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Astrapotheria

Mammalia - Astrapotheria

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1894Astrapotheroidea Ameghino
1894Astrapotheria Lydekker p. 42
1903Grypolophodon Roth
1903Notorhinus Roth
1903Notorhinus haroldi Roth
1903Blastoconus Roth p. 137
1903Blastoconus robertsoni Roth p. 137
1903Grypolophodon morenoi Roth p. 139
1903Grypolophodon tuberculosis Roth p. 140
1904Tonorhinus haroldi Ameghino p. 82
1904Blastoconus Roth
1904Grypolophodon Roth
1904Notorhinus Roth
1904Notorhinus haroldi Roth
1904Blastoconus robertsoni Roth p. 137
1904Grypolophodon morenoi Roth p. 139
1904Grypolophodon tuberculosis Roth p. 140
1910Astrapotheria Gregory p. 466
1934Astrapotherioidea Simpson
1975Astrapotheria McKenna p. 43
1988Astrapotheria Carroll
1997Astrapotheria McKenna and Bell
2021Astrapotheria Avilla and Mothé

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
subclassSynapsida
Therapsida()
RankNameAuthor
infraorderCynodontia()
Mammaliamorpha
Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
Theriiformes()
Trechnotheria
Cladotheria
Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
Eutheria()
Placentalia
AfrotheriaStanhope et al. 1998
Paenungulatomorpha
PaenungulataSimpson 1945
Sudamericungulata
orderAstrapotheria
orderAstrapotheria

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. †Astrapotheria Lydekker 1894
show all | hide all
G. †Antarctodon Bond et al. 2011
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Antarctodon sobrali Bond et al. 2011
Fm. †Astrapotheriidae Ameghino 1887
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G. †Astrapodon Ameghino 1891
G. †Astraponotus Ameghino 1901
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Astraponotus assymmetrus Ameghino 1901
Astraponotus dicksoni Roth 1904
Astraponotus holdichi Roth 1904
Invalid names: Megalophodon Roth 1903 [synonym], Notamynus Roth 1903 [synonym]
G. †Astrapothericulus Ameghino 1902
+
+
Invalid names: Astrapothericulus peninsulatus Ameghino 1904 [synonym]
Astrapothericulus iheringi Ameghino 1899
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Invalid names: Astrapothericulus hebetatus Ameghino 1891 [synonym]
G. †Astrapotherium Burmeister 1879
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Astrapotherium christi Stehlin 1928
Astrapotherium guillei Kramarz et al. 2019
Astrapotherium magnum Owen 1853
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Invalid names: Astrapodon carinatus Ameghino 1891 [synonym], Astrapotherium angustidens Mercerat 1891 [synonym], Astrapotherium burmeisteri Mercerat 1891 [synonym], Astrapotherium columnatum Ameghino 1891 [synonym], Astrapotherium gaudryi Mercerat 1891 [synonym], Astrapotherium karaikense Ameghino 1904 [synonym], Astrapotherium marshi Mercerat 1891 [synonym], Astrapotherium nanum Ameghino 1891 [synonym], Astrapotherium patagonicum Burmeister 1879 [synonym], Listriotherium filholi Mercerat 1891 [synonym], Xylotherium mirabile Mercerat 1891 [synonym]
Astrapotherium ruderarium Ameghino 1902
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Invalid names: Astrapothericulus laevisculus Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Astrapothericulus minusculus Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Astrapotherium triangulidens Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Parastrapotherium paucum Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Prochalicotherium patagonicum Ameghino 1902 [synonym]
Invalid names: Astrapotherium hespernium Cabrera 1940 [nomen vanum], Listriotherium Mercerat 1891 [synonym], Mesembriotherium Moreno 1882 [synonym], Xylotherium Mercerat 1891 [synonym]
G. †Comahuetherium Kramarz and Bond 2011
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Comahuetherium coccaorum Kramarz and Bond 2011
G. †Ganastrapotherium Johnson 1984
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Ganastrapotherium snorki Johnson 1984
G. †Liarthrus
+
Liarthrus copei Ameghino 1894
G. †Maddenia Kramarz and Bond 2009
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Maddenia lapidaria Kramarz and Bond 2009
G. †Monoeidodon Roth 1898
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Monoeidodon prinum Roth 1898
G. †Parastrapotherium Ameghino 1895
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Parastrapotherium crassum Ameghino 1902
Parastrapotherium ephebicum Ameghino 1889
Parastrapotherium herculeum Ameghino 1899
Parastrapotherium holmbergi Ameghino 1894
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Invalid names: Helicolophodon giganteus Roth 1904 [synonym], Loxocoelus obturtus Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Parastrapotherium lemoinei Ameghino 1894 [synonym], Parastrapotherium trouessarti Ameghino 1894 [synonym], Traspoatherium convexidens Ameghino 1894 [synonym]
Parastrapotherium martiale Ameghino 1901
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Invalid names: Parastrapotherium insuperabile Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Parastrapotherium superabile Ameghino 1901 [synonym]
Parastrapotherium symmetrum Ameghino 1902
Parastrapotherium variabile Ameghino 1901
Parastrapotherium voghti Mercerat 1891
Invalid names: Helicolophodon Roth 1903 [synonym], Loxocoelus [synonym], Traspoatherium [synonym]
G. †Scaglia Simpson 1957
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Scaglia kraglievichorum Simpson 1957
G. †Tonorhinus Ameghino 1904
Subfm. †Uruguaytheriinae Kraglievich 1928
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G. †Granastrapotherium Johnson 1984
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Granastrapotherium snorki Johnson and Madden 1997
G. †Hilarcotherium Vallejo-Pareja et al. 2015
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Hilarcotherium castanedaii Vallejo-Pareja et al. 2015
Hilarcotherium miyou Carrillo et al. 2018
G. †Uruguaytherium Kraglievich 1928
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Uruguaytherium beaulieui Kraglievich 1928
G. †Xenastrapotherium Kraglievich 1928
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Xenastrapotherium aequatorialis Johnson and Madden 1997
Xenastrapotherium amazonense Paula Couto 1976
Xenastrapotherium chaparralensis Johnson and Madden 1997
Xenastrapotherium christi Stehlin 1928
Invalid names: Synastrapotherium Paula Couto 1976 [synonym]
Invalid names: Astrapotheriinae Soria and Alvarenga 1989 [empty]
Fm. †Eoastrapostylopidae Soria and Powell 1981
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G. †Eoastrapostylops Soria and Powell 1981
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Eoastrapostylops riolorense Soria and Powell 1981
Fm. †Trigonostylopidae Ameghino 1901
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G. †Albertogaudrya Ameghino 1901
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Albertogaudrya carahuasensis Carbajal et al. 1977
Albertogaudrya unica Ameghino 1901
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Invalid names: Albertogaudrya oxygona Ameghino 1904 [synonym], Albertogaudrya regia Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Albertogaudrya separata Ameghino 1904 [synonym], Albertogaudrya tersa Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Scabellia cyclogona Ameghino 1904 [synonym], Scabellia laticincta Ameghino 1901 [synonym]
Invalid names: Scabellia Ameghino 1901 [synonym]
G. †Tetragonostylops Paula Couto 1963
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Tetragonostylops apthomasi Price and Paula Couto 1950
G. †Trigonostylops Ameghino 1897
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Trigonostylops wortmani Ameghino 1897
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Invalid names: Trigonostylops columnifer Ameghino 1904 [synonym], Trigonostylops coryphodontoides Ameghino 1904 [synonym], Trigonostylops eximius Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Trigonostylops germinalis Ameghino 1904 [synonym], Trigonostylops hemicyclus Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Trigonostylops insumptus Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Trigonostylops integer Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Trigonostylops minimus Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Trigonostylops scabellum Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Trigonostylops secundarius Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Trigonostylops subtrigonus Ameghino 1901 [synonym], Trigonostylops trigonus Ameghino 1901 [synonym]
Invalid names: Chiodon Berg 1899 [synonym], Staurodon Roth 1899 [synonym], Trigonostylops gegenbauri Roth 1899 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Hedralophus Ameghino 1901 [nomen dubium], Hedralophus bicostatus Ameghino 1901 [nomen dubium], Seudenius Simpson 1935 [nomen dubium], Seudenius cteronc Simpson 1935 [nomen dubium], Shecenia Simpson 1935 [nomen dubium], Shecenia ctirneru Simpson 1935 [nomen dubium], Staurodon supernus Roth 1899 [nomen dubium], Trigonostylops duplex Ameghino 1901 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Astrapotheroidea Ameghino 1894 [synonym], Blastoconus Roth 1903 [nomen dubium], Blastoconus robertsoni Roth 1904 [nomen dubium], Grypolophodon Roth 1903 [nomen vanum], Grypolophodon morenoi Roth 1904 [nomen vanum], Grypolophodon tuberculosis Roth 1904 [nomen vanum], Notorhinus Roth 1903 [nomen vanum], Notorhinus haroldi Roth 1904 [nomen vanum]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Maximum body mass: 1374.7 kgs
Minimum body mass: 1021.63 kgs
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: scansorialsubc
Diet: herbivoreo
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2009-01-05 17:11:22
Modified: 2009-01-05 19:11:22
Source: s = species, o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Johnson and Madden 1997, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, MacFadden et al. 1996, Lillegraven 1979, Ji et al. 2002, Vizcaíno et al. 2010

Age range: base of the Ypresian to the top of the Holocene or 56.00000 to 0.00000 Ma

Collections (174 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Paleocene58.7 - 55.8Argentina (Tucumán) Eoastrapostylops riolorense (41607)
Riochican57.0 - 55.8Argentina (Chubut) Shecenia ctirneru, Seudenius cteronc (14205) Trigonostylops sp., Postpithecus sp. (13781)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Argentina (Chubut) Shecenia sp., Trigonostylops sp. (133040)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Argentina (Salta) Albertogaudrya carahuasensis (44957)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Antarctica Trigonostylopidae indet. (32360) Ungulata indet. (100414)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6Brazil (Rio de Janeiro) Trigonostylops apthomasi, Trigonostylops sp. (118314) Trigonostylops sp. (38793)
Casamayoran55.8 - 48.0Argentina (Chubut) Albertogaudrya unica, Hedralophus bicostatus (176285) Trigonostylops sp. (49899 176304) Trigonostylops subtrigonus (176283) Trigonostylops wortmani (176491)
Casamayoran55.8 - 48.0Argentina (Santa Cruz) Trigonostylops sp. (50066)
Middle Eocene48.6 - 37.2Argentina (Chubut) Trigonostylops wortmani (225618)
Middle Eocene - Early/Lower Miocene48.6 - 15.97Argentina (Chubut) Parastrapotherium crassum (176461)
Mustersan48.0 - 42.0Argentina (Chubut) Albertogaudrya robusta (175761) Astraponotus indet. (176179) Astraponotus sp. (38879) Staurodon gegenbauri, Staurodon supernus, Notorhinus haroldi, Notamynus holdichi, Notamynus dicksoni, Megalophodon thompsoni, Megalophodon dilatatus, Grypolophodon morenoi, Grypolophodon tuberculosis, Grypolophodon imperfectus, Blastoconus robertsoni, Notorhinus denticulatus, Helicolophodon giganteus (176290)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Argentina (Chubut) Albertogaudrya indet., Trigonostylops wortmani (176174) A. gen. et sp. indet. K, A. gen. et sp. indet. L (176059) Astrapotheriidae genus and species A, Scaglia kraglievichorum, Tetragonostylops apthomasi, Trigonostylops wortmani (176170) Scaglia kraglievichorum, Albertogaudrya indet., Trigonostylops wortmani (44956) Trigonostylops wortmani (176173)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Argentina (Salta) Astrapotheria indet. (211419)
Lutetian - Bartonian47.8 - 38.0Argentina (Chubut) Trigonostylops wortmani, Trigonostylops scabellum (176164)
Lutetian - Bartonian47.8 - 38.0Antarctica (Seymour Island) Antarctodon sobrali (53666)
Divisaderan42.0 - 36.0Argentina (Mendoza) Trigonostylopidae indet. (92669)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Argentina (Santa Cruz) Trigonostylops wortmani (176494)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Brazil (Paraná) Astrapotheria indet. (186567)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Argentina (Chubut) Albertogaudrya indet., Trigonostylops wortmani (176181) Albertogaudrya sp., Albertogaudrya unica, Trigonostylops wortmani, Trigonostylops integer, Albertogaudrya regia (176163) Albertogaudrya unica (49902 175744 176167) Albertogaudrya unica, Trigonostylops wortmani (176190) Albertogaudrya unica, Trigonostylops wortmani, Trigonostylops secundarius, Trigonostylops minimus, Trigonostylops trigonus, Trigonostylops insumptus, Trigonostylops eximius, Trigonostylops scabellum, Trigonostylops hemicyclus, Trigonostylops duplex, Scabellia laticincta, Albertogaudrya tersa, Trigonostylops columnifer, Trigonostylops coryphodontoides, Trigonostylops germinalis, Scabellia cyclogona, Albertogaudrya oxygona, Albertogaudrya separata (13779) Astraponotus assymmetrus (176288) Trigonostylops sp., Albertogaudrya sp. (49900) Trigonostylops wortmani (176169 176177 176182)
Bartonian - Priabonian41.3 - 33.9Argentina (Río Negro) Astraponotus sp. (225620 225623) Trigonostylops sp., Astraponotus sp. (225621)
Bartonian - Priabonian41.3 - 33.9Antarctica Trigonostylops sp. (173115)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Argentina (Catamarca) Astrapotheriidae indet. (41608)
Priabonian - Rupelian38.0 - 28.1Peru (Loreto) Trigonostylops sp. (144474)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4Colombia (Tolima) Astrapotheriidae indet. (133619)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4Peru Astrapotheriidae indet. (199559)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4Chile Astrapotheria indet. (38072)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1Argentina (Chubut) Maddenia lapidaria (176201)
Rupelian - Chattian33.9 - 23.03Peru Astrapotheriidae indet. (199562)
Deseadan29.0 - 21.0Brazil (Sao Paulo) Astrapotheriidae indet. (152418)
Deseadan29.0 - 21.0Bolivia (La Paz) Astrapotheriidae indet. (133596)
Deseadan29.0 - 21.0Bolivia Astrapotheriidae indet. (95688)
Deseadan29.0 - 21.0Argentina (Santa Cruz) Astrapotheriidae indet. (176627) Astrapotherium sp., Parastrapotherium holmbergi, Liarthrus copei (50074) Parastrapotherium holmbergi, Liarthrus copei (176269)
Deseadan29.0 - 21.0Argentina (Chubut) Astrapotherium voghti (186781) Parastrapotherium holmbergi (14211) Parastrapotherium indet. (92670) Parastrapotherium martiale (186780) Parastrapotherium sp. (49851 146358)
Deseadan29.0 - 21.0Uruguay (Canelones) Uruguaytherium beaulieui (176488)
Late/Upper Oligocene28.4 - 23.03Peru (Loreto) Astrapotheriidae indet. (176130 176147)
Aquitanian23.03 - 20.44Ecuador (Cañar) Xenastrapotherium aequatorialis (144675)
Early/Lower Miocene23.03 - 15.97Colombia (Tolima) Astrapotheriidae indet., Xenastrapotherium chaparralensis (133440)
Colhuehuapian21.0 - 17.5Chile (Biobio) Astrapotherium indet., Parastrapotherium sp. (139577)
Colhuehuapian21.0 - 17.5Argentina (Neuquén) Astrapotheriidae sp., Astrapothericulus sp., Parastrapotherium sp. (197285) Astrapotherium sp. (89030) Comahuetherium coccaorum (202118) Parastrapotherium sp. (89027)
Colhuehuapian21.0 - 17.5Argentina (Chubut) Astrapotheriidae gen. et sp. nov., Astrapotheriidae indet., Parastrapotherium symmetrum, Astrapotherium ruderarium (141368)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Chile (Aisén) Astrapotherium sp. (71843)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Chile (Magallanes) Astrapotheriinae indet., Astrapothericulus iheringi (204203)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Colombia (La Guajira) Hilarcotherium miyou (162005)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Colombia (Guajira) Astrapotheriidae sp. (190377) Hilarcotherium miyou (176826)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Venezuela (Falcon) Astrapotheriidae indet. (43063)
Burdigalian - Langhian20.44 - 13.82Colombia (Guajira) Hilarcotherium miyou (145271)
Burdigalian - Langhian20.44 - 13.82Bolivia Uruguaytheriinae sp. (91435)
Santacrucian17.5 - 16.3Venezuela (Guárico) Astrapotherium christi (146538)
Santacrucian17.5 - 16.3Chile Astrapotherium magnum (207598 207603)
Santacrucian17.5 - 16.3Chile (Araucania) Astrapotherium sp. (144463)
Santacrucian17.5 - 16.3Argentina (Santa Cruz) Astrapothericulus iheringi (207680) Astrapotheriidae indet. (210153) Astrapotherium magnum (142529 142533 176581 176585 176590 176591 176603 176625 207606) Astrapotherium magnum, Astrapotherium nanum (204358) Astrapotherium sp. (176571 176622 206234 206236 206244 210637 210638 210786 210787) Astrapotherium sp., Astrapotherium magnum (176576 176578 176599)
Santacrucian - Laventan17.5 - 11.8Chile (Bío Bío) Astrapotheria indet., Astrapotheriidae indet. (140105)
Friasian16.3 - 15.5Chile Astrapotherium hesperinum (176666)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Argentina (Rio Negro) Astrapotherium guillei (211561)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Colombia (Guajira) Hilarcotherium miyou (190376)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Bolivia (Potosí) Astrapotheriidae indet. (68402)
Langhian - Serravallian15.97 - 11.62Argentina (Chubut) Astrapotheria indet. (215594 215595)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Peru Granastrapotherium snorki (211380)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608Colombia (Cesar) Hilarcotherium sp. (176829)
Colloncuran15.5 - 13.8Argentina (Mendoza) Astrapotherium sp. (145811)
Laventan13.8 - 11.8Peru (Ucayali) Granastrapotherium snorki (144792 144793) Xenastrapotherium sp. (144794) Xenastrapotherium sp., Uruguaytheriinae indet. (107993)
Laventan13.8 - 11.8Colombia (Huila) Astrapotheria indet. (133441) Granastrapotherium snorki (133692 134806 135348 140051 143785 143795 145175 145617 186607 187719 187720 187721 187888 187970 188028) Xenastrapotherium kraglievichi (133693 136211 141256 143787 143789 187965 188024 188026 188027) Xenastrapotherium kraglievichi, Granastrapotherium snorki (185892 187114 187115 187718 188025)
Laventan13.8 - 11.8Colombia (Tolima) Astrapotheriidae indet. (132580) Granastrapotherium snorki (143779 143781 143782 143783) Hilarcotherium castanedaii (169236) Xenastrapotherium indet. (132559)
Laventan13.8 - 11.8Peru Uruguaytheriinae indet. (107992)
Laventan13.8 - 11.8Bolivia (Tarija) Astrapotherium indet. (38071)
Laventan13.8 - 11.8Colombia Granastrapotherium snorki (13757)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Brazil (Acre) Synastrapotherium sp., Xenastrapotherium amazonense (55602)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Brazil (Acre) Astrapotheriidae indet. (217883)
Late/Upper Miocene - Pliocene11.608 - 2.588Brazil (Acre) Astrapotheria indet. (217818)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Brazil (Acre) Astrapotheria indet. (217848)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117Brazil Astrapotheriidae indet. (65139)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Brazil (Acre) Astrapotheria indet. (217870)