PBDB Taxon

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Cadurcodon

Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Amynodontidae

Taxonomy

Cadurcodon was named by Kretzoi (1942). It is not extant. Its type is Cadurcotherium ardynense.

It was assigned to Amynodontidae by Carroll (1988); to Cadurcodontinae by Prothero and Schoch (1989); and to Cadurcodontini by Wall and Manning (1986) and Averianov et al. (2017).

Species

C. ardynense, C. ardynensis (syn. C. zaisanensis, Hypsamynodon tuskabakensis), C. bahoensis, C. houldjinensis, C. kazakademius, C. maomingensis, C. suhaituensis, Sianodon chiyuanensis, Sianodon gaowangouensis, Sianodon honanensis, Sianodon mienchiensis, Sianodon sinensis, Sianodon ulausuensis

Synonyms

Paracadurcodon was named by Xu (1966).

It was synonymized subjectively with Cadurcodon by Prothero and Schoch (1989) and Averianov et al. (2017).

It was assigned to Amynodontidae by Xu (1966) and Carroll (1988).
Sianodon was named by Xu (1965).

It was synonymized subjectively with Cadurcodon by Averianov et al. (2017).

It was assigned to Cadurcodontini by Wall and Manning (1986); to Cadurcodontinae by Prothero and Schoch (1989); and to Amynodontidae by Xu (1965), Carroll (1988) and Li (2003).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1942	Cadurcodon Kretzoi
1965	Sianodon Xu
1966	Paracadurcodon Xu
1986	Cadurcodon Wall and Manning p. 918
1986	Sianodon Wall and Manning p. 918
1988	Cadurcodon Carroll
1988	Paracadurcodon Carroll
1988	Sianodon Carroll
1989	Cadurcodon Prothero and Schoch p. 534
1989	Sianodon Prothero and Schoch p. 534
2003	Sianodon Li
2017	Cadurcodon Averianov et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia

Rank	Name	Author
—	Theriamorpha	(Rowe 1993)
—	Theriiformes	()
—	Trechnotheria
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Euungulata
—	Panperissodactyla
superorder	Perissodactylamorpha
order	Perissodactyla	()
—	Tapiromorpha	(Haeckel 1873)
—	Ceratomorpha	(Wood 1937)
superfamily	Rhinocerotoidea
family	Amynodontidae
tribe	Cadurcodontini
genus	Cadurcodon	Kretzoi 1942

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Cadurcodon Kretzoi 1942

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†Cadurcodon ardynense Osborn 1924

†Cadurcodon ardynensis Osborn 1924

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Invalid names: Cadurcodon zaisanensis Belyaeva 1962 [synonym], Hypsamynodon tuskabakensis Biryukov 1963 [synonym]

†Cadurcodon bahoensis Xu 1965

†Cadurcodon houldjinensis Wang et al. 2009

†Cadurcodon kazakademius Biryukov 1961

†Cadurcodon maomingensis Averianov et al. 2017

†Cadurcodon suhaituensis Xu 1966

Invalid names: Paracadurcodon Xu 1966 [synonym], Sianodon Xu 1965 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialsubc

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

ground dwellingf

Diet:

browserf

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2005-08-31 15:05:00

Modified:

2005-08-31 17:05:00

Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Lillegraven 1979, Wall 1998, Ji et al. 2002, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Bartonian to the top of the Late/Upper Oligocene or 41.30000 to 23.03000 Ma

Collections (41 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Sharamurunian	56.0 - 37.71	China (Henan)	Amynodon sinensis, Cadurcotherium ardynense (41120) Sianodon sinensis, Sianodon chiyuanensis (42563)
Sharamurunian	56.0 - 37.71	China (Shanxi)	Amynodon sinensis (41117 42197) Cadurcotherium ardynense, C. ardynensis (42194 42198) Sianodon sinensis (41116)
Lutetian - Bartonian	47.8 - 38.0	China (Guangdong)	C. maomingensis (151737)
Middle Eocene	47.8 - 37.71	China (Nei Mongol)	C. sp. (28789) Sianodon ulausuensis (28786)
Middle Eocene	47.8 - 37.71	China (Henan)	Amynodon sinensis (180777) Sianodon honanensis (46193) Sianodon mienchiensis (42165) Sianodon sinensis (180849)
Bartonian - Priabonian	41.3 - 33.9	Bulgaria	C. ardynense (193753 193754)
Houldjinian	37.2 - 33.9	China (Nei Mongol)	C. ardynensis, Cadurcotherium sp. (72147)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.2 - 33.9	China (Yunnan)	C. sp., C. ardynensis (182580)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.2 - 33.9	China (Xinjiang)	C. ardynensis (174976 174977)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.2 - 33.9	China (Nei Mongol)	C. houldjinensis (174913 182572 182573 182574)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.2 - 33.9	Mongolia	Cadurcotherium ardynense (73781)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.2 - 33.9	Mongolia (Dornogov)	C. ardynensis (38303 38309 174716) C. sp. (176016 205811)
Late/Upper Eocene - Early/Lower Oligocene	37.2 - 28.4	China (shaanxi)	Sianodon bahoensis (42690) Sianodon gaowangouensis (42749) Sianodon sp., Sianodon bahoensis (42688)
Early/Lower Oligocene	33.9 - 28.4	China (Nei Mongol)	C. sp. (174759) Paracadurcodon sp. (180729) Paracadurcodon suhaituensis (174915) Sianodon sp., Paracadurcodon suhaituensis (180776)
Early/Lower Oligocene	33.9 - 28.4	Kazakhstan	C. ardynensis, Amynodon tuskabakensis (177065) C. kazakademius (177063)
Oligocene	33.9 - 23.03	Kazakhstan	C. zaisanensis (177064)
Late/Upper Oligocene	28.4 - 23.03	Kazakhstan (Aktyubinskaya)	C. kazakademius (73994)