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Borophagus

Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1892Borophagus Cope
1902Borophagus Hay p. 776
1902Dinocyon (Borophagus) Matthew p. 289
1903Hyaenognathus Merriam
1903Porthocyon Merriam
1903Hyaenognathus Merriam p. 278
1903Porthocyon Merriam p. 283 figs. Pl. 29 and P. 30, Fig 1
1930Borophagus Matthew and Stirton
1933Borophagus Stirton and VanderHoof
1933Osteoborus Stirton and VanderHoof p. 175
1940Borophagus VanderHoof and Gregory
1941Pliogulo White
1970Borophagus Bjork p. 14
1980Borophagus Kurten and Anderson p. 165
1988Borophagus Carroll
1999Borophagus Wang et al. p. 266
2004Borophagus Wang et al. p. 451
2008Borophagus Wang et al.
2016Borophagus Tseng and Geisler p. 1
2019Borophagus Albright et al. p. 172
2022Borophagus Bōgner and Samuels

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
subclassSynapsida
Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
Mammaliamorpha
RankNameAuthor
Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
Theriiformes()
Trechnotheria
Cladotheria
Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
Eutheria()
Placentalia
Boreoeutheria
Laurasiatheria
Scrotifera
Ferae()
CarnivoramorphaWyss and Flynn 1993
CarnivoraformesFlynn et al.
orderCarnivora
familyCanidae
subfamilyBorophaginae
genusBorophagus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Borophagus Cope 1892
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Invalid names: Felis hillanus Cope 1893 [synonym], Hyaenognathus matthewi Freudenberg 1910 [synonym], Hyaenognathus pachyodon Merriam 1903 [synonym], Hyaenognathus solus Stock 1932 [synonym], Porthocyon dubius Merriam 1903 [synonym]
Borophagus dudleyi White 1941
Borophagus hilli Johnston 1939
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Invalid names: Osteoborus crassapineatus Olsen 1956 [synonym], Osteoborus progressus Hibbard 1944 [synonym]
Borophagus littoralis VanderHoof 1931
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Invalid names: Osteoborus diabloensis Richey 1938 [synonym]
Borophagus orc Webb 1969
Borophagus parvus Wang et al. 1999
Borophagus pugnator Cook 1922
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Invalid names: Osteoborus galushai Webb 1969 [synonym]
Borophagus secundus VanderHoof 1931
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Invalid names: Hyaenognathus cyonoides Martin 1928 [synonym], Hyaenognathus direptor Matthew 1924 [synonym]
Invalid names: Cynogulo [synonym], Hyaenognathus Merriam 1903 [synonym], Osteoborus Stirton and VanderHoof 1933 [synonym], Pliogulo White 1941 [synonym], Porthocyon Merriam 1903 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
R. A. Stirton and V. L. VanderHoof 1933 (Osteoborus)First three premolars greatly reduced in size; anterior pre-
molars (1-3 / 1 or 2-3) with prominent central cusp and small or absent anterior and posterior cusps; p4 with posterior accessory cusp above talonid; parastyle on P!; protocone on P! vestigial or absent; M;: with metaconid; m1 with wide inner heel; m2-3 intermediate in structure between Hyaenognathus and Aelurodon; superior branch of premaxilla strong, and meets anterior extension of frontals, excluding maxillaries from contact with nasals.