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Hyrachyus modestus

Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Hyrachyidae

Taxonomy
Lophiodon modestus was named by Leidy (1870). It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Smith's Fork, which is in a Bridgerian terrestrial horizon in the Bridger Formation of Wyoming.

It was recombined as Isectolophus modestus by Matthew (1909); it was recombined as Hyrachyus modestus by Leidy (1871), Leidy (1873), Hay (1902), Troxell (1922), Wood (1934), Radinsky (1967), Gazin (1976), Schoch (1989), McCarroll et al. (1996) and Colbert and Schoch (1998).

Sister species lacking formal opinion data
H. stehlini

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1870Lophiodon modestus Leidy p. 109
1871Hyrachyus agrestis Leidy
1871Hyrachyus modestus Leidy
1871Hyrachyus agrarius Leidy p. 229
1871Lophiodon bairdianus Marsh p. 36
1871Lophiodon affinis Marsh p. 37
1872Hyrachyus affinis Leidy
1872Hyrachyus bairdianus Leidy
1873Hyrachyus agrarius Cope p. 6
1873Hyrachyus agrarius Leidy p. 60
1873Hyrachyus modestus Leidy p. 67
1873Colonoceras agrestis Marsh p. 407
1878Hyrachyus crassidens Osborn et al.
1902Hyrachyus affinis Hay p. 638
1902Hyrachyus agrarius Hay p. 638
1902Colonoceras agrestis Hay p. 639
1902Hyrachyus modestus Hay p. 639
1909Isectolophus modestus Matthew
1922Hyrachyus affinis Troxell
1922Hyrachyus agrestis Troxell
1922Hyrachyus bairdianus Troxell
1922Hyrachyus modestus Troxell
1922Metahyrachyus bicornutus Troxell
1922Colonoceras agrestis Troxell p. 31 figs. 1 - 3
1922Metahyrachyus bicornutus Troxell p. 33 figs. 4, 5
1922Hyrachyus agrarius Troxell p. 40
1934Ephyrachyus cristalophus Wood
1934Hyrachyus affinis Wood
1934Hyrachyus modestus Wood
1967Hyrachyus modestus Radinsky
1976Hyrachyus affinis Gazin
1976Hyrachyus modestus Gazin
1984Hyrachyus bicornutus Schoch
1989Hyrachyus modestus Schoch
1990Hyrachyus affinis Emry
1996Hyrachyus modestus McCarroll et al.
1998Hyrachyus affinis Colbert and Schoch
1998Hyrachyus bicornutus Colbert and Schoch
1998Hyrachyus modestus Colbert and Schoch

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
RankNameAuthor
—Theriamorpha(Rowe 1993)
—Theriiformes()
—Trechnotheria
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Panperissodactyla
superorderPerissodactylamorpha
orderPerissodactyla()
—Tapiromorpha(Haeckel 1873)
—Ceratomorpha(Wood 1937)
superfamilyRhinocerotoidea
familyHyrachyidaeOsborn 1892
genusHyrachyus
speciesmodestus()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Hyrachyus modestus Leidy 1870
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Invalid names: Colonoceras agrestis Marsh 1873 [synonym], Ephyrachyus cristalophus Wood 1934 [synonym], Hyrachyus agrarius Leidy 1871 [synonym], Hyrachyus agrestis Leidy 1871 [synonym], Hyrachyus crassidens Osborn et al. 1878 [synonym], Lophiodon affinis Marsh 1871 [synonym], Lophiodon bairdianus Marsh 1871 [synonym], Metahyrachyus bicornutus Troxell 1922 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingsubo
Diet: browsersubo
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-08-31 15:03:12
Modified: 2005-08-31 17:03:12
Source: subo = suborder, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Colbert and Schoch 1998, Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Lillegraven 1979, Ji et al. 2002

Age range: base of the Wasatchian to the top of the Lutetian or 55.80000 to 41.30000 Ma

Collections (46 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Wasatchian55.8 - 50.3USA (Wyoming) Hyrachyus modestus (15710 15839)
Wasatchian - Bridgerian55.8 - 46.2USA (Wyoming) Hyrachyus modestus (15463)
Bridgerian50.3 - 46.2USA (Wyoming) Hyrachyus affinis (16193 16194 16226 16234 16275 16281 16283) Hyrachyus affinis, Hyrachyus agrarius, Hyrachyus modestus (16228) Hyrachyus affinis, Hyrachyus modestus (16205 16284) Hyrachyus agrarius (106325) Hyrachyus agrestis (16136) Hyrachyus modestus (16198 16201 16213 16219 16227 16232 16290 16292 16409 16418 16483 16484 16491 16493 16502 16647 202160 202163) Lophiodon modestus (type locality: 16414)
Bridgerian50.3 - 46.2USA (Nevada) Hyrachyus affinis, Hyrachyus modestus (16218)
Bridgerian50.3 - 46.2USA (Texas) Hyrachyus sp. (16195)
Bridgerian50.3 - 46.2USA (California) Hyrachyus sp. (16422)
Bridgerian50.3 - 46.2USA (Colorado) Hyrachyus modestus (16239 16240 16242)
Bridgerian50.3 - 46.2USA (Utah) Hyrachyus modestus (16396)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Jamaica Hyrachyus sp. (5241)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71USA (Wyoming) Hyrachyus agrarius (81455)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71China (Shandong) Hyrachyus modestus (175581 175583)
Early/Lower Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (Texas) Hyrachyus modestus (16586)