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Xenodontinae

Reptilia - Colubridae

Taxonomy
Xenodontinae was named by Bonaparte (1845). It is extant.

It was reranked as the tribe Xenodontinae by Perrier (1928).

It was assigned to Aglypha by Perrier (1928); and to Colubridae by Kuhn (1966), Parmley and Holman (1995), Greene (1997) and Parmley and Hunter (2010).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1845Xenodontinae Bonaparte
1928Xenodontinae Perrier p. 3104
1966Xenodontinae Kuhn p. 67
1995Xenodontinae Parmley and Holman p. 85
1997Xenodontinae Greene
2010Xenodontinae Parmley and Hunter p. 533

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
RankNameAuthor
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
—Squamata()
suborderOphidia(Latreille 1804)
—Serpentes(Linnaeus 1758)
familyColubridae
subfamilyXenodontinaeBonaparte 1845
subfamilyXenodontinaeBonaparte 1845

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. Xenodontinae Bonaparte 1845
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G. Heterodon Latreille 1801 [hog-nosed snake]
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Heterodon nasicus Baird and Girard 1852 [western hognose snake]
Heterodon platyrhinos Latreille 1801 [eastern hognosed snake]
†Heterodon plionasicus Peters 1953
Heterodon simus Linnaeus 1766 [southern hognose snake]
G. †Paleoheterodon Holman 1964
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†Paleoheterodon arcuatus Rage and Holman 1984
†Paleoheterodon tiheni Holman 1964
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
E. Perrier 1928Deux dents à l'arrière du maxillaire toujours plus grandes que les autres et séparées d'elles par un grand espace vide. Un cou très accentué.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialuc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: carnivoref
Created: 2005-09-05 19:47:49
Modified: 2005-09-05 21:47:49
Source: f = family, c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Behler and King 1979

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the MN 7 + 8 to the top of the Rancholabrean or 12.75000 to 0.01200 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 12.5 Ma

Collections (62 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (South Dakota) Paleoheterodon tiheni (18397)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (Nebraska) Paleoheterodon tiheni (18031 18141 18208 18275 18284 27481 27507)
Langhian - Serravallian15.97 - 11.62France (Midi-Pyrenees) Paleoheterodon arcuatus (32191)
MN 7 + 812.75 - 11.1France (Rhône-Alpes) Paleoheterodon arcuatus (136199 136201) Paleoheterodon sp., Paleoheterodon arcuatus (79360)
Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Kansas) Paleoheterodon sp., Heterodon sp. (18450)
Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Nebraska) Paleoheterodon tiheni (188779)
Late/Upper Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Florida) Heterodon sp., Xenodontinae indet. (18554)
Late/Upper Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Nebraska) Xenodontinae indet. (18327)
Clarendonian - Hemphillian12.5 - 4.9USA (Florida) Heterodon brevis (18541)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Nebraska) Paleoheterodon tiheni, Heterodon platyrhinos (18225)
Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Texas) Paleoheterodon tiheni (18198)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Arizona) Heterodon nasicus (19610)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Oklahoma) Heterodon plionasicus (18076)
Late/Upper Hemphillian10.3 - 4.9USA (Nebraska) Heterodon sp. (18359) Paleoheterodon tiheni, Heterodon platyrhinos (18247)
Late/Upper Hemphillian - Blancan10.3 - 1.8USA (Indiana) Paleoheterodon tiheni (18320)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Italy (Ravenna) Paleoheterodon arcuatus (144566)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (Nebraska) Heterodon indet. (19960) Heterodon platyrhinos (19963) Heterodon platyrhinos, Heterodon nasicus (19954)
Blancan4.9 - 1.8USA (Kansas) Heterodon platyrhinos, Heterodon plionasicus (19931 19936) Heterodon plionasicus (19940)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806USA (Kansas) Heterodon nasicus (19927)
Pleistocene2.588 - 0.0117USA (West Virginia) Heterodon platyrhinos (124319)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (Kansas) Heterodon indet. (20390) Heterodon nasicus (20167 20293) Heterodon platyrhinos (20165 20332 20391 20427 20516) Heterodon sp. (20295 20422)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (Pennsylvania) Heterodon platyrhinos (20354)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (Texas) Heterodon indet. (20318)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (South Dakota) Heterodon sp. (20389)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (Maryland) Heterodon platyrhinos (20302)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (Arkansas) Heterodon sp. (20290)
Irvingtonian1.8 - 0.3USA (Oklahoma) Heterodon platyrhinos, Heterodon nasicus (20157)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129USA (Colorado) Heterodon nasicus (20359 20360 20361 27638)
Rancholabrean0.3 - 0.012USA (Florida) Heterodon platyrhinos, Heterodon simus (20491)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Georgia) Heterodon platyrhinos (13066)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Georgia) Heterodon sp. (20604)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Heterodon platyrhinos (20638 154936)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (glacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Texas) Heterodon platyrhinos, Heterodon nasicus (76101)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Alabama) Heterodon platirhinos (84181)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Heterodon platyrhinos, Heterodon simus (20650)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)0.129 - 0.0117USA (Kansas) Heterodon platyrhinos, Heterodon nasicus (20605)