1889
Fm. †Camuropiscidae Dennis and Miles 1979
+
G. †Camuropiscis Dennis and Miles 1979
+
Camuropiscis concinnus Dennis and Miles 1979
Camuropiscis laidlawi Dennis and Miles 1979
G. †Fallacosteus Long 1990
Or. †Coccosteina Heintz 1932
+
Invalid names: Euleptaspididae Obruchev 1964 [empty], Gemuendenaspoidea Denison 1978 [empty]
G. †Copanognathus Hussakof and Bryant 1920
+
Copanognathus crassus Hussakof and Bryant 1919
G. †Cosmacanthus Agassiz 1845
+
Cosmacanthus bullatus Saint John and Worthen 1875
Cosmacanthus carinatus Davis 1883
Cosmacanthus malcolmsoni Agassiz 1844
Cosmacanthus priscus Mcoy 1848
Cosmacanthus stellatus Saint John and Worthen 1875
G. †Cravenaspis Young and Goujet 2003
+
Cravenaspis trematosus Young and Goujet 2003
G. †Diplognathus Newberry 1878
+
Diplognathus mirabilis Newberry 1878
G. †Erikaspis Dupret et al. 2007
+
Erikaspis zychi Dupret et al. 2007
G. †Errolosteus Young 1981
G. †Eskimaspis Dineley and Yuhai 1984
+
Eskimaspis heintzi Dineley and Yuhai 1984
Superor. †Euarthrodira
+
Invalid names: Arctolepidida Obruchev 1964 [empty]
Unr. †Eubrachythoraci Miles 1971
+
Unr. †Aspinothoracidi Miles and Dennis 1979
+
Fm. †Dinichthyidae Newberry 1888
+
G. †Brachygnathus Agassiz 1843
G. †Brontichthys Claypole 1894
G. †Dinichthys Newberry 1873
G. †Eastmanosteus Obruchev 1964
G. †Holdenius Dunkle and Bungart 1942
G. †Hussakofia Cossman 1910
G. †Perissognathus Hussakof and Bryant
G. †Stenognathus Newberry 1889
G. †Westralichthys Long 1987
G. †Gorgonichthys Claypole 1892
+
Gorgonichthys clarki Claypole 1892
G. †Hadrosteus Gross 1932
+
Hadrosteus rapax Gross 1932
G. †Heintzichthys Whitley 1933
+
Heintzichthys denticulatus Hussakof and Bryant 1919
Heintzichthys gouldii Newberry 1885
Heintzichthys insignis Hussakof and Bryant 1919
Heintzichthys mixeri Hussakof and Bryant 1919
Heintzichthys ringuebergi Newberry 1889
G. †Homostius Asmuss 1840
+
Homosteus arcticus Heintz 1934
Homosteus formosissimus Asmuss 1856
Homosteus kochi Stensio 1938
Homosteus latus Asmuss 1856
Homosteus manitobensis Okulitch 1944
Homosteus milleri Traquair 1849
Homosteus sulcatus Kutorga 1837
Unr. †Pachyosteomorphi Stensiö 1944
+
Superfm. †Dunkleosteoidea Vézina 1990
+
Fm. †Dunkleosteidae Stensiö 1963
Fm. †Panxiosteidae Wang 1979
G. †Kiangyousteus Liu 1955
+
Kiangyousteus yohii Liu 1955
G. †Glyptaspis Newberry 1890
+
Glyptaspis verrucosa Newberry 1889
G. †Goodradigbeeon White 1978
G. †Grazosteus Gross 1958
+
Grazosteus hoernesi Gross 1958
Fm. †Groenlandaspididae Obruchev 1964
+
G. †Boomeraspis Long 1995
+
Boomeraspis goujeti Long 1995
G. †Groenlandaspis Heintz 1932
+
Groenlandaspis antarctica Ritchie 1975
Groenlandaspis disjectus Woodward 1891
Groenlandaspis mirabilis Heintz 1932
Groenlandaspis riniensis Long et al. 1997
Groenlandaspis seni Janvier and Ritchie 1977
G. †Mulgaspis Ritchie 2004
G. †Turrisaspis Daeschler et al. 2003
G. †Harrytoombsia Miles and Dennis 1979
G. †Heintzosteus Goujet 1984
+
Heintzosteus brevis Goujet 1984
+
Hollardosteus marocanus Lehman 1976
Superfm. †Incisoscutoidea Long 1994
+
Fm. †Incisoscutidae Denison 1984
+
G. †Incisoscutum Dennis and Miles 1981
+
Incisoscutum ritchiei Dennis and Miles 1981
Incisoscutum sarahae Long 1994
Invalid names: Gogosteus Long 1994 [synonym]
Fm. †Plourdosteidae Vézina 1990
+
G. †Compagopiscis Gardiner and Miles 1994
G. †Protitanichthys Eastman 1907
+
Protitanichthys fossatus Eastman 1907
G. †Kendrickichthys Dennis and Miles 1980
G. †Kimberleyichthys Dennis-Bryan and Miles 1983
+
Invalid names: Kimberia Dennis-Bryan and Miles 1983 [replaced]
G. †Kueichowlepis Pan and Wang 1975
G. †Latocamurus Long 1988
G. †Laurentaspis Pageau 1969
+
Laurentaspis splendida Pageau 1969
G. †Lurapullaspis Young and Goujet 2003
+
Lurapullaspis johannseni Young and Goujet 2003
G. †Machaerognathus Hussakof and Bryant 1919
+
Machaerognathus woodwardi Hussakof and Bryant 1919
G. †Mcnamaraspis Long 1995
G. †Murmur Whitley 1951
+
Murmur arcuatus Bryant 1935
Fm. †Mylostomatidae Woodward 1891
+
G. †Dinomylostoma Eastman 1906
+
Dinomylostoma beecheri Eastman 1906
Dinomylostoma buffaloensis Hussakof and Bryant 1919
Dinomylostoma eastmani Hussakof 1913
G. †Mylostoma Newberry 1883
+
Mylostoma eurhinus Dunkle and Bungart 1945
Mylostoma newberryi Eastman 1907
Mylostoma terrelli Newberry 1883
Mylostoma variabile Newberry 1883
G. †Tafilalichthys Lehman 1956
+
Tafilalichthys lavocati Lehman 1954
G. †Operchallosteus Kulczycki 1957
G. †Overtonaspis White 1961
+
Overtonaspis billballi White 1961
Subor. †Pachyosteina Obruchev 1964
+
Invalid names: Erromenosteidae Obruchev 1964 [empty], Hussakofiidae Obruchev 1964 [empty]
G. †Parawilliamsaspis Liu 1980
Subor. †Phlyctaenina Miles 1973
+
Fm. †Holonematidae Obruchev 1932
+
G. †Belemnacanthus Eastman 1898
+
Belemnacanthus giganteus Eastman 1898
G. †Deirosteus Wells 1942
+
Deirosteus abbreviatus Eastman 1907
Deirosteus angustatus Obruchev 1961
Deirosteus omaliusii Agassiz 1844
G. †Deveonema Kulczycki 1957
+
Deveonema obrucevi Kulczycki 1957
G. †Gyroplacosteus Obrutschev 1930
+
Gyroplacosteus butovi Obruchev 1932
Gyroplacosteus panderi Obruchev 1932
Gyroplacosteus vialowi Kulczycki 1957
G. †Holonema Newberry 1890
+
Holonema arcticum Mark-Kurik 1975
Holonema farrowi Stevens 1964
Holonema haiti Denison 1968
Holonema harmae Mark 1953
Holonema horrida Cope 1892
Holonema obrutshevi Mark 1953
Holonema ornatum Traquair 1908
Holonema radiatum Obruchev 1932
Holonema rugosa Claypole 1883
Holonema westolli Miles 1971
G. †Megaloplax Obrutschev 1933
+
Megaloplax marginalis Eichwald 1871
G. †Rhenonema Obruchev 1964
+
Rhenonema eifeliense Kayser 1880
G. †Tiaraspis Gross 1962
+
Tiaraspis subtilis Gross 1933
G. †Tropidosteus Gross 1933
+
Tropidosteus curvatus Gross 1933
Fm. †Phlyctaeniidae Fowler 1947
+
G. †Aggeraspis Gross 1962
+
Aggeraspis heintzi Gross 1933
G. †Arctaspis Heintz 1929
+
Arctaspis hoegi Heintz 1929
Arctaspis hoeli Heintz 1929
Arctaspis holtedahli Heintz 1929
Arctaspis kiaeri Heintz 1929
Arctaspis maxima Heintz 1929
Arctaspis minor Heintz 1929
G. †Arctolepis Eastman 1908
+
Arctolepis brevis Heintz 1929
Arctolepis decipiens Woodward 1891
Arctolepis lata Heintz 1929
Arctolepis lewini Heintz 1929
Arctolepis longicornis Heintz 1929
Arctolepis solnoerdali Heintz 1929
G. †Barwickosteus Young and Long 2014
+
Barwickosteus antarcticus Young and Long 2014
G. †Cartieraspis Pageau 1969
+
Cartieraspis nigra Pageau 1969
G. †Diadsomaspis Gross 1937
+
Diadsomaspis elongata Gross 1933
G. †Dicksonosteus Goujet 1975
+
Dicksonosteus arcticus Goujet 1975
G. †Gaspeaspis Pageau 1969
+
Gaspeaspis atholi Pageau 1969
Gaspeaspis cassivii Pageau 1969
G. †Grifftaylor Young and Long 2014
+
Grifftaylor antarcticus Young and Long 2014
G. †Heterogaspis Strand 1932
+
Heterogaspis acuticornis Heintz 1929
Heterogaspis borealis Heintz 1929
Heterogaspis gigantea Heintz 1929
Heterogaspis hornsundi Heintz 1929
Heterogaspis minuta Heintz 1929
G. †Huginaspis Heintz 1929
+
Huginaspis broeggeri Heintz 1929
Huginaspis vogti Heintz 1929
G. †Kolpaspis Pageau 1969
+
Kolpaspis beaudryi Pageau 1969
G. †Neophlyctaenius White 1969
+
Neophlyctaenius sherwoodi Denison 1950
G. †Pageauaspis Denison 1978
+
Pageauaspis russelli Pageau 1969
G. †Phlyctaenius Traquair 1890
+
Phlyctaenius acadicus Whiteaves 1881
Phlyctaenius fulgens Pageau 1969
G. †Prosphymaspis Gross 1937
+
Prosphymaspis corneti Leriche 1948
G. †Platyaspis Koenen 1896
+
Platyaspis tenuis Koenen 1895
+
Prescottaspis dineleyi White 1961
+
Qataraspis deprofundis White 1969
Fm. †Rhachiosteidae Stensiö 1963
+
+
G. †Rolfosteus Dennis and Miles 1979
Fm. †Selenosteidae Dean 1901
+
G. †Amazichthys Jobbins et al. 2022
+
Amazichthys trinajsticae Jobbins et al. 2022
G. †Braunosteus Stensiö 1959
+
Braunosteus schmidti Stensiö 1959
G. †Draconichthys Rücklin 2011
+
Draconichthys elegans Rücklin 2011
G. †Enseosteus Jaeckel 1919
+
Enseosteus hermanni Stensio 1959
Enseosteus jaekeli Gross 1932
Enseosteus marocanensis Rücklin 2011
Enseosteus pachyostoides Stensio 1959
G. †Gymnotrachelus Dunkle and Bongert 1939
+
Gymnotrachelus hydei Dunkle and Bungart 1939
G. †Melanosteus Lelievre and Goujet 1987
+
Melanosteus occitanus Lelièvre et al. 1987
G. †Microsteus Gross 1932
+
Microsteus angusticeps Stensio 1963
Microsteus dubius Gross 1932
G. †Pachyosteus Jaeckel 1903
+
Pachyosteus bulla Jaekel 1903
+
Paramylostoma arcualis Dunkle and Bungart 1945
G. †Rhinosteus Jaeckel 1911
+
Rhinosteus parvulus Gross 1932
Rhinosteus traquairi Jaekel 1911
G. †Selenosteus Dean 1901
+
Selenosteus brevis Claypole 1869
G. †Stenosteus Dean 1901
+
Stenosteus glaber Dean 1901
Stenosteus pertenuis Branson 1911
G. †Walterosteus Stensiö 1959
+
Walterosteus grossi Rücklin 2011
Walterosteus lelievrei Rücklin 2011
Walterosteus pachyosteides Stensiö 1959
G. †Squamatognathus Hanke et al. 1996
G. †Taemasosteus White 1952
+
G. †Taunaspis Schmidt 1933
+
Taunaspis eurystethes Schmidt 1933
+
+
G. †Chelonichthys Agassiz 1843
G. †Ichthyosauroides Kutorga 1837
G. †Timanosteus Obrucheva 1962
+
Fm. †Titanichthyidae Dean 1901
+
G. †Holopetalichthys Koenen 1895
G. †Titanichthys Newberry 1885
+
Titanichthys agassizii Newberry 1885
Titanichthys attenuatus Wright 1893
Titanichthys brevis Claypole 1896
Titanichthys clarkii Newberry 1887
Titanichthys kozlowskii Kulczycki 1957
Titanichthys rectus Claypole 1893
Titanichthys termieri Lehman 1954
G. †Toombalepis Young and Goujet 2003
+
Toombalepis tuberculata Young and Goujet 2003
G. †Toombsosteus White 1978
G. †Torosteus Gardiner and Miles 1990
G. †Trachosteus Newberry 1890
+
Trachosteus clarkii Newberry 1889
G. †Tubonasus Dennis and Miles 1979
G. †Wheathillaspis White 1961
+
Subor. †Wuttagoonaspina Ritchie 1973
+
Fm. †Wuttagoonaspidae Ritchie 1973
+
G. †Wuttagoonaspis Ritchie 1973
+
Wuttagoonaspis fletcheri Ritchie 1973
Wuttagoonaspis milligani Young and Goujet 2003
G. †Yinosteus
Invalid names: Arthrodiriformes Grande and Eastman 1986 [synonym], Brachydeirina Denison 1975 [empty], Heterostiina Denison 1975 [empty], Holonematina Denison 1975 [empty], Pachyosteidae Gross 1932 [empty], Phylctaeniida [empty], Stegophthalami [empty]
G. †Asiacanthus Liu 1948
+
Asiacanthus kaoi P'am 1964
Asiacanthus suni P'an 1964
G. †Austroptyctodus Long 1997
Or. †Brindabellaspida Young 1980
+
G. †Brindabellaspis Young 1980
G. †Campbellodus Miles and Young 1977
+
Campbellodus decipiens Miles and Young 1977
G. †Changyonophyton Sze 1952
+
Or. †Coccostei Jaekel 1911
+
Invalid names: Coccostei Jaekel 1911 [empty], Heterostei Jaekel 1911 [empty], Homostei Jaekel 1911 [empty]
G. †Coelosteichthys Whitley 1940
G. †Deinodus Hussakof and Bryant 1919
+
Deinodus bennetti Hussakof and Bryant 1919
G. †Hybosteus Gross 1933
+
Hybosteus mirabilis Gross 1930
G. †Neopetalichthys Liu 1973
+
G. †Nessariostoma Broili 1933
+
Nessariostoma granulosum Broili 1933
Invalid names: Nessariostoma Broili 1933 [objective synonym]
G. †Oestophorus Miller 1892
+
Oestophorus lilleyi Newberry 1889
Invalid names: Sphenophorus Newberry 1889 [replaced]
Subor. †Petalichthyida Jaekel 1911
+
G. †Diandongpetalichthys Pan and Wang 1978
G. †Eurycaraspis Li 1991
Fm. †Macropetalichthyidae Eastman 1898
+
G. †Ellopetalichthys Orvig 1957
+
G. †Epipetalichthys Stensiö 1925
+
G. †Lunaspis Broili 1929
+
Lunaspis broilii Gross 1937
Lunaspis heroldi Broili 1929
Lunaspis pruemiensis Kayser 1880
G. †Macropetalichthys Norwood and Owen 1846
+
Macropetalichthys rhapheidolabis Norwood and Owen 1846
+
Invalid names: Agassichthys manni Newberry 1857 [synonym]
G. †Notopetalichthys Woodward 1941
+
Notopetalichthys hillsi Woodward 1941
G. †Quasipetalichthys Liu 1973
+
G. †Wijdeaspis Obruchev 1964
+
Wijdeaspis arctica Heintz 1929
Fm. †Quasipetalichthyidae Liu 1991
+
G. †Pauropetalichthys Pan et al. 2015
+
Pauropetalichthys magnoculus Pan et al. 2015
G. †Shearsbyaspis Young 1984
G. †Xinanpetalichthys Pan and Wang 1978
Invalid names: Diandongpetalichthys Pan and Wang 1978 [valid], Eurycaraspis Li 1991 [valid], Litilpetalichthyes [valid], Macropetalichthyida [empty], Macropetalichthyida [empty], Macropetalichthyidae Eastman 1898 [valid], Petalichthyiformes [synonym], Petalichthyiformes [synonym], Quasipetalichthyidae Liu 1991 [valid], Shearsbyaspis Young 1984 [valid], Xinanpetalichthys Pan and Wang 1978 [valid]
Subor. †Petalichthyida Jaekel 1911
+
G. †Diandongpetalichthys Pan and Wang 1978
G. †Eurycaraspis Li 1991
Fm. †Macropetalichthyidae Eastman 1898
+
G. †Ellopetalichthys Orvig 1957
+
G. †Epipetalichthys Stensiö 1925
+
G. †Lunaspis Broili 1929
+
Lunaspis broilii Gross 1937
Lunaspis heroldi Broili 1929
Lunaspis pruemiensis Kayser 1880
G. †Macropetalichthys Norwood and Owen 1846
+
Macropetalichthys rhapheidolabis Norwood and Owen 1846
+
Invalid names: Agassichthys manni Newberry 1857 [synonym]
G. †Notopetalichthys Woodward 1941
+
Notopetalichthys hillsi Woodward 1941
G. †Quasipetalichthys Liu 1973
+
G. †Wijdeaspis Obruchev 1964
+
Wijdeaspis arctica Heintz 1929
Fm. †Quasipetalichthyidae Liu 1991
+
G. †Pauropetalichthys Pan et al. 2015
+
Pauropetalichthys magnoculus Pan et al. 2015
G. †Shearsbyaspis Young 1984
G. †Xinanpetalichthys Pan and Wang 1978
Invalid names: Diandongpetalichthys Pan and Wang 1978 [valid], Eurycaraspis Li 1991 [valid], Litilpetalichthyes [valid], Macropetalichthyida [empty], Macropetalichthyida [empty], Macropetalichthyidae Eastman 1898 [valid], Petalichthyiformes [synonym], Petalichthyiformes [synonym], Quasipetalichthyidae Liu 1991 [valid], Shearsbyaspis Young 1984 [valid], Xinanpetalichthys Pan and Wang 1978 [valid]
Or. †Phyllolepida Stensiö 1934
+
Subor. †Antarctaspina Denison 1975
+
Fm. †Antarctaspididae White 1968
+
G. †Antarctaspis White 1968
+
Fm. †Gavinaspididae Dupret and Zhu 2008
+
G. †Gavinaspis Dupret and Zhu 2008
+
Gavinaspis convergens Dupret and Zhu 2008
Subor. †Phyllolepina Denison 1975
+
Fm. †Phyllolepidae Woodward 1891
+
G. †Austrophyllolepis Long 1984
G. †Pentagonolepis Lohest 1890
G. †Phyllolepis Agassiz 1843
+
Phyllolepis concentrica Agassiz 1844
Phyllolepis delicatula Newberry 1889
Phyllolepis konincki Lohest 1888
Phyllolepis nielseni Stensio 1939
Phyllolepis orvini Heintz 1930
Phyllolepis tolli Vasiliauskas 1963
Phyllolepis undulata Lohest 1888
Phyllolepis woodwardi Stensio 1939
Or. †Pseudopetalichthyida Denison 1975
+
Fm. †Paraplesiobatidae Berg 1940
+
G. †Paraplesiobatis Broili 1933
+
G. †Pseudopetalichthys Moy-Thomas 1939
+
Or. †Ptychostei Jaekel 1911
+
Invalid names: Phlyctaenaspi Jaekel 1911 [empty]
Or. †Ptyctodontida Gross 1932
+
G. †Denisonodus Johnson and Elliott 1996
Fm. †Ptyctodontidae Woodward 1891
+
G. †Acmoniodus Hussakof and Bryant 1920
G. †Bulbocanthus Bryant 1932
+
Bulbocanthus rugosus Bryant 1932
G. †Chelyophorus Agassiz 1845
+
Chelyophorus pskovensis Obruchev 1947
Chelyophorus verneuili Agassiz 1844
G. †Ctenurella Ørvig 1960
+
Ctenurella gardineri Miles and Young 1977
Ctenurella gladbachensis Ørvig 1960
G. †Desmoporella Orvig 1971
+
Desmoporella minor Gross 1933
G. †Eczematolepis Miller 1892
+
Eczematolepis fragilis Newberry 1857
Eczematolepis pustulosus Newberry 1875
Eczematolepis telleri Eastman 1898
Invalid names: Acantholepis Newberry 1875 [replaced]
G. †Goniosteus Gross 1933
+
G. †Palaeomylus Woodward 1891
+
Palaeomylus crassus Newberry 1873
Palaeomylus frangens Newberry 1878
Palaeomylus greenei Newberry 1889
Palaeomylus hussakofi Bryant 1935
Palaeomylus lunaeformis Hussakof and Bryant 1919
Palaeomylus minor Bryant 1935
Palaeomylus predator Eastman 1898
G. †Ptyctodopsis Denison 1985
+
Ptyctodopsis menzeli Denison 1985
G. †Ptyctodus Pander 1858
+
Ptyctodus bradyi Hussakof 1942
Ptyctodus calceolus Newberry and Worthen 1866
Ptyctodus compressus Eastman 1898
Ptyctodus czarnockii Gorizdro-Kulczykka 1934
Ptyctodus eastmani Weller 1906
Ptyctodus ferox Eastman 1898
Ptyctodus howlandi Hussakof and Bryant 1919
Ptyctodus kielcensis Gorizdro-Kulczykka 1934
Ptyctodus major Rohon 1895
Ptyctodus molaris Eastman 1898
Ptyctodus obliquus Pander 1858
Ptyctodus panderi Eastman 1898
Ptyctodus punctatus Eastman 1898
Ptyctodus reimanni Carter 1942
Ptyctodus sibericus Tolmachoff 1915
G. †Ramphodus Jaekel 1903
G. †Rhynchodus Newberry 1873
+
Rhynchodus excavatus Newberry 1877
Rhynchodus eximius Jaekel 1919
Rhynchodus major Eastman 1898
Rhynchodus marginalis Gorizdro-Kulczykka 1934
Rhynchodus occidentalis Newberry 1878
Rhynchodus ornatus Hussakof and Bryant 1919
Rhynchodus pertenuis Eastman 1904
Rhynchodus rostratus Eastman 1898
Rhynchodus secans Newberry 1873
Rhynchodus telleri Hussakof and Bryant 1919
Rhynchodus tetrodon Jaekel 1903
Rhynchodus wildungensis Jaekel 1929
G. Rinodus Newberry and Worthen 1866
G. †Rhamphodopsis Watson 1938
+
G. †Tollodus Mark-Kurik 1977
Invalid names: Ptyctodontiformes [synonym]
Or. †Rhenanida Broili 1930
+
Fm. †Asterosteidae Woodward 1891
+
G. †Asterosteus Newberry 1875
+
Asterosteus stenocephalus Newberry 1875
G. †Gemuendina Traquair 1903
+
Gemuendina stuertzi Traquair 1903
G. †Jagorina Jaeckel 1821
+
Jagorina pandora Jaekel 1921
G. †Ohioaspis Wells 1944
+
Ohioaspis tumulosus Wells 1944
G. †Bolivosteus Goujet et al. 1986
G. †Sedowichthys Bystrow 1957
+
Sedowichthys terraboreae Bystrow 1957
Or. †Stensioellida Romer 1945
+
Fm. †Stensioellidae Berg 1940
+
G. †Stensioella Broili 1933
+
Stensioella heintzi Broili 1933
G. †Tollichthys Bystrow 1957
+
Tollichthys polaris Bystrow 1957
G. †Yunnanacanthus Liu 1973
+
Invalid names: Acanthothoraciformes [empty], Petalichthyida Jaekel 1911 [empty], Pseudopetalichthyiformes [empty], Rhenaniformes [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: nektonicc
Diet: carnivorec
Created: 2004-08-17 14:32:58
Modified: 2004-08-17 16:32:58
Source: c = class, subp = subphylum
Reference: Carroll 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Gorstian to the top of the Rhaetian or 427.40000 to 201.30000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 425.6 Ma

Collections (130 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Gorstian427.4 - 425.6China (Junnan) Yunnanolepiformes sp., Silurolepis platydorsalis (182557)
Ludfordian425.6 - 423.0China (Junnan) Arthrodira sp. (182558)
Pridoli423.0 - 419.2China (Junnan) Petalichthyida sp. (182559)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8United Kingdom Prescottaspis dineleyi, Overtonaspis billballi (233164)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8China (Guangxi) Asiacanthus kaoi, Asiacanthus suni, Yunnanolepis sp. (4005) Orientolepis neokwangsiensis, Yunnanolepis sp. (4007)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8China (Yunnan) Zhanjilepis aspratilis, Chuchinolepis gracilis, Yunnanolepis parvus, Yunnanolepis porifera, Yunnanolepis chii, Heteroyunnanolepis qujingensis (173380) Zhanjilepis aspratilis, Zhanjilepis sp., Phymolepis cuifengshanensis, Phymolepis guoruii, Gavinaspis convergens, Szelepis yunnanensis, Parawilliamsaspis yujiangensis, Asiacanthus kaoi, Asiacanthus suni, Chuchinolepis sulcata, Chuchinolepis sp., Chuchinolepis gracilis, Chuchinolepis qujingensis, Chuchinolepis robusta, Yunnanolepis parvus, Yunnanolepis porifera, Yunnanolepis sp., Yunnanolepis chii (162781)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8USA (Wyoming) Aethaspis sp., Simblaspis sp. (153534)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8Ukraine Erikaspis zychi (233554)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8Russian Federation Acanthothoraci indet. (26672)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8United Kingdom (England) Arthrodira indet. (90351) Wheathillaspis wickhamkingi, Plataspis sp., Heightingtonaspis willsi, Heightingtonaspis anglica (90352)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8Czech Republic Holopetalichthys kosorensis, Kosoraspis peckai (231818)
Lochkovian - Pragian419.2 - 407.6USA (Ohio) Aethaspis sp. (26874)
Pragian410.8 - 407.6Australia (New South) Wuttagoonaspis fletcheri (233555)
Pragian - Emsian410.8 - 393.3Japan Romundina sp. (133438)
Pragian - Emsian410.8 - 393.3Svalbard and Jan Mayen Heintzosteus brevis, Lehmanosteus hyperboreus (233179)
Pragian - Emsian410.8 - 393.3Norway Sigaspis lepidophora, Dicksonosteus arcticus (233178)
Pragian - Givetian410.8 - 382.7Australia (Northern Territory) Lurapullaspis johannseni, Toombalepis tuberculata, Wuttagoonaspis milligani, Cravenaspis trematosus (233556)
Early/Lower Emsian409.1 - 402.5Morocco Brachythoraci indet. (150334)
Early/Lower Emsian409.1 - 402.5Germany Lunaspis broilii, Lunaspis heroldi, Stuertzaspis germanica, Brachythoraci indet., Paraplesiobatis heinrichsi (26904) Tityosteus rieversi (74300)
Early/Lower Emsian409.1 - 402.5Germany (Gemuenden) Gemuendina stuertzi, Gemuendenaspis angusta, Pseudopetalichthys problematicus, Nessariostoma granulosum (26903)
Early/Lower Emsian409.1 - 402.5Russian Federation Ohioaspis sp. (35712)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3New Zealand Actinolepis sp. (40525)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3Australia (Queensland) Pterichthyodid anitarch (119809)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3Belarus (Gormel) Actinolepis zaikai (232955) Placodermi indet., Actinolepis zaikai (232956)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3Australia (New South Wales) Errolosteus goodradigbeensis, Toombsosteus denisoni, Taemasosteus novaustrocambricus, Buchanosteus confertituberculatus, Arenipiscis westolli, Brindabellaspis stensioi, Weejasperaspis gavini (233190)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3USA (Wyoming) Bulbocanthus rugosus, Anarthraspis montanus, Anarthraspis chamberlini, Bryantolepis brachycephalus, Bryantolepis cristatus, Bryantolepis major, Bryantolepis obscurus (26176)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3USA (Utah`) Aethaspis utahensis, Aethaspis major, Bryantolepis sp., Simblaspis cachensis (233171)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3South Africa Coccosteus sp. (a) (35578)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3Belarus (Vitebsk) Placodermi indet. (232877)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3Canada (Nunavut) Asterolepis sp. (26588 26592)
Emsian - Givetian407.6 - 382.7Antarctica Boomeraspis goujeti, Turrisaspis sp., Grifftaylor antarcticus (207084) Mulgaspis sp. (207085)
Late/Upper Emsian402.5 - 391.9Morocco Antineosteus lehmani (208249)
Late/Upper Emsian402.5 - 391.9Russian Federation Ohioaspis sp. (35720)
Late/Upper Emsian - Eifelian402.5 - 387.7Latvia Actinolepis sp., Homostius sp. (226510)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7Spain (Aragon) Arthrodira indet. (40439)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7Belarus (Vitebsk) Actinolepis sp. (232874) Placodermi indet., Ptyctodontida indet., Euarthrodira indet., Byssacanthus dilatatus (232958)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7Belarus Byssacanthus sp. (225881) Phlyctaeniina gen. n. (225853) Ptyctodontida gen. n. ?, Phlyctaeniina gen. n. ?, Asterolepis sp., Byssacanthus sp. (225882)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7Germany Placodermi indet. (60140)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7Latvia Actinolepis tuberculata, Asterolepis estonica, Byssacanthus dilatatus (225795) Actinolepis tuberculata, Homostius latus, Coccosteus cuspidatus, Asterolepis estonica, Byssacanthus dilatatus (225796 225797)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7Estonia Byssacanthus dilatatus (225792) Holonema sp. A Mark-Kurik, Protitanichthys sp., Byssacanthus dilatatus (225794) Hybosteus sp., Actinolepis tuberculata, Homostius sp., Byssacanthus dilatatus (225791) Ptyctodontida indet., Actinolepis tuberculata, Holonema sp. B Mark-Kurik, Homostius latus, Coccosteus cuspidatus, Asterolepis estonica, Byssacanthus dilatatus (225793)
Eifelian - Givetian393.3 - 382.7Canada (Nunavut) Placodermi indet. (26577)
Early/Lower Givetian388.1 - 383.7Canada (Manitoba) Dinichthys canadensis (624)
Early/Lower Givetian388.1 - 383.7Belarus Rhynchodus sp., Coccosteus sp., Asterolepis sp. (225886)
Early/Lower Givetian388.1 - 383.7Latvia Actinolepis tuberculata, Holonema obrutshevi, Homostius latus, Dickosteus grossi, Asterolepis estonica, Byssacanthus dilatatus (225802 225850)
Early/Lower Givetian388.1 - 383.7Estonia Actinolepis magna, Holonema harmae, Homostius latus, Coccosteus markae, Asterolepis sp., Asterolepis dellei (225851) Holonema obrutshevi, Homostius latus, Dickosteus grossi, Asterolepis estonica, Byssacanthus dilatatus (225804) Hybosteus sp., Actinolepis tuberculata, Homostius latus, Dickosteus grossi, Asterolepis estonica, Byssacanthus dilatatus (225803)
Late/Upper Givetian388.1 - 383.7Estonia Hybosteus mirabilis, Microbrachius dicki, Actinolepis magna, Livosteus grandis, Watsonosteus sp., Plourdosteus panderi, Asterolepis essica, Byssacanthus sp. (225778)
Late/Upper Givetian388.1 - 383.7Latvia Plourdosteus panderi, Plourdosteus livonicus, Bothriolepis curonica, Grossilepis spinosa, Asterolepis ornata (225777)
Late/Upper Givetian388.1 - 383.7China Bothriolepis sp. (209617)
Late/Upper Givetian388.1 - 383.7Belarus Ptyctodontida indet., Ctenurella sp., Plourdosteus sp., Plourdosteus livonicus, Bothriolepis sp. (225888)
Middle Givetian388.1 - 383.7Belarus Microbrachius sp., Plourdosteus sp. (225887)
Late/Upper Givetian - Early/Lower Frasnian388.1 - 382.4Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia) Ctenurella gladbachensis (226078) Ptyctodus sp., Ctenurella gladbachensis, Coccosteus sp. (197071)
Givetian387.7 - 382.7Antarctica Barwickosteus antarcticus (207080) Boomeraspis goujeti (207089)
Givetian387.7 - 382.7Svalbard and Jan Mayen (Spitsbergen) Coccosteidae indet. (225592)
Givetian387.7 - 382.7USA (Illinois) Placodermi indet. (76641)
Givetian387.7 - 382.7USA (Iowa) Dinichthyidae indet. (90325) Ptyctodus sp., Rhynchodus sp., Ptyctodopsis menzeli (163063)
Givetian - Frasnian387.7 - 372.2USA (Iowa) Placodermi indet. (226053)
Givetian - Frasnian387.7 - 372.2China (Hunan) Bothriolepis sinensis (233242)
Early/Lower Frasnian383.7 - 382.4Iran Ptyctodontidae indet., Antiarchi indet., Holonema sp., Pachyosteomorphi indet., Eastmanosteus sp. (226048)
Early/Lower Frasnian383.7 - 382.4Australia (Western Australia) Fallacosteus turneri, Harrytoombsia elegan, Latocamurus coulthardi, Torosteus tuberculatus, Torosteus puchellus, Torosteus submarginatus, Mcnamaraspis kaprios, Eastmanosteus calliaspis, Rolfosteus canningensis, Incisoscutum ritchei (233189)
Early/Lower Frasnian383.7 - 382.4Russian Federation Ptyctodontida indet., Ptyctodus sp., Plourdosteus livonicus, Asterolepis syasiensis, Asterolepis sp., Asterolepis radiata, Asterolepis ornata (90343)
Frasnian382.7 - 372.2France Melanosteus occitanus (233558)
Frasnian382.7 - 372.2Morocco Walterosteus lelievrei, Enseosteus marocanensis, Rhinosteus parvulus, Draconichthys elegan (233172)
Frasnian382.7 - 372.2USA (Colorado) Bothriolepis coloradensis (207898)
Frasnian382.7 - 372.2Russian Federation (Tuva) Bothriolepis sibirica (214854 214855) Bothriolepis sibirica, Bothriolepis dorakarasugensis (214853)
Frasnian382.7 - 372.2Australia (New South Wales) Holonema westolli (232510)
Frasnian382.7 - 372.2Australia (Western Australia) Camuropiscis concinnus (172211) Camuropiscis laidlawi (172213) Gogosteus sarahae (136090) Placodermi indet. (232512)
Frasnian382.7 - 372.2USA (Pennsylvania) Coccosteus macromus, Bothriolepis minor (164512) Holonema rugosa, Holonema horrida (164509)
Frasnian382.7 - 372.2Germany Enseosteus hermani, Enseosteus pachyosteides, Enseosteus jaekeli, Rhinosteus traquari, Rhinosteus parvulus, Rhinosteus tuberculatus, Microsteus gracilis, Microsteus dubius, Pholidosteus pygmaeus, Pholidosteus bidorsatus, Pholidosteus laevior, Pholidosteus friedeli, Erromenosteus brachyrostris, Erromenosteus platycephalus, Erromenosteus lucifer, Erromenosteus inflatus, Erromenosteus concavus, Erromenosteus diensti, Cyrtosteus inflatus, Trematosteus fontanellus, Parabelosteus acuticeps, Parabelosteus tuberculatus, Parabelosteus pusillus, Brachyosteus dietrichi, Belosteus elegans, Brachydeirus gracilis, Brachydeirus minor, Brachydeirus carinatus, Brachydeirus magnus, Brachydeirus bicarinatus, Oxyosteus rostratus, Oxyosteus magnus, Synauchenia coalescens, Leptosteus bickensis (233181) Walterosteus grossi (233180)
Frasnian382.7 - 372.2Canada (Quebec) Plourdosteus canadensis, Bothriolepis canadensis (179176)
Frasnian - Famennian382.7 - 358.9USA (Pennsylvania) Bothriolepis sp. (225800)
Late/Upper Devonian382.7 - 358.9Ukraine (Volyno-Podoliya) Macrodontophion sp. (64101)
Late/Upper Devonian382.7 - 358.9Colombia (Boyacá) Groenlandaspis indet., Bothriolepis sp., Asterolepis sp. (211928)
Late/Upper Devonian382.7 - 358.9USA (Virginia) Bothriolepis virginiensis (103795)
Late/Upper Devonian382.7 - 358.9Norway Asterolepidae sp. (154904)
Late/Upper Devonian382.7 - 358.9USA (California) Dunkleosteus terrelli (206454)
Middle Frasnian382.4 - 379.5Poland (Swietokrzyskie Voivodship) Rhynchodus sp. 1, Rhynchodus sp. 2, Pachyosteus bulla, Deveonema obrucevi, Holonema sp., Holonema radiatum, Gyroplacosteus sp., Eastmanosteus new sp., Eastmanosteus sp. 2, Dinichthys sp., Malerosteus gorizdroae, Plourdosteus sp., Plourdosteus grossi, Brachydeirus scaber, Brachydeirus grandis, Oxyosteus sp. (226394)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9USA (Pennsylvania) Bothriolepis sp. (28211) Holonema rugosa, Bothriolepis nitidus (164511)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9Libya Placodermi indet. (36824)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9United Kingdom (Somerset) Phyllolepis sp., Groenlandaspis sp., Coccosteus sp., Bothriolepis sp. (232123)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9USA (Ohio) Dinichthys herzeri (181411) Dunkleosteus raveri (181412)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9South Africa (Eastern Cape) Ptyctodontida indet., Africanaspis doryssa, Africanaspis species 2, Groenlandaspis riniensis, Phlyctaeniidae indeterminate 1, Phlyctaeniidae indeterminate 2, Bothriolepis africana (68049)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9Belarus (Homel) Arthrodira indet. (232529) Taeniolepis trautscholdi (232528)
Middle Famennian370.6 - 364.7Russian Federation (Oryol Oblast) Ptyctodus major, Bothriolepis siberica, Remigolepis armata (226045)
Middle Famennian370.6 - 364.7Morocco Amazichthys trinajsticae (231912)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7Ireland Coccosteus decipiens (32230)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7Russian Federation (Tula) Remigolepis armata (225666)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7Russian Federation (Lipetsk) Arthrodira indet. (225665)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7Belgium Placodermi indet. (131916)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7USA (ohio) Selenosteus brevis, Stenosteus angustopectus, Stenosteus pertenuis, Stenosteus glaber, Gymnotrachelus hydei, Paramylostoma arcualis, Bungartius perissus, Heintzichthys gouldi, Hussakofia minor, Holdenius holdeni (233183)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7USA (Missouri) Dinichthys sp. (6026) Ptyctodus calceolus (6027 6041 6051)
Late/Upper Famennian364.7 - 360.7Russian Federation (Tulskaya Oblast) Bothriolepis sp., Remigolepis armata (176224)
Tournaisian358.9 - 346.7Belarus (Homel) Taeniolepis trauscholdi (232531)
Mississippian358.9 - 323.2United Kingdom Coccosteus carbonarius, Asterolepis verrucosa (132781) Cosmacanthus carinatus, Nemacanthus priscus, Cosmacanthus marginalis (137333)
Pennsylvanian323.2 - 298.9United Kingdom Chelyophorus griffithii (132779)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3Germany (Baden-Württemberg) Asterolepis sp. (91635)